坦桑尼亚标准治疗指南和基本药物清单 Tanzania STG Standard treatment guidelines and essential medicines list 2013

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THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA

STANDARD TREATMENT GUIDELINES

AND ESSENTIAL MEDICINES LIST

MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND SOCIAL WELFARE

FOURTH EDITION

MAY, 2013

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FOREWORD

The Standard Treatment Guidelines (STG) and the National Essential Medicine List for Tanzania

(NEMLIT) was first published in 1991. The fourth edition includes new sections on symptoms

and syndrome. The STGs have been updated and are consistent with current national guidelines

for diagnosis and management of common diseases. The guidelines also reflect changes in the

management of various diseases including asthma and hypertension following

recommendations from WHO and experts from international medical associations and agencies.

There have been improvements in the format of treatment regimens, showing more clearly the

classification of medicines by level of health care within the treatment guidelines, and not just

in the NEMLIT.

The STG and NEMLIT aims at providing health practitioners with standardized guidance in

making decisions about appropriate health care for specific conditions found in Tanzania. By

using STGs, prescribing practices can be rationalized and patient outcomes can be improved

while making optimum use of the limited resources for medicines. The NEMLIT attached to the

STG retains its purpose of identifying medicines that are considered essential for the treatment

of common disease conditions in Tanzania. The medicine list is in line with the World Health

Organization (WHO) recommendations under Tanzania conditions. It follows the principles and

concepts of essential medicines so as to simplify the management of medicines supply and

support a streamlined logistics system.

This set of tools is meant to be a guide for quick reference and its recommendations are valid

for most presentations of the conditions covered. Nevertheless, clinical judgment and

experience will always prevail for adjustment of treatment in individual cases when necessary.

This new edition of STGs provides Medicines and Therapeutics Committees (MTCs) at our health

institutions an opportunity to strengthen their role in improving therapeutics and management

of medicines in practice. MTCs are requested to promote the concepts of evidence based

selection of medicines and cost-effective treatment protocols and facilitate STGs to be applied in

their specific practice settings, translating and incorporating into local guidelines, formularies

and in-service training programmes.

The Ministry’s policy is that all public and private health workers in Tanzania will promote and

adhere to these Standard Treatment Guidelines, and that prescribing, purchasing, labeling and

dispensing of medicines should be by generic names as much as possible, and consistent with

the level classification in the STGs and NEMLIT.

It is my hope that all health workers in Tanzania will find this document a useful tool in

management of patients’ illinesses.

Hon. Dr. Hussein Mwinyi (MP)

MINISTER FOR HEALTH AND SOCIAL WELFARE

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The Ministry of Health and Social Welfare greatly appreciates the support of the Health Sector

Program Support IV in the course of development of the Standard Treatment Guidelines and

Essential Medicines List. The Ministry expresses much gratitude to the World Health

Organization (WHO) for providing the technical support in reviewing these guidelines and the

Danish Internation Developments Agency (DANIDA) for the financial support. It is anticipated

that, the guidelines will be useful as tools for health professionals.

The Ministry wishes to acknowledge the following members of the the National Medicines and

Therapeutic Committee (NMTC) for their valuable inputs, guidance and approval of the

document:

Dr. Donan W. Mmbando Chief Medical Officer and Chaiperson of the NMTC

Mr. Henry Irunde Chief Pharmacist and Secretary of NMTC

Dr. Margaret E. Mhando Director, Curative Services – MoHSW

Dr. Mohammed .A. Mohammed Director, Health Quality Assurance – MoHSW

Dr John Rwegasha Consultant Physcian (Gastroenterologist) – MNH

Dr. Daudi Mavura Consultant, Dermatologist - KCMC

Dr. Robert Mvungi Consultant Cardilogist – MNH

Mr. Emmanuel Yohana Clinical Pharmacist, Mirembe Psychatric Hospital

Mr. George Mlavwasi Head, Pharmacy Department – MNH

Dr. Baraka Nzobo Dental officer, Morogoro Regional Hospital

Dr. Charles Massambu Assistant Director, Diagnostics – MoHSW

Dr. Doroth Kijugu Regional Medical Officer – Singida

Dr. Rodrick Kisenge Consultant Paediatrician – MUHAS

Mr. Hiiti Sillo Director General, TFDA

Mr. Heri Mchunga Director Logistics- MSD

Prof. Mary Jande Pharmacologist - BUHAS

The preparation of the guidelines has been made possible by the contribution of a review group

composed of multi-sectoral and interdisciplinary experts. The Ministry acknowledges all those

who were involved in the development of the document and appreciates a sincere contribution

of:

Mr. Hanif Nazerali Adviser Pharmaceuticals – MoHSW

Dr. Linda Ezekiel Consultant, Renal Unit – MNH

Ms. Siana Mapunjo Principal Pharmacist - MoHSW

Winna Shango Principal Pharmacist MoHSW

Ms. Anita Masenge Senior Pharmacist - MoHSW

Dr. Y.M Kapona Consultant Obstetric/Gynecologist- MNH

Dr. James Rwehabura Consultant Haematologist – MNH

Dr. Edna Majaliwa Consultant Paediatrician – MNH

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摘要：

本资源为坦桑尼亚2013年发布的《标准治疗指南和基本药物清单》（Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List, STG），是坦桑尼亚医疗卫生体系的核心参考文件。该指南系统整合了常见疾病的标准化诊疗方案、药物选择原则及基层用药规范，旨在提高医疗服务质量、促进合理用药并保障药物可及性。清单涵盖抗感染药物、慢性病药物、妇幼保健用药等关键类别，适用于各级医疗机构、公共卫生项目及医药供应链管理。作为国家卫生政策的重要工具，该指南对于医

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