FHWA-NHI-23-024 桥梁检查员参考手册 Bridge Inspector’s Reference Manual BIRM 2023 (2022 NBIS)

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PUBLICATION NO. FHWA-NHI-23-024

Bridge Inspector’s

Reference Manual (BIRM)

(2022 NBIS)

REVISED MARCH 2023

FOREWORD

The Bridge Inspector’s Reference Manual (BIRM), (2022 NBIS) includes updated content based

on the May 6, 2022 update to the National Bridge Inspection Standards (NBIS). The NBIS are

required by statute (23 U.S.C. 144(h)) and defined in regulation (23 CFR Part 650 Subpart C).

Applicable revisions were also made per the Federal Highway Administration’s (FHWA)

Specifications for the National Bridge Inventory (SNBI), which was released in March 2022 and

is incorporated by reference to the NBIS. The SNBI supersedes the Recording and Coding Guide

for the Structure Inventory and Appraisal of the Nation’s Bridges (Coding Guide). National

Bridge Inventory data must be reported to FHWA using the SNBI after the annual submittal date

specified in FHWA’s Implementation Memo, May 25, 2022.

Notice

This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT) in

the interest of information exchange. The U.S. Government assumes no liability for the use of the

information contained in this document. This document does not constitute a standard, specification, or

regulation. It is guidance only and does not create any requirements other than those stipulated in statute and

regulation.

The U.S. Government does not endorse products, manufacturers, or outside entities. Trademarks, names, or

logos appear in this report only because they are considered essential to the objective of the document. They

are included for informational purposes only and are not intended to reflect a preference, approval, or

endorsement of any one product or entity.

Non-Binding Contents

Except for the statutes and regulations cited, the contents of this document do not have the force and effect

of law and are not meant to bind the public in any way. This document is intended only to provide clarity to

the public regarding existing requirements under the law or agency policies. While this document contains

nonbinding technical information, you must comply with the applicable statutes and regulations.

Quality Assurance Statement

The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) provides high-quality information to serve Government,

industry, and the public in a manner that promotes public understanding. Standards and policies are used to

ensure and maximize the quality, objectivity, utility, and integrity of its information. FHWA periodically

reviews quality issues and adjusts its programs and processes to ensure continuous quality improvement.

TECHNICAL REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE

1. Report No. FHWA-

NHI-23-024 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient’s Catalog No.

4. Title a nd Subtitle

Bridge Inspector’s Reference Manual (BIRM) 5. Report Date

Ma rch 2023

6. Performing Organization Code:

7. Author(s)

Thomas W. Rya n, P.E., Ca ssandra E. Lloyd, P.E., Micha el S.

Pichura, P.E., Darrin M. Ta rasovich, P.E., and Sandy

Fitzgerald

8. Performing Organization Report No.

9. Performing Organization Name and Address

Micha el Ba ker International, Inc.

Airside Business Park, 100 Airside Drive

Moon Township, PA 15108

10. Work Unit No.

11. Contract or Grant No.

DTFH6117D00036L–693JJ318F000369

12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address

Federa l Highway Administration

Na tional Highway Institute

2600 Park Tower Drive, Suite 500

Vienna, VA 22180

13. Type of Report and Period

Revised Reference Manual: March 2023

14. Sponsoring Agency Code

OTWDTD-IMEP-I WD-NHI

15. Supplementary Notes

Performing Orga nization’s Principal Investigator: Thomas W. Ryan, P.E.

Performing Orga nization’s Technical Leads: Cassandra E. Lloyd, P.E., and Michael S. Pichura, P.E.

FHWA Contracting Officer’s Representative: Melonie Barrington, Ed.D., M.E., P.E., PMP and Mignon J. Whitted

Tea m Leaders, FHWA Technical Review Team: Dennis O’Shea, P.E. and John Thiel, P.E.

16. Abstract

This document, the Bridge Inspector’s Reference Manual (BIRM), is a comprehensive reference manual on

programs, procedures, and techniques for inspecting a nd evaluating a variety of in-service highway bridges. It was

intended to replace the BITM 90 which was first published in 1991 to assist in training highway personnel for the

new discipline of bridge safety inspection. BITM 90 replaced BITM 70 which had been in use for 20 years and has

been the basis for several training programs varying in length from a few days to two weeks.

The BIRM is a revision and upgrade of the previous manual conforming with FHWA Specifications for the

National Bridge Inventory (SNBI). Improved bridge inspection techniques are presented, and state-of-the-art

inspection equipment is included. New or expanded coverage is provided on culverts, nonredundant members,

fatigue-prone details, redundancy, cable stayed bridges, prestressed segmental bridges, movable bridge inspection,

underwater inspection, and nondestructive evaluation, critical findings, a nd inspection intervals.

A series of NHI courses on bridge inspection, based on the BIRM, have been developed. These courses include a

two-week course, FHWA-NHI-130055, “Safety Inspection of In-Service Bridges” and a one-week course designed

specifically for professional engineers (PEs), FHWA-NHI-130056, “Safety Inspection of In-Service Bridges for

Professional Engineers.” Together, these two courses meet the definition of approved comprehensive training in

bridge inspection as defined in the National Bridge Inspection Standards (NBIS).

The ca talog for NHI Courses can be found on the National Highwa y Institute website: www.nhi.fhwa.dot.gov

17. Key Words

Bridge Inspection, Bridge Evaluation, Element Level

Evaluation, Component Rating, Culvert Inspection,

Critical Findings, Nonredundant Steel Tension

Members, Underwater Inspection

18. Distribution Statement

No restrictions. This document is available to the

public through the National Technical Information

Service, Springfield, VA 22161.

http://www.ntis.gov

19. Security Classification (of this

report) Unclassified 20. Security Classification (of this

pa ge) Uncla ssified 21. No. of Pages

1412 22. Price

Form DOT F 1700.7 (8-72) Reproduction of completed page authorized

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