AATCC TM159-2017e Test Method for Transfer of Acid and Premetallized Acid Dyes on Nylon 尼龙上酸性和预金属化酸性染料转移的试验方法

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308 AATCC TM159-2017e AATCC Manual of International Test Methods and Procedures/2023

Developed in 1979 by AATCC Commit-

tee RA87; editorially revised and reaf-

firmed 1984, 1989 (title change), 1994,

1999; editorially revised 1985, 1987,

1997, 2004, 2010, 2019; reaffirmed

2006; revised 2011, 2017.

1. Purpose and Scope

1.1 This test method evaluates the

transfer of an acid (anionic) or premetal-

ized dye from a dyed to an undyed nylon

substrate under mock dyebath conditions.

A general method of dyeing acid dyes on

nylon is included for uniformity of dye-

ing procedure.

2. Principle

2.1 A test specimen of nylon fabric is

dyed to 1/1 standard depth with the dye to

be evaluated. Part of the dyed fabric to-

gether with an equal weight of undyed

fabric is subjected to transfer in a mock

dyebath.

2.2 Transfer is made at pH 4.5, 6.0 and

7.5, and at a temperature of 95°C.

3. Terminology

3.1 acid dye, n.—an anionic dye hav-

ing substantivity for fibers which contain

cationic groups usually in acidic or neu-

tral aqueous dyebaths.

3.2 premetallized acid dye, n.—an

acid dye manufactured by reacting an

equivalent of a suitable metal ion with

one equivalent of a dye (1:1 premetal-

lized acid dye), or with two equivalents

of the same or different dyes (1:2 premet-

allized acid dyes), capable of chelating

the metal.

3.3 transfer, n.—in textile processing,

testing, storage and use, movement of a

chemical, dye or pigment between fibers

within a substrate or between substrates

(see also migration, leveling).

4. Safety Precautions

NOTE: These safety precautions are

for information purposes only. The pre-

cautions are ancillary to the testing proce-

dures and are not intended to be all inclu-

sive. It is the user’s responsibility to use

safe and proper techniques in handling

materials in this test method. Manufac-

turers MUST be consulted for specific

details such as material safety data sheets

and other manufacturer’s recommenda-

tions. All OSHA standards and rules

must also be consulted and followed.

4.1 Good laboratory practices should

be followed. Wear safety glasses in all

laboratory areas and a single-use dust res-

pirator while handling powder dyes.

4.2 All chemicals should be handled

with care. Use chemical goggles or face

shield, impervious gloves and an imper-

vious apron when dispensing concen-

trated acids and sodium hydroxide.

4.3 An eyewash/safety shower should

be located nearby and an organic vapor

respirator with full facepiece should be

readily available for emergency use.

4.4 Exposure to chemicals used in this

procedure must be controlled at or below

levels set by governmental authorities

(e.g., Occupational Safety and Health

Administration’s [OSHA] permissible ex-

posure limits [PEL] as found in 29 CFR

1910.1000; see web site: www.osha.gov

for latest version). In addition, the Ameri-

can Conference of Governmental Indus-

trial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold

Limit Values (TLVs) comprised of time

weighted averages (TLV-TWA), short

term exposure limits (TLV-STEL) and

ceiling limits (TLV-C) are recommended

as a general guide for air contaminant ex-

posure which should be met (see 9.1).

5. Apparatus and Materials

5.1 Dyed nylon.

5.2 Undyed nylon (from same piece as

dyed sample).

5.3 Nonionic surfactant.

5.4 Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3).

5.5 Phosphoric acid (usually 85%)

(H3PO4).

5.6 Acetic acid, glacial (CH3COOH).

5.7 Boric acid (H3BO3).

5.8 Sodium hydroxide (NaOH).

5.9 Acetic acid, 56% (CH3COOH).

5.10 EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraace-

tic acid, tetrasodium salt, 100% powder).

5.11 Means of evaluating color change

of specimen.

