ASTM A815 - A 815M - 24a 锻造铁素体、铁素体奥氏体和马氏体不锈钢管道配件标准规范

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Designation: A815/A815M −24a
Standard Speciﬁcation for
Wrought Ferritic, Ferritic/Austenitic, and Martensitic
Stainless Steel Piping Fittings
1
This standard is issued under the ﬁxed designation A815/A815M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This speciﬁcation covers two general classes, WP and
CR, of wrought ferritic, ferritic/austenitic, and martensitic
stainless steel ﬁttings of seamless and welded construction
covered by the latest revision of Speciﬁcation A960/A960M.
Fittings differing from these standards may be furnished in
accordance with Supplementary Requirement S58 of Speciﬁ-
cation A960/A960M.
1.1.1 Class WP ﬁttings are subdivided into four subclasses:
Classes WP-S, WP-W, WP-WX, and WP-WU. They are
manufactured to the requirements of Speciﬁcation A960/
A960M, and they shall have pressure ratings compatible with
13.2. Class WP-S ﬁttings are those manufactured from seam-
less product by a seamless method of manufacture (marked
with class symbol WP-S); Class WP-W ﬁttings are those which
contain welds where the ﬁtting fabrication or construction
welds have been radiographed (marked with class symbol
WP-W); and Class WP-WX ﬁttings are those which contain
welds where all welds have been radiographed (marked with
class symbol WP-WX); and Class WP-WU ﬁttings are those
which contain welds where all welds have been ultrasonically
tested (marked with class symbol WP-WU).
1.1.2 Class CR ﬁttings are those manufactured to the
requirements of MSS SP-43, and they shall have pressure
ratings compatible with 13.3.
1.2 This speciﬁcation does not apply to cast ﬁttings.
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided.
When desired, one or more of these may be speciﬁed in the
order.
1.4 This speciﬁcation is expressed in both inch-pound units
and in SI units. However, unless the order speciﬁes the
applicable “M” speciﬁcation designation [SI units], the mate-
rial shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the
standard.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular
Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
A388/A388M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Steel
Forgings
A751 Test Methods and Practices for Chemical Analysis of
Steel Products
A763 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular
Attack in Ferritic Stainless Steels
A923 Test Methods for Detecting Detrimental Intermetallic
Phase in Duplex Austenitic/Ferritic Stainless Steels
A960/A960M Speciﬁcation for Common Requirements for
Wrought Steel Piping Fittings
E165/E165M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing for Gen-
eral Industry
2.2 ASME Standards:
3
B16.9 Factory-Made Wrought Butt-Welding Fittings
B16.11 Forged Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded
1
This speciﬁcation is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.22 on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting
Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.
Current edition approved July 1, 2024. Published October 2024. Originally
approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 2024 as A815/A815M – 24.
DOI: 10.1520/A0815_A0815M-24A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at www.astm.org/contact. For Annual Book of
ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary
page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
www.asme.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1

