AMPP SP21474-2023 External Corrosion Control of On - Grade Carbon Steel Storage Tank Bottoms 地上式碳钢储罐罐底的外部腐蚀控制

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AMPP SP21474-2023

Approved May 31, 2023

External Corrosion Control of On-Grade

Carbon Steel Storage Tank Bottoms

reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording,

or otherwise) without the prior written permission of AMPP.

AMPP SP21474-2023

External Corrosion Control of On-Grade

Carbon Steel Storage Tank Bottoms

This AMPP standard represents a consensus of those individual members who have reviewed this docu-

ment, its scope, and provisions. Its acceptance does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he or

she has adopted the standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, pro-

cesses, or procedures not in conformance with this standard. Nothing contained in this AMPP standard is

to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, to manufacture, sell, or use in connection

with any method, apparatus, or product covered by Letters Patent, or as indemnifying or protecting anyone

against liability for infringement of Letters Patent. This standard represents minimum requirements and

should in no way be interpreted as a restriction on the use of better procedures or materials. Neither is this

standard intended to apply in all cases relating to the subject. Unpredictable circumstances may negate the

usefulness of this standard in specic instances. AMPP assumes no responsibility for the interpretation or

use of this standard by other parties and accepts responsibility for only those ofcial AMPP interpretations

issued by AMPP in accordance with its governing procedures and policies which preclude the issuance of

interpretations by individual volunteers.

Users of this AMPP standard are responsible for reviewing appropriate health, safety, environmental, and

regulatory documents and for determining their applicability in relation to this standard prior to its use. This

AMPP standard may not necessarily address all potential health and safety problems, or environmental haz-

ards associated with the use of materials, equipment, and/or operations detailed or referred to within this

standard. Users of this AMPP standard are also responsible for establishing appropriate health, safety, and

environmental protection practices, in consultation with appropriate regulatory authorities, if necessary, to

achieve compliance with any existing applicable regulatory requirements prior to the use of this standard.

CAUTIONARY NOTICE: AMPP standards are subject to periodic review and may be revised or withdrawn

at any time in accordance with AMPP technical committee procedures. AMPP requires that action be taken

to reafrm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than ve years from the date of initial publication and

subsequently from the date of each reafrmation or revision. The user is cautioned to obtain the latest

edition. Purchasers of AMPP standards may receive current information on all standards and other AMPP/

NACE/SSPC publications by contacting AMPP Customer Support, 15835 Park Ten Place, Houston, Texas

77084-5145 (Tel: +1-281-228-6200, email: customersupport@ampp.org).

Document History:

2023-05-31: Approved by AMPP Standards Committee (SC) 15, Pipelines & Tanks

AMPP values your input. To provide feedback on this standard, please contact: standards@ampp.org

AMPP SP21474-2023

External Corrosion Control of On-Grade

Carbon Steel Storage Tank Bottoms

Foreword, Scope, Rationale ............................................................................................................................................5

Referenced Standards and Other Consensus Documents .............................................................................................5

Section 1 General .....................................................................................................................................................6

Section 2 Denitions .................................................................................................................................................7

Section 3 External Corrosion of Aboveground Steel Storage Tank Bottoms .............................................................8

3.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................8

3.2 Corrosion Mechanisms ...............................................................................................................9

3.3 Dissimilar Soils Corrosion ...........................................................................................................9

3.4 Differential Oxygen Concentration Corrosion Cells .....................................................................9

3.5 Important Engineering Considerations Affecting External Tank Bottom Corrosion .....................9

3.6 Increased Rates of Corrosion Due to Elevated Tank Bottom Temperatures .............................10

Section 4 Tank Pad Specications and Installation Practices ................................................................................. 11

4.1 Introduction ...............................................................................................................................11

4.2 Tank Pad Option........................................................................................................................11

4.3 Sand Tank Pad Material Specication .......................................................................................13

4.4 Sand Tank Pad Installation Control Practices ...........................................................................15

Section 5 Relevant Corrosion Control Considerations for Tank Foundation and Bottom Construction ..................15

5.1 Introduction. ..............................................................................................................................15

5.2 Corrosion Control Considerations for Typical AST Foundation Congurations. ........................ 16

5.3 Corrosion Control Considerations for Typical Tank Bottom Types ............................................18

Section 6 Determination of Need for Supplemental Corrosion Control Systems ....................................................22

6.1 Introduction ...............................................................................................................................22

6.2 Potential Prerequisites for Supplemental Corrosion Control ..................................................... 22

6.3 Indicators of Reduction in External Corrosion Control ..............................................................23

6.4 Processes to Determine Applicability of Supplemental Corrosion Control Systems .................23

6.5 Risk-Based Determination of Need for Supplemental Corrosion Systems ...............................24

Section 7 Technologies to Evaluate and Monitor External Side Corrosion on Tank Bottoms .................................24

7.1 Introduction ...............................................................................................................................24

7.2 Tank Pad Electrolyte Evaluation and Characterization .............................................................25

7.3 Long-term Corrosion Rate Monitoring ....................................................................................... 26

7.4 Corrosion Coupons ...................................................................................................................27

7.5 Electrical Resistance (ER) Probes ............................................................................................28

7.6 Ultrasonic Transducer (UT) Probes ...........................................................................................29

Section 8 Vapor Corrosion Inhibitor Technologies and Application for Tank Bottoms .............................................30

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摘要：

This SEO-optimized description introduces AMPP SP21474-2023, the authoritative standard for external corrosion control of on-grade carbon steel storage tank bottoms. It provides comprehensive guidelines for preventing, detecting, and mitigating corro

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AMPP SP21474-2023 External Corrosion Control of On - Grade Carbon Steel Storage Tank Bottoms 地上式碳钢储罐罐底的外部腐蚀控制

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