5.11.1 Gray Scale for Color Change

(AATCC EP1) (see 9.2), or

5.11.2 Spectrophotometer meeting any

one of the geometric definitions de-

scribed in CIE publication 15.2,

subclause 1.4 (see 9.3).

5.12 Means of evaluating color stain-

ing on specimen

5.12.1 Gray Scale for Staining

(AATCC EP2) (see 9.2), or

5.12.2 AATCC 9-Step Chromatic

Transference Scale (AATCC EP8) (see

9.2), or

5.12.3 Spectrophotometer meeting any

one of the geometric definitions de-

scribed in CIE publication 15.2,

subclause 1.4 (see 9.3).

6. Procedure

6.1 Fabric Preparation.

6.1.1 Scour undyed fabric in a bath

containing 1.5 g/L nonionic surfactant

(5.3) and 1.5 g/L sodium carbonate for 30

min at 50-60°C.

6.1.2 Rinse thoroughly in water.

6.1.3 Neutralize with acetic acid, 1

mL/L 56% acetic acid.

6.1.4 Final rinse in water.

6.1.5 Air dry.

6.2 Dyeing Procedure.

6.2.1 Set 30:1 bath at 38°C (100°F);

X.XX% dye; 0.25% EDTA sequestrant

(omit for neutral premetallized dyes; and

2.00% acetic acid [56%]).

6.2.2 Enter nylon substrate (cloth,

yarn, stock) at 38-48°C.

6.2.3 Raise temperature to boil at

1.5°C/min.

6.2.4 Dye at or near boil for 45 min.

6.2.5 If necessary, add an additional

1.0% acetic acid (56%) to exhaust dye.

6.2.6 Run an additional 15 min.

6.2.7 Rinse in hot 80-90°C water, then

in 38°C water.

6.2.8 Air dry.

6.3 Transfer Bath Preparation (see Ap-

pendix I).

6.3.1 Prepare 200 mL mock dyebaths

(one for each dye to be tested) for pH 4.5,

6.0 and 7.5 as described in Appendix I.

6.3.2 Add one 5 g piece of dyed fabric

and one 5 g piece of undyed fabric to

each mock dyebath; B/F = 20/1.

6.3.3 It has been shown that the degree

of agitation is a contributing factor affect-

ing the rate of diffusion of dyes into and

out of a substrate. Agitation should be the

same for all comparative experiments.

6.3.4 Raise temperature at 2°C/min to

95°C/min (5°F/min to 203°F/min) and

run with agitation for 50 min. Save the

bath (see 6.3.6).

6.3.5 Remove both pieces of fabric.

Rinse with water and air dry.

6.3.6 Measure pHs of part of the trans-

fer baths at room temperature and record

in the table attached.

6.3.7 Add a piece of undyed nylon to

the transfer bath and exhaust using the

conditions outlined in 6.3.4. Adjust pH to

4.5 to accomplish. Record pH in table.

7. Evaluation and Reporting

7.1 Comparison of Dyes at pH 4.5.

7.1.1 For best observations, samples

should be butted together on white board

as shown in Fig. 1.

7.1.2 Mount pH 6.0 and 7.5 samples

similarly.

AATCC TM159-2017e

Test Method for Transfer of Acid and Premetallized Acid Dyes on Nylon

Provided by Accuris under license with AATCC

Licensee=Underwriters Laboratories - Ho Chi Ming City, Vie/5909636157, User=Le,

Not for Resale, 11/23/2023 20:10:19 MST

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from Accuris

--``,`,,,``,,```,`,,,,,,`````,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

AATCC Manual of International Test Methods and Procedures/2023 AATCC TM159-2017e 309

7.2 Comparison of Dye A at pH 4.5,

6.0 and 7.5.

7.2.1 Mount samples on white board as

shown in Fig. 2.

7.2.2 Mount Dye B and Dye C samples

similarly.

