ASTM B817 - 08

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Designation: B 817 – 08

Standard Speciﬁcation for

Powder Metallurgy (PM) Titanium Alloy Structural

Components

This standard is issued under the ﬁxed designation B 817; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of

original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A

superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope*

1.1 This speciﬁcation covers powder metallurgy (PM) struc-

tural components fabricated from commercially pure (CP)

titanium powder mixed with master alloy powder and elemen-

tal powders in appropriate quantity to yield combined material

chemical compositions comparable to ingot metallurgy (I/M)

alloys Titanium 6A1-4V and Titanium 6A1-6V-2Sn.

1.2 This speciﬁcation covers the following materials:

1.2.1 Two types depending on alloy composition as detailed

in Table 1.

1.2.1.1 Type I is comparable to I/M Ti-6A1-4V.

1.2.1.2 Type II is comparable to I/M Ti-6A1-6V-2Sn.

1.2.2 Two grades of each type that result from the speciﬁc

titanium powder used are as follows:

1.2.2.1 Grade 1 is made from sponge ﬁnes with residual

levels of chlorine and sodium.

1.2.2.2 Grade 2 is made from hydride/dehydride (HDH) or

other process titanium with signiﬁcantly lower chlorine and

sodium content.

1.2.3 Two classes as a function of density (see Table 2) are

as follows:

1.2.3.1 Class A density ratio is 94 % minimum.

1.2.3.2 Class B density ratio is 99 % minimum.

(Warning—CP titanium powder may be pyrophoric; its use

may involve an explosion hazard.)

1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded

as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for

information only.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the

safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the

responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-

priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-

bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Speciﬁc precau-

tionary statements are given in 1.2.3.2.

2. Referenced Documents

2.1 ASTM Standards:

B 243 Terminology of Powder Metallurgy

B311 Test Method for Density Determination for Powder

Metallurgy (P/M) Materials Containing Less Than Two

Percent Porosity

B 328 Test Method for Density, Oil Content, and Intercon-

nected Porosity of Sintered Metal Structural Parts and

Oil-Impregnated Bearings

This speciﬁcation is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B09 on Metal

Powders and Metal Powder Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-

mittee B09.11 on Near Full Density Powder Metallurgy Materials.

Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2008. Published December 2008. Originally

approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as B 817 – 03.

For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or

contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM

Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on

the ASTM website.

TABLE 1 Chemical Composition Requirements

Element Composition, Weight %

Grade 1 Grade 2

Type I Type II Type I Type II

Aluminum 5.50/6.75 5.0/6.0 5.50/6.75 5.0/6.0

Vanadium 3.50/4.50 5.0/6.0 3.50/4.50 5.0/6.0

Tin N/A

1.5/2.5 N/A

1.5/2.5

Iron 0.40 max 0.35/1.0 0.40 max 0.35/1.0

Copper N/A

0.35/1.0 N/A

0.35/1.0

Oxygen, max 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30

Hydrogen, max 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015

Nitrogen, max 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04

Carbon, max 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10

Sodium, max 0.20 0.20 TBD

TBD

Chlorine, max 0.20 0.20 TBD

TBD

Silicon, max 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10

Residual elements

each, max

0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10

Residual elements

total, max

0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40

Titanium remainder remainder remainder remainder

For the purpose of determining conformance with this speciﬁcation, measured

values shall be rounded “ to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in

expressing the speciﬁcation limit, in accordance with the rounding method of

Practice E 29.

Not applicable.

Various chloride levels may be available between the standard 0.20 max and

the wrought equivalent of 0.001 max. The acceptable level for speciﬁc product

applications shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and supplier and

speciﬁed on the purchase order.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.

