ASTM B148-24 铝青铜砂型铸件

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Designation: B148 −24
Standard Speciﬁcation for
Aluminum-Bronze Sand Castings
1
This standard is issued under the ﬁxed designation B148; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This speciﬁcation covers requirements for sand castings
produced from copper-base alloys having the alloy numbers,
2
commercial designations, and nominal compositions shown in
Table 1.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on date
of material purchase form a part of this speciﬁcation to the
extent referenced herein:
2.2 ASTM Standards:
3
B208 Practice for Preparing Tension Test Specimens for
Copper Alloy Sand, Permanent Mold, Centrifugal, and
Continuous Castings
B824 Speciﬁcation for General Requirements for Copper
Alloy Castings
B846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
terials
E10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials
E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-
terials
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
Uniﬁed Numbering System (UNS)
3. Terminology
3.1 For deﬁnitions of terms related to copper and copper
alloys, refer to Terminology B846.
4. General Requirements
4.1 Material furnished under this speciﬁcation shall con-
form to the applicable requirements of Speciﬁcation B824.
5. Ordering Information
5.1 Include the following speciﬁed choices when placing
orders for product under this speciﬁcation as applicable:
5.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,
5.1.2 Copper or Copper Alloy UNS. No. designation,
5.1.3 Temper; must include optional heat treatment when
needed,
5.1.4 Dimensions, diameter, and wall thickness (For tube or
pipe: specify either O.D./I.D., O.D./Wall, or I.D./Wall unless
standard size such as type K are ordered; for ﬂat products:
thickness, width, and edges; for rod, bar, or shapes: by
diameter or distance between parallel surfaces),
5.1.5 Quantity of castings required,
5.1.6 Intended applications,
5.1.7 Speciﬁcation title, number, and year of issue,
5.1.8 Pattern or drawing number and condition (cast,
machined, and so forth),
5.1.9 Analysis of residual elements, if speciﬁed in the
purchase order (Speciﬁcation B824),
5.1.10 Pressure test requirements, if speciﬁed in the pur-
chase order (Speciﬁcation B824),
5.1.11 Soundness requirements, if speciﬁed in the purchase
order (Speciﬁcation B824),
5.1.12 Certiﬁcation, if speciﬁed in the purchase order
(Speciﬁcation B824),
5.1.13 Test report, if speciﬁed in the purchase order (Speci-
ﬁcation B824),
5.1.14 Witness inspection, if speciﬁed in the purchase order
(Speciﬁcation B824),
1
This speciﬁcation is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05 on Copper
and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.05 on
Castings and Ingots for Remelting.
Current edition approved July 1, 2024. Published July 2024. Originally approved
in 1941. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as B148 – 18. DOI: 10.1520/
B0148-24.
2
The UNS system for copper and copper alloys (see Practice E527) is a simple
expansion of the former standard designation system accomplished by the addition
of a preﬁx “C” and a suffix “00.” The suffix can be used to accommodate
composition variations of the base alloy.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at www.astm.org/contact. For Annual Book of
ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary
page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1

5.1.15 Approval of weld procedure and records of repairs, if

speciﬁed in the purchase order (Section 10),

5.1.16 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code

application

(12.2 and Section 14),

5.1.17 Castings for seawater service (6.2.3), and

5.1.18 Product marking, if speciﬁed in the purchase order

(Speciﬁcation B824).

5.2 When material is purchased for agencies of the U.S.

Government, the Supplementary Requirements of this speciﬁ-

cation may be speciﬁed.

6. Materials and Manufacture

6.1 Materials:

6.1.1 The material of manufacture shall be sand castings of

Copper Alloys, UNS No. C95200, C95300, C95400, C95410,

C95500, C95520, C95600, C95700, C95800, C95820, C95900

of such purity and soundness as to be suitable for processing

into the products prescribed herein.

6.1.2 When speciﬁed in the contract or purchase order, that

heat identiﬁcation or traceability is required, the purchaser

shall specify the details desired.

6.2 Manufacture:

6.2.1 As a speciﬁed option, Copper Alloy UNS Nos.

C95300, C95400, C95410, C95500, and C95520 may be

supplied in the heat-treated condition to obtain the higher

Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME

International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://

www.asme.org.

