AATCC TM165-1999e10(2021)e Test Method for Colorfastness to CrockingTextile Floor Coverings—Crockmeter 织物地板覆盖物耐Crocking色牢度试验方法Crockmeter

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320 AATCC TM165-1999e10(2021)e AATCC Manual of International Test Methods and Procedures/2023

1. Purpose and Scope

1.1 This test method is designed to de-

termine the degree of color transfer from

the surface of textile floor coverings to

other surfaces by rubbing. The intent is to

reproduce as near as possible true-to-life

situations in all constructions whether

dyed, printed or otherwise colored.

1.2 Test procedures employing white

test cloths, both dry and wet with water,

are given.

1.3 As the use surface of a textile floor

covering may be exposed to various con-

ditions in true-to-life situations, such as

soil, stains, cleaning, shampooing and ap-

plication of chemical treatments such as

antisoils, antistats, antimicrobials, etc.,

the test may be made before, after or be-

fore and after such situations.

2. Principle

2.1 A colored test specimen held on

the base of a crockmeter is rubbed with a

white test cloth under controlled conditions.

2.2 Color transferred to the white test

cloth is rated by comparison with the

AATCC 9-Step Chromatic Transference

Scale or Gray Scale for Staining and a

grade is assigned.

3. Terminology

3.1 carpet, n.—all textile floor cover-

ings not designated as rugs.

3.2 colorfastness, n.—the resistance of

a material to change in any of its color

characteristics, to transfer of its colo-

rants(s) to adjacent materials or both, as a

result of the exposure of the material to

any environment that might be encoun-

tered during the processing, testing, stor-

age or use of the material.

3.3 crocking, n.—a transfer of colo-

rant from the surface of a colored yarn or

fabric to another surface or to an adjacent

area of the same fabric principally by

rubbing.

3.4 rug, n.—a textile floor covering of

limited area which is complete in itself

and is intended for use as a partial cover-

ing of a floor or another floor covering.

3.5 textile floor covering, n.—an arti-

cle having a use-surface composed of

textile material and generally used for

covering floors.

3.6 use-surface, n.—of textile floor

covering, the part of a textile floor cover-

ing directly exposed to foot traffic.

4. Safety Precautions

NOTE: These safety precautions are for

information purposes only. These safety

precautions are ancillary to the testing

procedures and are not intended to be all

inclusive. It is the user’s responsibility to

use safe and proper techniques in han-

dling materials in this test method. Manu-

facturers MUST be consulted for specific

details such as material safety data sheets

and other manufacturer’s recommenda-

tions. All OSHA standards and rules must

also be consulted and followed.

4.1 Good laboratory practices should

be followed. Wear safety glasses in all

laboratory areas.

5. Apparatus and Materials (see 13.1)

5.1 Crockmeter (see 13.2 and 13.3).

5.2 Crock Block (see 13.3).

5.3 Crockmeter Test Cloth (see 13.4).

5.4 AATCC 9-Step Chromatic Trans-

ference Scale (AATCC EP8) (see 13.5).

5.5 Gray Scale for Staining (AATCC

EP 2) (see 13.5).

5.6 White AATCC Textile Blotting

Paper (see 13.5).

6. Test Specimens

6.1 Two specimens are used, one each

for the dry and the wet tests.

6.1.1 Additional specimens may be used

to increase the precision of the average.

6.2 Floor covering material: pieces at

least 50 × 150 mm. If the pile lay is dis-

tinguishable, cut the specimen with the

pile lay pointing in the long direction.

6.2.1 Larger or full width lab samples

may be used without cutting individual

specimens, when multiple tests are

needed and when using for production

testing.

7. Verification

7.1 Verification checks on the opera-

tion of the test and the apparatus should

be made routinely and the results kept in

a log. The following observations and

corrective actions are extremely impor-

tant to avoid incorrect test results where

abnormal crock images can result and in-

fluence the rating process.

7.2 Use an in-house poor crocking car-

pet or rug as a calibration specimen and

conduct three dry crock tests.

7.2.1 A double, elongated image may

indicate a loose sleeve.

7.2.2 A stretched and streaked crock

image may be due to mounting the crock

test cloth diagonally.

7.2.3 Arc shaped indentions in the

crocked area of the test cloth may indi-

cate the crock block is mounted improp-

erly, most likely perpendicular to the

specified placement (see 13.3).

