ASI TN001-2012 Version 3 符合ASNZS 1252标准的高强度结构螺栓组件 HIGH STRENGTH STRUCTURAL BOLT ASSEMBLIES TO AS NZS 1252

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REF: ASI TN001 Version 3

ASI Head Office

Level 13, 99 Mount Street

North Sydney NSW 2060

Tel: 02 9931 6666

Email: enquiries@steel.org.au

Author: T J HOGAN

(ABN)/ACN (94) 000973 839

www.steel.org.au

ASI TECHNICAL NOTE TN001 V3 Date: February 2012 Page 1 of 6

DISCLAIMER: The Australian Steel Institute Limited shall not be liable or responsible in any way whatsoever and expressly

disclaims any liability or responsibility for any loss or damage, claim, proceedings costs or expenses howsoever incurred by any

person whether the client or any third party and whether accruing under statute or in negligence, contract or otherwise at common

law, including but without in any way limited to any loss or damage, claim proceedings costs or expenses incurred as a result of or in

connection with the reliance whether whole or partial by any person as aforesaid upon any part of the contents of this advice.

HIGH STRENGTH STRUCTURAL BOLT ASSEMBLIES TO

AS/NZS 1252

THE ISSUE

Currently all high strength structural bolts manufactured to AS/NZS 1252:1996 are imported into

Australia by a number of importers/distributors and the bolts come from a number of source

countries. The issue for everyone in the Australian building industry is how to ensure that the

bolts on a particular project actually comply with AS/NZS 1252:1996.

Everyone in the steel industry involved with bolted connections—bolt importer/distributor,

structural engineer, fabricator, erector and building contractor—has an interest and a

responsibility to ensure that any bolts specified by the structural engineer to be high strength

structural bolts to AS/NZS 1252:1996 actually do comply with all the requirements (not just

some) of that Standard.

RELEVANT AUSTRALIAN/NEW ZEALAND STANDARDS

AS/NZS 1252:1996 is based on and, except for the marking requirements for the bolts and nuts,

is technically equivalent to, the following ISO Standards for property class 8.8:

—ISO 4775:1984 Hexagon nuts

—ISO 7411:1984 Hexagon bolts

—ISO 7415:1984 Plain washers

Threads are ISO metric coarse pitch thread to AS 1275.

High-strength bolts/nuts/washers to AS/NZS 1252:1996 may be supplied as an assembly and

not as individual items (see AS/NZS 1252 Clause 1.6.3 Note). ASI recommends that this

requirement be considered as essential since this ensures that the fit between the nut and the

bolt is more likely to be picked up as being too loose or too tight before the bolt/nut assembly

gets to site. It is extremely important that the thread on both the bolt and nut comply with

AS 1275 particularly in situations where full tensioning of galvanised bolt/nut assemblies are

involved.

For the bolts, AS/NZS 1252:1996 specifies the shape, dimensions and finish while the materials

and mechanical properties and the test methods are required to comply with AS 4291.1—2000.

For the nuts, AS/NZS 1252:1996 specifies the shape, dimensions and finish while the material

and test methods are required to comply with AS/NZS 4291.2:1995. The mechanical properties

of nuts are required to comply with Table 3.1 of AS/NZS 1252:1996 and the proof loads with

Table 3.2 of AS/NZS 1252:1996.

For the flat round washers, Section 4 of AS/NZS 1252:1996 specifies shape, dimensions, finish,

material and heat treatment.

A summary of the technical requirements specified in AS/NZS 1252, AS 4291.1 and

AS/NZS 4291.2 is contained in the Appendix to this Technical Note.

ASI TECHNICAL NOTE REF: ASI TN001 Version 3 Page 2 of 6

ISSUES IN RELATION TO AS/NZS 1252:1996

(1) There are no provisions in the Standard for the minimum requirements of a certificate of

compliance. Logically, for full compliance, all the requirements summarized in the

Appendix to this Technical Note should be met.

(2) Appendix A (Sampling Plan) is ‘Informative’ rather than ‘Normative’ thus resulting in there

being no minimum testing requirements.

(3) Appendix C of AS/NZS 1252:1996 contains a method of testing the anti-seizing properties

of an assembly of high-strength steel bolts and nuts with corrosion-preventative coatings

such as galvanising. This test is for a test assembly consisting of bolt/nut/washer. This

Appendix is also only ‘Informative’ rather than ‘Normative’.

(4) There are issues with AS/NZS 1252:1996 peculiar to the Australian market.

(a) M20 bolts are not readily available to AS/NZS 1252:1996 dimensions due to

ISO 7411 not being adopted internationally. M20 bolts are currently being supplied

to AS 1252—1983 for dimensions and to AS/NZS 1252:1996 for materials and

mechanical properties, which in turn calls up AS 4291.1—2000 for the properties.

This adds some complexity when checking whether M20 bolts comply with the

Standard.

(b) The hardness requirement in AS/NZS 1252:1996 for hot-dipped galvanised washers

was lowered to 26HRC. The specified hardness range for property class 8.8 in

AS 4291.1—2000 is 23-34HRC. It is recommended that washers be manufactured

with 35-45HRC (as required in AS/NZS 1252:1996 for other than hot-dipped

galvanised washers) in order to avoid scouring of the washers when bolts are

tensioned.

SAMPLING PLAN PROVISIONS IN AS/NZS 1252:1996

Appendix A of AS/NZS 1252:1996 requires that a lot consist of all items (either bolts, nuts,

washers) of the same heat of steel and size (diameter and length). The number of test

specimens for each lot is as set out in Table 1 below, taken from the Standard. Should any

specimen fail to comply with ANY of the specified test values, DOUBLE the number of samples

should be taken from the same lot and should be subjected to the same tests, and unless ALL

of these comply with the relevant requirements, the whole lot should be REJECTED.