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E29 Practice for Using Signiﬁcant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Speciﬁcations
3. Terminology
3.1 Deﬁnitions—Deﬁnitions of powder metallurgy terms
can be found in Terminology B 243.
3.2 Descriptions of Terms Speciﬁc to This Standard—
Additional descriptive information is available in the Related
Material section of Volume 02.05 of the Annual Book of ASTM
Standards.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 Orders for components under this speciﬁcation shall
include the following information:
4.1.1 Dimensions (see Section 9),
4.1.2 Chemical composition (see Section 6and Table 1),
4.1.3 Density (see 7.1 and Table 2),
4.1.4 Mechanical properties (see Section 8and Table X1.1),
and
4.1.5 Certiﬁcation (see Section 13).
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 Structural components shall be fabricated by cold com-
pacting a mixture of CP titanium, master alloy, and other
elemental powders into suitable shapes. The compacts shall be
vacuum sintered and hot isostatically pressed, if necessary, to
provide parts conforming to the requirements of this speciﬁ-
cation.
6. Chemical Composition
6.1 Chemical composition shall conform to the require-
ments of Table 1.
6.2 Chemical analysis shall be made in accordance with
methods prescribed in Volume 03.05 of the Annual Book of
ASTM Standards, or any other standard method mutually
agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
7. Physical Properties
7.1 Density:
7.1.1 Density ratio shall exceed minimum limits prescribed
in Table 2. The purchaser and the producer shall mutually agree
on pore-free density values.
7.1.2 Density shall be determined in accordance with Test
Method B 328 for Class A materials.
7.1.3 Density shall be determined in accordance with Test
Method B311for Class B materials.
8. Mechanical Properties
8.1 Whenever feasible tests shall be performed on material
removed from actual components. The test requirements shall
be determined after consideration of actual component func-
tion.
8.2 The required mechanical properties and a sampling plan
shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the
purchaser. All shipments of components subsequent to the
establishment of testing conditions shall conform to the agreed
limits.
9. Dimensions and Tolerances
9.1 Dimensions and tolerances of the structural components
shall be indicated on drawings accompanying the purchase
order or contract.
10. Sampling
10.1 Lot—Unless otherwise speciﬁed, a lot shall consist of
components fabricated from powder of the same mix lot;
compacted, sintered (and hot isostatically pressed, if required)
under the same conditions.
10.2 Chemical Analysis—If required by purchase agree-
ment, at least one sample for chemical analysis shall be taken
from each lot. A representative sample of chips may be
obtained by dry-milling, drilling or crushing at least two pieces
without lubrication using clean, dry tools.
10.3 Mechanical Testing—If required by purchase agree-
ment, the manufacturer and purchaser shall mutually agree on
the representative number of specimens for mechanical testing,
from each lot.
11. Inspection
11.1 Unless otherwise speciﬁed, inspection of components
supplied on contract shall be made by the purchaser.
12. Rejection and Rehearing
12.1 Components that fail to conform to the requirements of
this speciﬁcation may be rejected. Rejection shall be reported
to the producer or supplier promptly and in writing. In case of
dissatisfaction with test results, the producer or supplier may
make a claim for a rehearing.
13. Certiﬁcation
13.1 When speciﬁed in the purchase order or contract, a
producer’s certiﬁcation of compliance document shall be
furnished to the purchaser, verifying that the components
manufactured were sampled, tested and inspected in accor-
dance with this speciﬁcation and have met the requirements.
When speciﬁed in the purchase order or contract, a report of
test results shall be furnished.
13.2 Certiﬁcation by an independent, third party indicating
conformance to the requirements of this speciﬁcation may be
considered upon the request of the purchaser.
13.3 The purchase order or contract must specify whether or
not the certiﬁcation includes a report of chemical analysis.
14. Keywords
14.1 compaction; cold isostatic pressing (CIP); ELCL tita-
nium; HDH titanium powder; hot isostatic pressing (HIP);
powder metallurgy;“sponge ﬁnes” titanium powder; structural
components; Ti-6A1-4V; Ti-6A1-6V-2Sn; titanium; titanium
alloys; vacuum sinter
TABLE 2 Density Requirements
Class Density Ratio min, %
A94
B99
B817–08
2
Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); Thu Apr 16 13:19:57 EDT 2009
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APPENDIX

(Nonmandatory Information)

X1. MECHANICAL PROPERTY DATA

X1.1 Typical data for the mechanical properties of elemen-

tally mixed titanium alloy specimens are given in Table X1.1.

