ASTM D3102 - 78 scan

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AMERICAN
NATIONAL
ANSI/ASTM 0
3102
-
78
STANDARD
AMERICAN
SOCIETY
FOR
TESTING
ANU
MATERIALS
1916 Race St., Philadelphia,
Pa.
19103
Reprinted
from
the Annual Book
of
ASTM Standards,
Copyright
ASTM
If
not
listed in
the
current
combined index,
will
appear
in
the
next
edition.
Standard Practice for
DETERMINATION OF ISOSTATIC COLLAPSE
STRENGTH OF HOLLOW GLASS MICROSPHERES1
This Standard
is
issued under the fixed designation 0 3102; the number immediately following the designation indicates
the year
of
original adoption or,
in
the case
of
revision, the year
of
last revision. A number
in
parentheses indicates the
year
of
last reapproval.
1.
Scope
1.1 This practice covers the determination
of
the percent void volume collapse
of
hollow
glass microspheres
of
the type used
in
syntac-
tic foam buoyancy materials.
2. Applicable Documents
2.1
ASTM
Standards:
D 2841 Sampling Hollow Microspheres2
3. Summary
of
Practice
3.1 This practice consists
of
placing about
3 to 6 cm3
of
the material under test
in
a small
rubber balloon along with a slight excess
of
glycerin
or
isopropyl alcohol, then sealing
and
placing it into the hydraulic oil
of
a pressure
chamber to which isostatic pressure can be
applied. As pressure
is
applied the pressure
and volume, converted to electrical
output,
are recorded on an x-y recorder as a curve
of
pressure versus volume.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This practice for isostatic collapse
strength
of
hollow microspheres
is
important
because this property
is
directly related to the
isostatic collapse and uniaxial compressive
strengths
of
foam
in
which it
is
a component.
4.2 Along with density, the strength
of
hollow glass microspheres
is
a most important
property for the syntactic foams
in
which they
are used.
5.
Definitions
5.1 syntactic foam -a material conslstmg
of
hollow sphere filler
in
a resin matrix.
5.2 microspheres -spheres 1 mm
or
smaller
in
diameter.
6.
Interferences
6.1 Air should be excluded from the rub-
ber balloon in which the microsphere sample
and glycerin
or
isopropyl alcohol are sealed.
6.2 Leaks in the pressure system will cause
false readings
of
volume collapse
and
there-
fore the system should be checked before
each series
of
pressure tests.
To
check for
leaks at a given pressure, follow the operating
procedure without a sample. When
the
pres-
sure in question
is
reached, stop
the
piston
advance and determine if the pressure de-
creases.
If
the pressure holds constant at a
number
of
pressures and the pressure-volume
curve
is
identical to previous checks, it may
be concluded
that
there are no leaks and the
system has
not
been altered.
6.3 This
method
does not include a volume
correction for gases released due to micro-
sphere collapse.
7.
Apparatus
7.1 Isostatic Pressure Testing Apparatus
(Fig. 1) consisting
of
the following:
7.1.1 Pressure Chamber with a capacity of
140 MPa (20 000 psi).
7.1.2
Pressure Sensor3 with a capacity of
140 MPa (20 000 psi).
I This pfactice
is
under the jurisdiction
of
Committee
0-20
on Plastics, and
is
the direct responsibility
of
Subcom-
mittee
020.22
on Cellular Plastics.
Current edition approved July 28, 1978. Published
Oecember 1978. Originally published
as
03102
-72.
Last previous edition 0 3102 -72.
2
Annual
Book
of
ASTM
Standards, Part 36.
3 Pressure Sensor, Type STO, Catalog No. 203637 as
manufactured by the BLH Electronics Inc., Waltham,
Mass., has been found satisfactory for this purpose.
7.1.3
Pressure Sensor4 with a capacity
of
14
MPa
(2000 psi).
7.1.4
Pressure Pumps with a capacity
of
210
MPa
(30
000
psi).
7.1.5
Drive Motor System including an
electric
motor
(220
V, 3 phase, 250 W)
and
a
gear
reducer.
7.1.6
X-
Y Recorder6 with an input
of
0 to
10.00
MVon
the
Xand
Yaxis.
7.1.7
Power
Supply
(10.00 V d-c).
7.2
Decade Voltage Divider 10 000-!l,7
7.3
Potentiometer.
7.4
Air
Comparison Pycnometer.
8
7.5
Balance accurate to
±0.005
g.
7.6
Hydraulic Oil.
7.7
Small
Rubber
Balloons.
7.8
Sample Splitter
and
Small Funnel.
8.
Sampling
8.1 Sampling procedure
is
critical because
of
segregation tendencies.
The
one
recom-
mended
is
Method
D
2841.
9.
Sample
9.1
The
microsplitter described in
Method
D 2841 should
be
used to obtain about a 5-
em3 sample.
10.
Preparation
of
Apparatus
10.1 See calibrating
and
operating
proce-
dures.
11.
Calibration
of
Apparatus
11.1 Connect a
10
.OO-ml
pipet to the
bleeder tube and adjust
the
boundary switches
for the pressure
generator
drive
motor
so
that
a volume
of
10.00
ml is swept
out
by
the
piston.
11.2
Adjust the
output
from the volume
circuit to read
10.00
mV
when the pressure
generator
piston has displaced a volume
of
10.00
ml. The volume
measurement
is
then
calibrated
at
1 ml/mV
output.
11.3
Turn