7.3 Replace the abrasive paper on the

tester base if it is smooth to the touch in

the crocking area compared to the adja-

cent area, or if slippage of the specimen

is noticed.

8. Conditioning

8.1 Prior to testing, condition the test

specimens and the crock test cloth for dry

crock testing as directed in ASTM

D1776, Standard Practice for Condition-

ing and Testing Textiles. Condition each

specimen for at least 4 h in an atmosphere

of 21 ± 2°C (70 ± 4°C) and 65 ± 5% RH

by laying each test specimen or crock test

cloth separately on a screen or perforated

shelf of conditioning rack.

9. Procedures

9.1 Dry Crocking Test.

9.1.1 Place a test specimen on the base

of the crockmeter so that it rests flat on

the abrasive cloth with its long dimension

in the direction of rubbing (see 13.5). The

pile lay should point to the back of the

crockmeter if direction of pile is distin-

guishable.

9.1.2 Mount a 25 × 100 mm swatch of

white cotton test cloth over the rubbing

surface of the crock block. The test cloth

should be mounted so that the long di-

mension will be moving in the long direc-

tion during the test. This operation can be

carried out with the crock block attached

to the weighted arm of the crockmeter us-

ing an Allen socket cap screw (see 13.6)

or with the crock block detached from the

arm and inverted in a suitable crock block

holder (see 13.3 and 13.7). Fasten the test

cloth to the crock block by means of a

rectangular sleeve that slips over the cot-

ton fabric on the crock block. When

ready for testing, the test cloth on the

crock block projects downward from the

reciprocating arm of the crockmeter.

CAUTION: Do not drop the crock block.

Nicks or dents on the rubbing surfaces

might be irreparable. Handle With Care.

9.1.3 Lower the covered crock block

AATCC TM165-1999e10(2021)e

Test Method for Colorfastness to Crocking:

Textile Floor Coverings—Crockmeter

Provided by Accuris under license with AATCC

Licensee=Underwriters Laboratories - Ho Chi Ming City, Vie/5909636157, User=Le,

Not for Resale, 11/23/2023 20:10:19 MST

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from Accuris

--``,`,,,``,,```,`,,,,,,`````,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

AATCC Manual of International Test Methods and Procedures/2023 AATCC TM165-1999e10(2021)e 321

gently onto the test specimen. While

holding the specimen firmly with ex-

tended thumb and forefinger of the left

hand, execute ten (10) complete turns of

the crank at the rate of one (1) turn per s.

9.1.4 Remove the white test cloth, con-

dition (see 8.1) and evaluate as directed

in Section 10. In the case of napped,

brushed or sheared material when loose

fiber might interfere with the ratings, re-

move the extraneous fibrous material by

pressing lightly on the crock area with the

sticky side of clear self-adhesive tape be-

fore evaluating.

9.2 Wet Crocking Test.

9.2.1 Thoroughly wet the white test

cloth in distilled water.

9.2.2 By any convenient means, such

as squeezing between filter papers

through a hand wringer, bring the wet

pickup to 65 ± 5% based on the condi-

tioned weight of the dry test cloth under

standard conditions (21 ± 2°C [70° ± 4°F]

and 65 ± 5% RH) before testing (see 13.8).

9.2.3 Take care to prevent evaporation

which would reduce the moisture content

below the specified level before the ac-

tual crock test is run.

9.2.4 Continue testing as directed in 9.1.

9.2.5 Air-dry the test cloth before eval-

uating. In the case of napped, brushed or

sheared material when loose fiber might

interfere with the rating, remove the ex-

traneous fibrous material by pressing

lightly on the test cloth with the sticky

side of clear self-adhesive tape before

evaluating.

10. Evaluation

10.1 Evaluate the amount of color

transferred from the specimen to the

white test cloth under examination by

comparison with the Gray Scale for

Staining (AATCC EP2), the AATCC 9-

Step Chromatic Transference Scale

(AATCC EP8) or Instrumental Assess-

ment of Degree of Staining (AATCC

EP12), and record the numerical rating

that corresponds to the appropriate one

on either of them (see 13.5 and 13.9).

10.2 Place the test cloth on three layers

of clean white cloth for the evaluation.