7.3 Comparison of Shade.

7.3.1 Rate the degree of color differ-

ence between “to” and “from” samples

using the Gray Scale for Color Change

(AATCC EP1) or AATCC EP7, Instru-

mental Assessment of the Change in

Color of a Test Specimen (see 9.2).

Record the appropriate rating.

7.4 Exhaust Example Evaluation.

7.4.1 Rate the degree of staining on the

“Exhaust” sample using the Gray Scale

for Staining (AATCC EP2) or AATCC 9-

Step Chromatic Transference Scale

(AATCC EP8) or AATCC EP12, Instru-

mental Assessment of Degree of Staining

(see 9.2). Record the appropriate numeri-

cal rating.

7.5 Record type of nylon and manufac-

turer on all test boards.

8. Precision and Bias

8.1 Precision. Precision for this test

method has not been established. Until a

precision statement is generated for this

method, use standard statistical tech-

niques in making any comparisons of test

results for either within-laboratory or

between-laboratory averages.

8.2 Bias. The transfer of acid and pre-

metalized acid dyes on nylon can be de-

fined only in terms of a test method.

There is no independent method for de-

termining the true value. As a means of

estimating this property, the method has

no known bias.

9. Notes

9.1 Available from Publications Office,

ACGIH, Kemper Woods Center, 1330 Kemper

Meadow Dr., Cincinnati OH 45240; tel: +1.

513.742.2020; web site: www.acgih.org.

9.2 Available from AATCC Technical Cen-

ter, P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park

NC 27709; tel: +1.919.549.8141; fax: +1.919.

549.8933; e-mail: ordering@aatcc.org; web

site: www.aatcc.org.

9.3 CIE Publication 15:2004 Colorimetry,

3rd Edition. Available through the US Na-

tional Committee of the CIE or via the CIE

webshop (www.techstreet.com/cie/).

Appendix I

Preparation of Buffered Mock Dyebaths

A1. Prepare two solutions as follows

using distilled water (tap water can be

used if distilled water is not available):

SOLUTION A—5 g phosphoric acid

(100%); 2.4 g acetic acid (100%); and

1.76 g boric acid (HBO2 100%). Make to

1L of solution.

SOLUTION B—8 g sodium hydroxide.

Make to 1L of solution.

A1.1 Prepare mock dyebaths as shown

in Table I using a pH meter. The amount

of Solution B required to obtain the de-

sired pH may vary slightly. Add Solution

B to Solution A, checking end point with

pH meter. Dilute to 600 mL with deion-

ized water. This is sufficient for three

mock dyebaths at each pH value.

Table I—Preparation of Mock Dyebaths

Solution

pH 4.5 100 mL ca. 35 mL 600 mL

pH 6.0 100 mL ca. 50 mL 600 mL

pH 7.5 100 mL ca. 10 mL 600 mL

Fig. 1—Mounting for comparison of dyes at pH 4.5.

Fig. 2—Mounting for comparison of Dye A at pH 4.5, 6.0, and 7.5.

Provided by Accuris under license with AATCC

Licensee=Underwriters Laboratories - Ho Chi Ming City, Vie/5909636157, User=Le,

Not for Resale, 11/23/2023 20:10:19 MST

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from Accuris

--``,`,,,``,,```,`,,,,,,`````,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

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该标准规范文档标题为“AATCC TM159-2017e Test Method for Transfer of Acid and Premetallized Acid Dyes on Nylon 尼龙上酸性和预金属化酸性染料转移的试验方法”，主要涉及纺织行业中针对尼龙织物的染料转移性能评估。该试验方法由美国纺织化学师与染色师协会（AATCC）发布，适用于酸性染料和预金属化酸性染料在尼龙纤维上的转移行为检测。通过模拟实际染色或湿处理过程中的条件，该标准有助于评估染料在尼龙表面的迁移程度、色牢度及

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AATCC TM159-2017e Test Method for Transfer of Acid and Premetallized Acid Dyes on Nylon 尼龙上酸性和预金属化酸性染料转移的试验方法

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