2.3 MSS Standards:
4
MSS SP-43 Standard Practice for Light Weight Stainless
Steel Butt-Welding Fittings
MSS SP-79 Socket-Welding Reducer Inserts
MSS SP-83 Steel Pipe Unions, Socket-Welding and
Threaded
MSS SP-95 Swage(d) Nipples and Bull Plugs
MSS SP-97 Integrally Reinforced Forged Branch Outlet
Fittings—Socket Welding, Threaded and Buttwelding
Ends
2.4 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Codes:
3
Section VIII Division I
Section IX
2.5 ASNT Standard:
5
SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for Nondestructive
Testing Personnel Qualiﬁcation and Certiﬁcation
3. Common Requirements and Ordering Information
3.1 Material furnished to this speciﬁcation shall conform to
the requirements of Speciﬁcation A960/A960M including any
supplementary requirements that are indicated in the purchase
order. Failure to comply with the common requirements of
Speciﬁcation A960/A960M constitutes nonconformance with
this speciﬁcation. In case of conﬂict between this speciﬁcation
and Speciﬁcation A960/A960M, this speciﬁcation shall pre-
vail.
3.2 Speciﬁcation A960/A960M identiﬁes the ordering infor-
mation that should be complied with when purchasing material
to this speciﬁcation.
4. Materials
4.1 The material for ﬁttings shall consist of forgings, bars,
plates, or seamless or welded tubular products that conform to
the chemical requirements in Table 1.
4.2 The steel shall be melted by one of the following
processes:
4.2.1 Electric furnace (with separate degassing and reﬁning
optional),
4.2.2 Vacuum furnace, or
4.2.3 Electric furnace followed by vacuum or electroslag-
consumable remelting.
4.3 If secondary melting is employed, the heat shall be
deﬁned as all ingots remelted from a primary heat.
5. Manufacture
5.1 Forming—Forging or shaping operations may be per-
formed by hammering, pressing, piercing, extruding, upsetting,
rolling, bending, fusion welding, machining or by combination
of two or more of these operations. The forming procedure
shall be so applied that it will not produce surface discontinui-
ties deeper than 5 % of the speciﬁed nominal thickness of the
ﬁtting.
5.2 All classes of ﬁttings shall be heat treated in accordance
with Section 6.
5.3 Fittings ordered as Class WP-S shall be of seamless
construction and shall meet all requirements of Speciﬁcation
A960/A960M.
5.4 Fittings ordered as Class WP-W shall meet the require-
ments of Speciﬁcation A960/A960M and (1) shall have all
welds made by the ﬁtting manufacturer and all pipe welds
made with the addition of ﬁller metal radiographically exam-
ined throughout the entire length in accordance with Paragraph
UW-51 of Section VIII, Division 1, of the ASME Boiler and
Pressure Vessel Code; and (2) shall not require radiography of
the starting pipe weld if the pipe was welded without the
addition of ﬁller metal. In place of radiographic examination,
welds made by the ﬁtting manufacturer may be ultrasonically
examined in accordance with the code requirements stated in
5.6.
5.5 Fittings ordered as Class WP-WX shall meet the re-
quirements of Speciﬁcation A960/A960M and shall have all
welds, whether made by the ﬁtting manufacturer or the starting
material manufacturer, radiographically examined throughout
their entire length in accordance with Paragraph UW-51 of
Section VIII, Division I of the ASME Boiler and Pressure
Vessel Code. The radiography of welds for this class of ﬁttings
can be done either prior to or after forming at the option of the
manufacturer.
5.6 Fittings ordered as Class WP-WU shall meet the re-
quirements of Speciﬁcation A960/A960M and shall have all
welds, whether made by the ﬁtting manufacturer or the starting
material manufacturer, ultrasonically examined throughout
their entire length in accordance with Appendix 12 of Section
VIII, Division 1 of ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
5.7 The radiography or ultrasonic examination for this class
of ﬁttings may be done at the option of the manufacturer, either
prior to or after forming.
5.8 Personnel performing NDE examinations shall be quali-
ﬁed in accordance with SNT-TC-1A.
5.9 Fittings covered in Speciﬁcation A960/A960M and
ordered as CR shall meet the requirements of Speciﬁcation
A960/A960M and do not require nondestructive examination.
5.10 All classes of ﬁttings shall have the welders, welding
operators, and welding procedures qualiﬁed under the provi-
sions of Section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel
Code except that starting pipe welds made without the addition
of ﬁller metal do not require such qualiﬁcation.
5.11 All joints welded with ﬁller metal shall be ﬁnished in
accordance with the requirements of Paragraph UW-35 (a) of
Section VIII, Division 1, of the ASME Boiler and Pressure
Vessel Code.
5.12 Fittings machined from bar shall be restricted to NPS 4
or smaller.
5.12.1 All caps machined from bar shall be examined by
liquid penetrant in accordance with Practice E165/E165M.
4
Available from Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings
Industry (MSS), 127 Park St., NE, Vienna, VA 22180-4602, http://www.mss-
hq.com.
5
Available from American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT), P.O. Box
28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http://www.asnt.org.
A815/A815M − 24a
2

5.13 Weld buildup is permitted to dimensionally correct

unﬁlled areas produced during forming of stub ends. Radio-

graphic examination of the weld buildup shall not be required

provided that all of the following steps are adhered to:

5.13.1 The weld procedure and welders or welding opera-

tors meet the requirements of 5.10,

5.13.2 Heat-treatment is performed after welding and prior

to machining,

5.13.3 All weld surfaces are liquid penetrant examined in

accordance with Appendix 8 of Section VIII, Division 1 of the

ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, and

5.13.4 Repair of areas in the weld is permitted, but 5.13.1,

5.13.2, and 5.13.3 must be repeated.

5.14 Stub ends may be produced with the entire lap added as

weld metal to a straight pipe section provided the welding

satisﬁes the requirements of 5.10 for qualiﬁcations and Section

6for post weld heat treatment.

5.14.1 Class WP-W—Radiographic inspection of the weld is

required (see 5.4).

5.14.2 Class WP-WX—Radiographic inspection of all welds

is required (see 5.5).

TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements

NOTE 1—Where an ellipsis (. . .) appears in this table, there is no requirement.

Composition, %

Grade

CR UNS Carbon,

max

Manga-

nese

Phos-

phorus,

max

Sulfur,

max

Silicon,

max Nickel

Chrom-

ium

Molyb-

denum Copper

Ni-

trogen

Titanium Other

Ferritic Steels

WP27 CR27 S44627 0.010 0.75 0.020 0.020 0.40 0.50 25.0–

27.5

0.75–

1.50

0.20 0.015 . . . Nb

0.05–0.20

WP33 CR33 S44626 0.06 0.75 0.040 0.020 0.75 0.50 25.0–

27.0

0.75–

1.50

0.20 0.040 0.20–1.00

(7×(C+N)) min

...

WP429 CR429 S42900 0.12 1.0 0.040 0.030 0.75 0.50 14.0–

16.0

... ... ... ... ...

WP430 CR430 S43000 0.12 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 0.50 16.0–

18.0

... ... ... ... ...

WP430TI CR430Ti S43036 0.10 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 0.75 16.0–

19.5

. . . . . . . . . (5×C) min 0.75

max

...

WP446 CR446 S44600 0.20 1.50 0.040 0.030 0.75 0.50 23.0–

27.0

. . . . . . 0.25 . . . . . .

Ferritic/Austenitic Steels

WPS31803 CRS31803 S31803 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.0 4.5–

6.5

21.0–

23.0

2.5–

3.5

. . . 0.08–

0.20

... ...

WPS32101 CRS32101 S32101 0.040 4.0–

6.0

0.040 0.030 1.00 1.35–

1.70

21.0–

22.0

0.10–

0.80

0.10–

0.80

0.20–

0.25

... ...

WPS32202 CRS32202 S32202 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.010 1.00 1.00–

2.80

21.5–

24.0

0.45 . . . 0.18–

0.26

... ...

WPS32750 CRS32750 S32750

0.030 1.20 0.035 0.020 0.8 6.0–

8.0

24.0–

26.0

3.0–

5.0

0.5 0.24–

0.32

... ...

WPS32950 CRS32950 S32950 0.030 2.00 0.035 0.010 0.60 3.5–

5.2

26.0–

29.0

1.00–

2.50

. . . 0.15–

0.35

... ...

WPS32760 CRS32760 S32760

0.030 1.00 0.030 0.010 1.00 6.0–

8.0

24.0–

26.0

3.0–

4.0

0.50–

1.00

0.20–

0.30

. . . W

0.50–1.00

WPS39274 CRS39274† S39274 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.020 0.80 6.0–

8.0

24.0–

26.0

2.50–

3.50

0.20–

0.80

0.24–

0.32

. . . W

1.50–2.50

WPS32550 CRS32550 S32550 0.04 1.50 0.040 0.030 1.00 4.5–

6.5

24.0–

27.0

2.9–

3.9

1.50–

2.50

0.10–

0.25

... ...

WPS32205 CRS32205 S32205 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.00 4.5–

6.5

22.0–

23.0

3.0–

3.5

. . . 0.14–

0.20

... ...

Martensitic Steels

WP410 CR410 S41000 0.15 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 0.50

max

11.5–

13.5

... ... ... ... ...

WPS41008 CRS41008 S41008 0.08 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 0.60 11.5–

13.5

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

WPS41500 CRS41500 S41500 0.05 0.50–

1.00

0.030 0.030 0.60 3.5–

5.5

11.5–

14.0

0.50–

1.00

... ... ... W

0.50–1.00

Naming system developed and applied by ASTM International.

Maximum unless otherwise indicated.

Niobium and columbium are interchangeable names for the same element and both names are acceptable for use in A01.22 speciﬁcations.

%Cr+3.3×%Mo+16×%N$41.

%Cr+3.3×(%Mo+

⁄

%W)+16×%N$41.

A815/A815M − 24a

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摘要：

ASTM A815 - A 815M - 24a 是当前最新版国际标准规范，专门针对锻造铁素体、铁素体-奥氏体（双相不锈钢）以及马氏体不锈钢管道配件的材料、制造、化学成分、力学性能及检测要求进行统一规定。该标准覆盖管件类型包括弯头、三通、异径管、管帽等，广泛应用于石油化工、海洋工程、核电及高温腐蚀环境下的管道系统。符合ASTM A815标准的管件具备优良的耐腐蚀性、高强度和良好的焊接性能，尤其适用于高含氯离子或酸性介质工况。本标准规范的最新修订（24a版）进一步细化了热处理工艺与冲击韧性要求，确

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