10.3 Classify dry and wet fastness to

crocking. Different ratings may result de-

pending upon whether the Gray Scale for

Staining or AATCC 9-Step Chromatic

Transference Scale is used for the evalua-

tion. It is, therefore, important to report

which scale was used. For very critical

evaluations and in cases of arbitration,

ratings must be based on the Gray Scale

for Staining:

11. Report

11.1 Identify the sample tested.

11.2 Report the grade determined in

10.3.

11.3 Indicate whether dry or wet

crocking was performed.

11.4 Indicate whether AATCC EP2 or

AATCC EP8 was used for evaluating

crocking (see 10.3).

11.5 If the carpet or rug was subjected

to the conditions in 1.3 state this in the

report.

12. Precision and Bias (see 13.9)

12.1 Precision. An interlaboratory test

was conducted in 1997 to establish the

precision of the test method. Testing was

conducted under the normal atmospheric

conditions of each laboratory and not

necessarily under ASTM standard condi-

tions. Two operators at each of four labo-

ratories tested and rated six fabrics on

two consecutive days, both wet and dry

crock. Rating was performed using the

Gray Scale for Staining and the AATCC

9-Step Chromatic Transference Scale.

12.1.1 The results for one operator

chosen from each laboratory were evalu-

ated in an ANOVA two factor with repli-

cation analysis. The components of vari-

ance are given in Table I.

12.1.2 Critical differences are given in

Table II.

12.1.3 Example for determining be-

tween-laboratory differences using one

observer and the Chromatic Scale are

given in Table III.

Interpretation: For the dry crock test, be-

cause the difference between labs is less

than the critical difference in 12.1.2

(0.63), the difference in results is not sig-

nificant. For the wet crock test, since the

difference is greater than the critical dif-

ference (0.86), the difference in results is

significant.

12.2 Bias. The true value of colorfast-

ness to crocking can only be defined in

terms of a test method. Within this limita-

tion, this test method has no known bias.

13. Notes

13.1 For potential equipment information

pertaining to this test method, please visit

the online AATCC Buyer’s Guide at www.

Table III—Crock Test Results

Dry Wet

Laboratory A 4.0 4.0

Laboratory B 3.5 3.0

Difference 0.5 1.0

Table I—Components of Variance

Dry Wet

Gray Chromatic Gray Chromatic

Within-Laboratory 0.0312 0.0417 0.12500.0938

Interaction 0.0135 0.0403 -0.0201--0.0031-

Between-Laboratory 0.0264 0.0101 0.0028 0.0031

Table II–Critical Differences

For the components of variance in Table I, two averages of observed values should be considered signifi-

cantly different at the 95% probability level if the difference equals or exceeds the following critical differences.

Single Fabric

No. of

Observation

Dry Wet

Gray Chromatic Gray Chromatic

Within-Laboratory 1 0.49 0.56 0.98 0.85

3 0.28 0.33 0.68 0.49

5 0.22 0.25 0.44 0.38

Between-Laboratory 1 0.66 0.63 0.99 0.86

3 0.53 0.43 0.58 0.51

5 0.50 0.38 0.46 0.41

Multiple Fabric

No. of

Observation

Dry Wet

Gray Chromatic Gray Chromatic

Within-Laboratory 1 0.59 0.79 0.98 0.85

3 0.43 0.64 0.68 0.49

5 0.39 0.61 0.44 0.38

Between-Laboratory 1 0.74 0.84 0.99 0.86

3 0.62 0.70 0.58 0.51

5 0.60 0.67 0.46 0.41

Provided by Accuris under license with AATCC

Licensee=Underwriters Laboratories - Ho Chi Ming City, Vie/5909636157, User=Le,

Not for Resale, 11/23/2023 20:10:19 MST

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from Accuris

--``,`,,,``,,```,`,,,,,,`````,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

322 AATCC TM165-1999e10(2021)e AATCC Manual of International Test Methods and Procedures/2023

aatcc.org/bg. AATCC provides the possibility

of listing equipment and materials sold by its

Corporate members, but AATCC does not

qualify, or in any way approve, endorse or cer-

tify that any of the listed equipment or

materials meets the requirements in its test

methods.

13.2 The Crockmeter provides a reciprocat-

ing rubbing motion simulating the action of a

human finger and forearm. The counting de-

vice is useful when prolonged rubbings are re-

quired and is available at extra cost.

