AASHTO M 146-91(2012)

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Standard Specification for

Terms Relating to Subgrade,

Soil-Aggregate, and Fill Materials

AASHTO Designation: M 146-91 (2012)

American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials

444 North Capitol Street N.W., Suite 249

Washington, D.C. 20001

TS-1b M 146-1 AASHTO

Standard Specification for

Terms Relating to Subgrade,

Soil-Aggregate, and Fill Materials

AASHTO Designation: M 146-91 (2012)

1. SCOPE

1.1. These definitions cover terms used in descriptions and specifications of materials occurring as or

employed in the construction of subgrades, soil-aggregate base and surface courses, and fills.

1.2. The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.

2. TERMINOLOGY FOR ROCK AND SOIL

2.1. rock—natural solid mineral matter occurring in large masses or fragments.

2.2. soil—sediments or other unconsolidated accumulations of solid particles produced by the physical

and chemical disintegration of rocks, and that may or may not contain organic matter.

2.3. broken rock—angular fragments of rock that will be retained on a 75-mm (3-in.) sieve.

2.4. cobble (cobblestone)—a rock fragment, usually rounded or semirounded, with an average

dimension between 75 and 305 mm (3 and 12 in.).

2.5. boulder—a rock fragment, usually rounded by weathering or abrasion, with an average dimension

of 305 mm (12 in.) or more.

3. TERMINOLOGY FOR SOIL-AGGREGATE AND ITS COMPONENTS

3.1. soil-aggregate (dense-graded aggregate)—natural or prepared mixtures consisting predominately

of stone, gravel, or sand and containing silt-clay (minus 75-µm (No. 200) material).

3.2. binder (soil binder)—portion of soil passing 0.425-mm (No. 40) sieve.

3.3. stone—crushed or naturally angular particles of rock that will pass a 75-mm (3-in.) sieve and be

retained on a 2.00-mm (No. 10) sieve.

3.3.1. coarse stone—stone passing the 75-mm (3-in.) sieve and retained on the 25.0-mm (1-in.) sieve.

3.3.2. medium stone—stone passing the 25.0-mm (1-in.) sieve and retained on the 9.5-mm (3/8-in.) sieve.

3.3.3. fine stone—stone passing the 9.5-mm (3/8-in.) sieve and retained on the 2.00-mm (No. 10) sieve.

3.4. gravel—rounded particles of rock that will pass a 75-mm (3-in.) sieve and be retained on a

2.00-mm (No. 10) sieve.

TS-1b M 146-2 AASHTO

3.4.1. coarse gravel—gravel passing the 75-mm (3-in.) sieve and retained on the 25.0-mm (1-in.) sieve.

3.4.2. medium gravel—gravel passing the 25.0-mm (1-in.) sieve and retained on the 9.5-mm

(3/8-in.) sieve.

3.4.3. fine gravel—gravel passing the 9.5-mm (3/8-in.) sieve and retained on the 2.00-mm (No. 10) sieve.

3.5. sand—granular material resulting from the disintegration, grinding, or crushing of rock and that

will pass the 2.00-mm (No. 10) sieve and be retained on the 75-µm (No. 200) sieve.

3.5.1. coarse sand—sand passing the 2.00-mm (No. 10) sieve and retained on the 0.425-mm

(No. 40) sieve.

3.5.2. fine sand—sand passing the 0.425-mm (No. 40) sieve and retained on the 75-µm

(No. 200) sieve.

3.6. silt-clay (minus 75-µm (No. 200) material)—fine soil particles that will pass the 75-µm

(No. 200) sieve.

3.6.1. silt fraction—material passing the 75-µm (No. 200) sieve and larger than 0.002 mm.

3.6.2. clay fraction—material smaller than 0.002 mm.

3.6.3. colloids—material smaller than 0.001 mm.

4. TERMINOLOGY FOR PAVEMENT SUBSTRUCTURE COMPONENTS

4.1. embankment foundation—the material on which an embankment is placed.

4.2. embankment (fill)—a raised structure of soil, soil-aggregate, or rock.

4.3. subgrade (basement soil)—the prepared and compacted soil immediately below the pavement

system and extending to such depth as will affect the structural design.

4.4. subbase—the layer used in the pavement system between the subgrade and the base course.

4.5. base—the layer used in a pavement system to reinforce and protect the subgrade or subbase.

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摘要：

AASHTO M 146-91(2012) 是美国国家公路与运输协会（AASHTO）发布的一项标准规范，全称为“Standard Specification for Terms Relating to Materials for Roads and Structures”（道路与结构材料相关术语标准规范）。该标准最初于1991年制定，并于2012年重新确认，旨在统一和定义道路建设、桥梁工程及相关土木结构中所使用的材料术语，包括骨料、混凝土、沥青、土壤等关键建筑材料的标准化称谓与分类。通过提供清晰

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