ASTM A536 - 24 球墨铸铁件标准规范

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Designation: A536 −24
Standard Speciﬁcation for
Ductile Iron Castings
1
This standard is issued under the ﬁxed designation A536; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This speciﬁcation covers castings made of ductile iron,
also known as spheroidal or nodular iron, which is described as
cast iron with the graphite substantially spheroidal in shape and
essentially free of other forms of graphite, as deﬁned in
Terminology A644.
1.2 No precise quantitative relationship can be stated be-
tween the properties of the iron in various locations of the same
casting or between the properties of castings and those of a test
specimen cast from the same iron (see Appendix X1).
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
A370 Test Methods and Deﬁnitions for Mechanical Testing
of Steel Products
A644 Terminology Relating to Iron Castings
A732/A732M Speciﬁcation for Castings, Investment, Car-
bon and Low-Alloy Steel for General Application, and
Cobalt Alloy for High Strength at Elevated Temperatures
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
terials
2.2 Military Standard:
3
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
3. Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for material to this speciﬁcation shall include the
following information:
3.1.1 ASTM designation,
3.1.2 Grade of ductile iron required (see Table 1, and
Sections 4and 9), including any deviations to the properties
listed in Table 1 (see X1.3.1 and Table X1.1),
3.1.3 Special properties, if required (see Section 7),
3.1.4 If a different number of samples is required (see
Section 10),
3.1.5 Certiﬁcation, if required (see Section 14), and
3.1.6 Special preparation for delivery, if required (see Sec-
tion 15).
4. Tensile Requirements
4.1 The iron represented by the test specimens shall con-
form to the requirements as to tensile properties presented in
Tables 1 and 2. The irons listed in Table 1 cover those in
general use, while those listed in Table 2 are used for special
applications (such as pipes, ﬁttings, etc.).
4.2 The yield strength shall be determined at 0.2 % offset by
the offset method (see Test Methods E8/E8M). Other methods
may be used by mutual consent of the manufacturer and
purchaser.
4.3 Tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation may
degrade with section thicknesses in excess of 1.2 in. (30 mm).
Any deviations to the minimum properties in Table 1 for
general castings must be agreed upon between the manufac-
turer and purchaser and speciﬁed in the order for materials
purchased to this speciﬁcation (see Section 3). Guidance for
how properties may degrade with increasing section thickness
in separately cast test coupons for grades listed in Table 1 is
provided in X1.3.1 and Table X1.1.
1
This speciﬁcation is under the jurisdiction of the ASTM Committee A04 on
Iron Castings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A04.02 on Malleable
and Ductile Iron Castings.
Current edition approved Aug. 15, 2024. Published September 2024. Originally
approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as A536 – 84 (2019)
ɛ1
.
DOI: 10.1520/A0536-24.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at www.astm.org/contact. For Annual Book of
ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary
page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from General Services Administration – Vendor Support Center,
https://vsc.gsa.gov/administration/ﬁles/MIL-STD-129R.pdf.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1

5. Heat Treatment

5.1 The 60-40-18 grade will normally require a full ferritiz-

ing anneal. The 120-90-02 and the 100-70-03 grades generally

require a quench and temper or a normalize and temper, or an

isothermal heat treatment. The other two grades can be met

either as-cast or by heat treatment. Ductile iron, which is heat

treated by quenching to martensite and tempering, may have

substantially lower fatigue strength than as-cast material of the

same hardness.

6. Test Coupons

6.1 The separately cast test coupons from which the tension

test specimens are machined shall be cast to the size and shape

shown in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2. A modiﬁed keel block cast from the

mold shown in Fig. 3 may be substituted for the 1 in. Y-block

or the 1 in. keel block. The test coupons shall be cast in open molds made of suitable core sand having a minimum wall

thickness of 1

⁄

in. (38 mm) for the

⁄

in. (12.5 mm) and 1 in.

(25 mm) sizes and 3 in. (75 mm) for the 3 in. size. The coupons

shall be left in the mold until they have cooled to a black color

(approximately 900 °F (482 °C) or less). The size of coupon

cast to represent the casting shall be at the option of the

purchaser. In case no option is expressed, the manufacturer

shall make the choice.

6.2 When investment castings are made to this speciﬁcation,

the manufacturer may use test specimens cast to size incorpo-

rated in the mold with the castings, or separately cast to size

using the same type of mold and the same thermal conditions

that are used to produce the castings. These test specimens

shall be made to the dimensions shown in Fig. 1 of Speciﬁca-

tion A732/A732M or Figs. 5 and 6 of Test Methods and

Deﬁnitions A370.

6.3 The manufacturer may use separately cast test coupons

or test specimens cut from castings when castings made to this

speciﬁcation are nodularized or inoculated in the mold. Sepa-

rately cast test coupons shall have a chemistry that is repre-

sentative of castings produced from the ladle poured and a

cooling rate equivalent to that obtained with the test molds

shown in Figs. 1 and 2,Figs. 4-6, or Appendix X2. The size

(cooling rate) of the coupon chosen to represent the casting

should be decided by the purchaser. If test coupon size is not

TABLE 1 Tensile Requirements

Grade

60-40-18

Grade

65-45-12

Grade

80-55-06

Grade

100-70-03

Grade

120-90-02

Tensile strength, min, psi 60 000 65 000 80 000 100 000 120 000

Tensile strength, min, MPa 414 448 552 689 827

Yield strength, min, psi 40 000 45 000 55 000 70 000 90 000

Yield strength, min, MPa 276 310 379 483 621

Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min, % 18 12 6.0 3.0 2.0

TABLE 2 Tensile Requirements for Special Applications

Grade

60-42-10

Grade

70-50-05

Grade

80-60-03

Tensile strength, min, psi

Tensile strength, min, MPa

60 000

415

70 000

485

80 000

555

Yield strength, min, psi

Yield strength, min, MPa

42 000

290

50 000

345

60 000

415

Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm,

min, %

10 5 3

Metric Equivalents

in. mm in. mm

⁄

12.7

25.4

⁄

38.1

63.5

NOTE 1—The length of the keel block shall be 6 in. (152 mm).

FIG. 1 Keel Block for Test Coupons

Dimen-

sions

Y-Block Size

For Castings

of Thickness

Less Than

⁄

in.

(13 mm)

For Castings

of Thickness

⁄

in.

(13 mm) to

⁄

in.

(38 mm)

For Castings

of Thickness

of 1

⁄

in.

(38 mm)

and Over

in. mm in. mm in. mm

⁄

13 1 25 3 75

B 1

⁄

40 2

⁄

54 5 125

C 2 50 3 75 4 100

D 4 100 6 150 8 200

E 7 175 7 175 7 175

approx approx approx approx approx approx

FIG. 2 Y-Blocks for Test Coupons

A536 − 24

speciﬁed, the manufacturer shall make the choice. When test

bars will be cut from castings, test bar location shall be agreed

on by the purchaser and manufacturer and indicated on the

casting drawing. The manufacturer shall maintain sufficient

FIG. 3 Mold for Modiﬁed Keel Block

FIG. 4 Sectioning Procedure for Y-Blocks

A536 − 24

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