13.3 The Crockmeter is so designed that the

crock block with rectangular rubbing surface

19.0 × 25.4 mm moves back and forth, with

each complete turn of the crank along a

straight path approximately 100 mm in length

on a textile floor covering specimen with a

downward force in the order of 9 Newtons.

The crock block must be mounted in one di-

rection only; a cutout in the side of the stem

receives the screw that holds it in the recipro-

cating arm. The flat head screw can be re-

placed by an Allen socket cap screw (see 13.6)

or similar device that can be tightened and re-

leased by hand. A crock block holder can also

be used to assist in the mounting of the cotton

test cloth if so desired. Note that, with the rect-

angular slip-on sleeve provided with the crock

block, the test cloth can be mounted with ease

and speed while the crock block is still at-

tached to the weighted arm of the crockmeter.

13.4 Crockmeter Test Cloth should meet

the following specifications:

Fiber 100% 10.3-16.8 mm

combed cotton staple, de-

sized, bleached, with no

optical brightener or finish-

ing material present

Yarn 15 tex (40/1 cotton count),

5.9 turns/cm “z”

Thread count 32 ± 5 warp ends/cm: 33 ±

5 filling picks/cm

Weave 1/1 plain

pH 7 ± 0.5

Mass/sq meter 100 ± 3 g finished

Whiteness W = 78 ± 3 [AATCC

TM110)

13.4.1 CAUTION: ISO crock cloth results

may not be equivalent to AATCC crock cloth

results/values based on crock cloth study.

13.5 AATCC 9-Step Chromatic Transfer-

ence Scale, Gray Scale for Staining and

White AATCC Textile Blotting Paper are

available from AATCC, P.O. Box 12215,

Research Triangle Park NC 27709; tel: +1.

919.549. 8141; fax: +1.919.549.8933; e-mail:

ordering@aatcc.org; web site: www.aatcc.org.

13.6 Allen socket head cap screw, 10-32

threads, 20 mm long.

13.7 A crock block holder is simply a

weighted block with a hole bored in the top to

accommodate the 16 mm diameter stem of the

crock block when the latter has been inverted

for mounting of the test cloth.

13.8 Experienced operators do not have to

repeat this weighing procedure during a test

session once the technique is established.

13.9 The precision of this test method is de-

pendent on the combined variability of the

material being tested, the test method itself,

and the evaluation procedure utilized.

13.9.1 The precision statement shown in

Section 12 was developed from results ob-

tained by visual evaluations (AATCC EP2 and

AATCC EP8).

13.9.2 It is expected that the use of instru-

mental evaluation (EP12) will result in greater

precision than that obtained from visual evalu-

ations.

14. History

14.1 Reaffirmed and editorially revised to

include history section per the AATCC style

guide.

14.2 Editorially revised 2019, 2016; editori-

ally revised and reaffirmed 2013; editorially

revised 2011, 2010, 2009; editorially revised

and reaffirmed 2008 (with title change); edito-

rially revised 2004, 2002, 2001; revised 1999

(with title change); editorially revised 1996;

editorially revised and reaffirmed 1993; reaf-

firmed 1988, 1987.

14.3 Developed in 1986 by AATCC Com-

mittee RA57. Partly equivalent to ISO 105-X12.

Provided by Accuris under license with AATCC

Licensee=Underwriters Laboratories - Ho Chi Ming City, Vie/5909636157, User=Le,

Not for Resale, 11/23/2023 20:10:19 MST

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from Accuris

--``,`,,,``,,```,`,,,,,,`````,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

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标签： #试验方法 #覆盖物 #地板覆盖物

摘要：

该标准规范文档详细介绍了AATCC TM165-1999e10(2021)e，即用于织物地板覆盖物（如地毯）的耐Crocking（摩擦色牢度）试验方法，由美国纺织化学师与染色师协会（AATCC）发布。此方法采用Crockmeter（摩擦色牢度测试仪）对织物地板覆盖物进行干态和湿态摩擦测试，以评估颜色转移至其他表面的程度。文档涵盖了测试原理、所需设备（尤其是旋转式或往复式Crockmeter）、标准摩擦布的规格、试样制备、摩擦过程中的力度与速度控制，以及评级方式（包括使用AATCC沾色灰度卡）。本

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AATCC TM165-1999e10(2021)e Test Method for Colorfastness to CrockingTextile Floor Coverings—Crockmeter 织物地板覆盖物耐Crocking色牢度试验方法Crockmeter

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