EN 1993-1-9:2025 (E)
2
Contents Page
European foreword ............................................................................................................................................ 4
0 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 6
1 Scope .......................................................................................................................................................... 9
1.1 Scope of EN 1993-1-9 ........................................................................................................................... 9
1.2 Assumptions ........................................................................................................................................... 9
2 Normative references ........................................................................................................................ 10
3 Terms, definitions and symbols .................................................................................................... 10
3.1 Terms and definitions ....................................................................................................................... 10
3.1.1 General.................................................................................................................................................... 10
3.1.2 Fatigue actions ..................................................................................................................................... 15
3.1.3 Fatigue action effect ........................................................................................................................... 17
3.1.4 Fatigue resistance ............................................................................................................................... 20
3.1.5 Fatigue verification ............................................................................................................................ 25
3.2 Symbols .................................................................................................................................................. 26
3.2.1 Latin upper-case letters .................................................................................................................... 26
3.2.2 Latin lower-case letters .................................................................................................................... 27
3.2.3 Greek upper-case letters .................................................................................................................. 27
3.2.4 Greek lower-case letters .................................................................................................................. 28
4 Basis of fatigue design ....................................................................................................................... 28
5 Fatigue design concepts .................................................................................................................... 29
6 Fatigue design methods .................................................................................................................... 30
6.1 Design stress methods ...................................................................................................................... 30
6.2 Verification methods ......................................................................................................................... 30
7 Fatigue action effect ........................................................................................................................... 31
7.1 Calculation of nominal stresses ..................................................................................................... 31
7.2 Relevant nominal stresses ............................................................................................................... 32
7.3 Calculation of nominal stress ranges ........................................................................................... 35
7.3.1 General.................................................................................................................................................... 35
7.3.2 Design value of nominal stress range .......................................................................................... 35
7.4 Effective design value of stress range .......................................................................................... 36
8 Fatigue resistance ............................................................................................................................... 37
8.1 Fatigue resistance curves ................................................................................................................. 37
8.2 Classification of constructional details ....................................................................................... 43
8.3 Fatigue resistance modifications .................................................................................................. 44
8.3.1 Size effect ............................................................................................................................................... 44
8.3.2 Post-fabrication treatment .............................................................................................................. 44
9 Fatigue verification ............................................................................................................................ 45
9.1 Verification with respect to elastic behaviour ......................................................................... 45
9.2 Verification with respect to reference value of fatigue resistance ................................... 45
9.3 Verification with respect to fatigue limit ................................................................................... 46
9.4 Verification for multiaxial fatigue ................................................................................................ 46
10 Classified constructional details for the nominal stress method ...................................... 47
Annex A (normative) Verification using cumulative linear damage model ............................... 82
A.1 Use of this annex ................................................................................................................................. 82
A.2 Scope and field of application ........................................................................................................ 82