These data do not constitute a part of this speciﬁcation. They

indicate, to the purchaser, the mechanical properties that may

be expected from tension specimens conforming to the speci-

ﬁed density and chemical requirements.

NOTE X1.1—Refer to Refs. (1-10)

for supplemental material property

information.

REFERENCES

(1)Froes, F. H. and Williams, J. C., “Titanium Alloys: Powder Metal-

lurgy,” Encyclopedia of Materials Science and Engineering, Vol 7, T-Z

MIT Press, 1986, pp. 5089–5094.

(2)Titanium and Titanium Alloys Source Book, “Powder Metallurgy,”

ASM, 1982, pp. 280–288.

(3)Metals Handbook Ninth Edition Volume 7 Powder Metallurgy, “Tita-

nium Alloys,” ASM 1984, pp. 254, 512–513, 435, 437, 468–469, 449,

752, 41, 44, and 394.

(4) Kubel, E. J., Jr., “Titanium NNS Technology Shaping Up,” Advanced

Materials and Processes Inc. Metal Progress, February 1987, pp.

46–50.

(5) Abkowitz, S. and Weihrauch, P., “Trimming the Cost of MMC’s,”

Advanced Materials and Processes, July 1989, pp. 31–34.

(6) Abkowitz, S., Churrus, G. J., Fujishiro, S., Froes, F. H., and Eylon, D.,

“Titanium Alloy Shapes from Elemental Blend Powder and Tensile

and Fatigue Properties of Low Chloride Compositions,” Conference

Proceedings Titanium Net Shape Technologies, The Metallurgical

Society of AIME, Los Angeles, CA, February 1984, pp. 107–120.

(7) Thellmann, E. L. “Great Potential for Titanium Powder Metallurgy,”

Metal Powder Report, Vol 34, No. 6, June 1980, AIME. Annual

Meeting, February 1980, pp. 260–261.

(8) Brosius, E. S., Malek, J. C., Peter, N. K., and Trzcinski, M. J.,

“Blended Elemental Powder Titanium for Automotive Applications,”

Metal Powder Report, Vol 42, No. 11, November 1987, pp. 768–773.

(9) Will, R. H. and Paul, O., “Potential Titanium Airframe Applications,”

Powder Metallurgy for High Performance Applications, Syracuse

University Press, 1972, pp. 333–349.

(10) Hanson, A. D., Runkle, J., Widmer, R., and Hebeisen, J., “Titanium

Shapes from Elemental Blends,” International Journal of Powder

Metallurgy, Vol 26, No. 2, 1990, pp. 157–164.

The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of

the text.

TABLE X1.1 Typical Properties

Type Grade Class

0.2 % Offset

Elongation in 1

in. (25 mm) %

Reduction in

Area, %

Tensile Strength Yield Strength

psi (MPa) 10

psi (MPa)

I 1 A 111 (765) 101 (696) 4 5

I 1 B 123 (848) 108 (745) 8 14

II 1 A 131 (903) 113 (779) 3 4

II 1 B 139 (958) 131 (903) 6 8

I 2 A 131 (903) 118 (814) 8 18

I 2 B 139 (958) 125 (862) 13 29

II 2 A ... ... ... ... ... ...

II 2 B 139 (958) 128 (883) 13 13

B817–08

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摘要：

ASTM B817 - 08 是美国材料与试验协会发布的一项关于钛合金化学成分、力学性能和工艺要求的标准规范文档。该标准主要适用于钛合金板材、带材、箔材及管材等产品的生产和检验，涵盖了从材料成分到机械性能的详细技术指标，包括抗拉强度、屈服强度、延伸率以及硬度等关键参数。遵循ASTM B817 - 08标准，制造商可以确保钛合金材料在航空航天、化工设备、医疗器械等高端应用领域具备稳定的质量与可靠性。该规范还涉及热处理、表面处理及无损检测等附加要求，为材料采购、质量控制和产品认证提供了权威依据。了解

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