TABLE 1

NUMBER OF TEST SPECIMENS

Number of pieces in lot Minimum number of

samples

50 2

>50 500 3

>500 35,000 5

>35,000 8

This Appendix A is not ‘normative’ but rather is ‘informative’ and so is not compulsory. One

issue with the Appendix is the fact that a ‘lot’ is defined as a function of both bolt diameter and

length, resulting in tests being required for different lengths (which may vary by as little as 5 or

10 mm) for each heat/diameter combination. Neither ISO 3269 nor BS EN 14399 appear to

require test results for different lengths, so there is a good argument for accepting test results

for every batch of the same diameter from the same heat. Changing either of these two

variables then requires additional testing. For the purposes of the recommendations in this

Technical Note, a lot can be accepted as a bolt diameter from an individual heat with the length

variable not considered, except that separate testing might be considered for large differences

in bolt lengths (say 50 mm to 100 mm) supplied to the same project.

ASI TECHNICAL NOTE REF: ASI TN001 Version 3 Page 3 of 6

AS 4100 PROVISIONS

The 1990 and 1998 editions of AS 4100 ‘Steel structures’ contained no provisions in respect of

certificates of compliance for bolts, unlike the provisions for steel for which a specific provision

was specified. The 2012 Amendment to the 1998 edition of AS 4100 contains very specific

provisions as follows:

‘Test certificates that state that the bolts, nuts and washers comply with all the provisions

of the appropriate Standard listed in Clause 2.3.1 shall constitute sufficient evidence of

compliance with the appropriate Standard. Such test reports shall be provided by the bolt

manufacturer or bolt importer and shall be carried out by an independent laboratory

accredited by signatories to the International Laboratory Accreditation Corporation

(Mutual Recognition Arrangement) (ILAC(MRA)) or the Asia Pacific Laboratory

Accreditation Cooperation (APLAC) on behalf of the manufacturer, importer or customer.

In the event of a dispute as to the compliance of the bolt, nut or washer with any of the

Standards listed in Clause 2.3.1, the reference testing shall be carried out by independent

laboratories accredited by signatories to ILAC(MRA) or APLAC.’

AS/NZS 1252 is a Standard listed in Clause 2.3.1 of AS 4100.

INFORMATION THAT SHOULD BE SUPPLIED

BOLT MANUFACTURER

The bolt manufacturer should be able to supply one or both of the following documents:

(a) product certification from an internationally recognised third party accreditation scheme

including details of audits conducted. All information required under AS/NZS 1252:1996,

AS 4291.1—2000 and AS/NZS 4291.2:1995 should be provided for each lot, the number

of tests for each lot being in accordance with Appendix A of AS/NZS 1252:1996 (see

Table 1 above). The Certifier should be accredited to the ISO/IEC Guide 28 standard and

any auditor should meet the requirements of ISO/IEC Guide 65. The certification scheme

should meet the criteria in ISO/IEC Guide 28 which require the manufacturer to maintain

effective planning to control the quality of production as well as testing from samples of

production and verification of conformance.

(b) results from a sampling and testing plan for each lot that complies with Appendix A of

AS/NZS 1252:1996 (see Table 1 above). All information required under

AS/NZS 1252:1996, AS 4291.1—2000 and AS/NZS 4291.2:1995 should be provided for

each lot. The test laboratory should be accredited to ILAC or APLAC and any auditor

should meet the requirements of ISO/IEC Guide 65.

Note that a lot for this purpose is defined as a bolt diameter from a particular heat of steel. Each

lot should be identified for traceability and assembly testing in accordance with Appendix C of

AS/NZS 1252:1996 should have been carried out if the bolts have been galvanised.

BOLT IMPORTER/DISTRIBUTOR

The bolt importer/distributor should be able to supply the above information from the bolt

manufacturer and a letter stating compliance with AS/NZS 1252:1996, AS 4291.1—2000 and

AS/NZS 4291.2:1995 should be provided for each lot.

If the bolt importer/distributor cannot supply the above information from the bolt manufacturer,

then the importer/distributor is obliged to undertake a sampling and testing programme using an

ILAC or APLAC accredited laboratory and supply the results from a sampling and testing plan

for each lot. All information required under AS/NZS 1252:1996, AS 4291.1—2000 and

AS/NZS 4291.2:1995 should be provided for each lot. The test laboratory should be accredited

to ILAC or APLAC and any auditor should meet the requirements of ISO/IEC Guide 65.

Alternatively, the bolt importer/distributor can elect to carry out acceptance inspection in terms

of ISO 3269: Fasteners—Acceptance inspection, which is intended to guide the purchaser as to

whether, considering the limitations of inspection by attributes of a fastener lot, it is reasonable

to assume that the delivered fasteners were manufactured to the nominated specification.

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标签： #高强度 #结构 #IES

摘要：

ASI TN001-2012 Version 3 是澳大利亚钢铁协会（ASI）发布的技术公告（Technical Note），专门针对符合 AS/NZS 1252 标准的高强度结构螺栓组件提供详细的技术规范与工程指导。该文件涵盖了螺栓、螺母和垫圈的制造要求、机械性能、标记规则、表面处理以及安装前的检验程序，旨在确保结构连接件在钢结构工程中达到承载、疲劳和耐久性的设计标准。AS/NZS 1252 是澳大利亚与新西兰联合标准，规定了高强度结构螺栓组件在钢结构中使用的尺寸、材料等级及测试方法，而 AS

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ASI TN001-2012 Version 3 符合ASNZS 1252标准的高强度结构螺栓组件 HIGH STRENGTH STRUCTURAL BOLT ASSEMBLIES TO AS NZS 1252

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