on
pressure sensor d-c
power
suppy
and
allow
it
to
warm up for 20 min.
11.4
Adjust
the
output
from the
power
supply
to
be 10.00 V.
The
lower range pres-
sure
sensor
(0 to 14 MPa (2000 psi))
is
then
calibrated
at 1.38-MPa/m V (200-psi/m V)
output,
and
the high range pressure sensor (0
to
140
MPa
(20 000 psi))
is
calibrated at 14-
MPa/m
V (2000-psi/m V)
output.
2
03102
11.5
Thc
output
from
the
volume circuit
and
the
output
from the pressure sensor
power supply should be checked
before
each
series
of
hollow microsphere strength tests.
12. Procedure
12.1
Sample
Preparation:
12.1.1
Determine
the
mass and volume
of
a collapsed
rubber
balloon, using
the
scale
and air comparison pycnometer.
12.1.2
Put
the
microsphere sample into
the balloon, using a small funnel.
12.1.3
Determine
the mass
and
volume
of
the microspheres inside
the
balloon using the
small scale
and
air comparison pycnometer.
12.1.4
Add
glycerin
or
isopropyl alochol
to the balloon and seal it.
Take
care
to
exclude all air.
12.2
Connect
the pressure sensor
output
to the
recorder
Y axis
and
volume indicator
output
to
the
recorder
X axis.
Adjust
the
recorder
chart
to zero setting.
12.3
To
run in the low-pressure range (0
to 14 MPa (2000 psi)), put the pressure
sensor switch on low, and
open
the isolation
valve.
To
run
in
the high-pressure range (140
MPa (20
000
psi)),
put
the pressure sensor
switch on high and close the isolation valve.
Allow 10 min for the pressure sensors to
warm up.
12.4 Insert the filled balloon into the pres-
sure
chamber
and fill with hydraulic oil. Be
careful to exclude air.
12.5 Close
and
seal the pressure
chamber
and bleed
out
entrained
air. Close the bleeder
valve to isolate the hydraulic system.
12.6
Increase the pressure the desired
amount
to
obtain a collapse curve (Curve I on
Fig. 2), then decrease the pressure
to
zero
(Curve II on Fig. 2). Wait 20 min for
the
oil
to reach its initial thermodynamic state.
Pressure Sensor, Type PP, Catalog No. 203627 as
manufactured by the BLH Electronics Inc., Waltham,
Mass., has been found satisfactory for this purpose.
Pressure Pump, Model No. 37-6-30, as manufactured
by the High Pressure Equipment
Co.,
Erie, Pa., has been
found satisfactory for this purpose.
X-Y Recorder, Speedomax
G,
Model No. 69950, as
manufactured
by
Leeds and Northrup
Co.,
Philadelphia,
Pa.,
has been found satisfactory for this purpose.
7 Voltage Divider, Model 1454-A
as
manufactured
by
General Radio
Co.,
Concord, Mass., has been found
satisfactory for this purpose.
8 Air Comparison Pycnometer, Model
930,
Catalog No.
93001, as manufactured
by
Beckman Instruments, Ltd.,
Fullerton, Calif., has been found satisfactory for this
purpose.
12.7 Increase the pressure again to obtain
a system compression plot. Decrease the pres-
sure to zero (Curve
In,
Fig. 2).
Op'::i1
the
bleeder valve.
12.8
Open
the pressure chamber and re-
move the sample.
13.
Calculations
13.1 Determine the glass volume from the
mass
of
microspheres and the density
of
the
glass as follows:
V. =
Mig
where:
V. = glass volume,
M = mass
of
microspheres, and
g = density
of
glass.
13.2 Determine the original void volume
by subtracting the glass volume from the
bubble volume determined by air comparison
pycnometer as follows:
Vv
= Vap -
V.
where:
Vv
= original void volume, and
Va. = bubble volume.
13.3
The
total volume collapse
(V
T) for
the sam pie run
is
the volume difference be-
tween Curves I and III
at
zero pressure.
13.4 The volume collapsed at any pressure
is
the difference
in
volume observed between
Curves I and III (Fig. 2) at
that
pressure.
10.00
voe
D 3102
where:
Vp = volume collapsed at any pressure, and
VT = total volume collapse.
13.5 Calculate the fractional volume col-
lapse at any pressure as follows:
Fa
=
V.IV,
where:
Fa
fractional volume collapse,
Vp = volume collapsed at any pressure, and
V, = original void volume.
13.6
Fax
100 = void volume collapse,
percent.
14.
Report
14.1
Report
the void volume collapse as
percent
of
the original void volume.
14.2 The
report
shall also include the fol-
lowing:
14.2.1
Complete
identification
of
the ma-
terial tested, including manufacturer, source,
code, catalog,
or
identification
number,
14.2.2
Date
of
test,
and
14.2.3
Name
of
person testing.
15.
PrecIsion
and
Accuracy
15.1 The precision
of
this practice
is
being
established.
15.2 This practice has no known basis and
is
generally used as a referee method.
10.00
HV
Output
Hydraul
i c
Oi
I
Reservoi
r
0-10.00
HV
Output
x-v
Recorde
r
0-10.00
cc
Oisplacemen~
;Jri
I/t.: .......
to,.
Sy."te"
Pressure
Pump
FIG.
1 Scbematic
of
Isostatic Pressure Testing Apparatus.
3

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作者:Carl 分类:国外协会 价格:8星币 属性:4 页 大小:158.08KB 格式:PDF 时间:2024-09-03

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