TABLE 1 Nominal Compositions

Copper Alloy

UNS No.

Old

Designation

Commercial

Designation

Nominal Composition, %

Copper Nickel Iron Aluminum Silicon Manganese

C95200 9A Grade A 88.0 . . . 3.0 9.0 . . . . . .

C95300

9B Grade B 89.0 . . . 1.0 10.0 . . . . . .

C95400

9C Grade C 85.0 . . . 4.0 11.0 . . . . . .

C95410

. . . . . . 84.0 2.0 4.0 10.0 . . . . . .

C95500

9D Grade D 81.0 4.0 4.0 11.0 . . . . . .

C95520

. . . . . . 78.5 5.5 5.0 11.0 . . . . . .

C95600 9E Grade E 91.0 . . . . . . 7.0 2.0 . . .

C95700 9F Grade F 75.0 2.0 3.0 8.0 . . . 12.0

C95800 . . . . . . 81.3 4.5 4.0 9.0 . . . 1.2

C95820 . . . . . . 79.0 5.2 4.5 9.5 . . . 1.0

C95900 . . . . . . 87.5 . . . 4.5 13.0 . . . . . .

These grades respond to heat treatment.

TABLE 2 Mechanical Requirements

Classiﬁcation

Aluminum Bronze Nickel Aluminum Bronze Silicon Aluminum

Bronze

Manganese-

Nickel

Aluminum

Bronze

Nickel

Aluminum

Bronze

Aluminum

Bronze

As-Cast As-Cast

Copper Alloy UNS No. C95200 C95300 C95400 and

C95410 C95500 C95820 C95600 C95700 C95800

C95900

Tensile strength, min,

ksi

(MPa

)

(450)

(515)

(620)

(650)

(415)

(620)

(585)

...

Yield strength,

min,

ksi

(MPa

)

(170)

(205)

(275)

(270)

(195)

(275)

(240)

...

Elongation in 2 in.

(50.8 mm), %

20 20 12 6 13 10 20 15 . . .

Brinell hardness No.

(3000-kg load)

110 110 150 190 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Heat-Treated

Copper Alloy UNS No. C95300 C95400 and

C95410 C95500 C95520

Tensile strength, min,

ksi

(MPa)

...

(550)

(620)

110

(760)

125

(862)

...

Yield strength,

min,

ksi

(MPa)

...

(275)

(310)

(415)

(655)

...

Elongation in 2 in.

(50.8 min), %

. . . 12 6 5 2 . . . . . . . . . . . .

Brinell hardness No.

(3000-kg load)

. . . 160 190 200 255

. . . . . . . . . 241 min

As cast or temper annealed.

Normally supplied annealed between 1100 °F and 1300 °F for 4 h followed by air cooling.

ksi = 1000 psi.

See Appendix X1.

Yield strength shall be determined as the stress producing an elongation under load of 0.5 %, that is, 0.01 in. (0.254 mm) in a gage length of 2 in. (50.8 mm).

Yield strength at 0.2 % offset, min, ksi

(MPa).

For information only.

Copper Alloy UNS No. C95520 is used in the heat-treated condition only.

Sand castings and sand cast test specimens shall be 25 HRC minimum.

B148 − 24

mechanical properties shown in Table 2. Suggested heat
treatments for these alloys are given in Table 3. Actual practice
may vary by manufacturer.
6.2.2 For better corrosion resistance in seawater
applications, castings in Copper Alloy UNS No. C95800 may
be given a temper anneal heat treatment at 1200 °F to 1300 °F
(650 °C to 705 °C) for 6 h minimum. Cooling shall be by the
fastest means possible that will not cause excessive distortion
or cracking. Propeller castings shall be exempt from this
requirement.
6.2.3 Copper Alloy UNS No. C95520 is used in the heat-
treated condition only.
6.2.4 Copper Alloy UNS No. C95900 is normally supplied
annealed between 1100 °F (595 °C) and 1300 °F (705 °C)
followed by air cooling.
6.2.5 Copper Alloy UNS No. C95820 is supplied in the
as-cast condition.
6.2.6 Separately cast test bar coupons representing castings
made in Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C95300HT, C95400HT,
C95410HT, C95500HT, C95520HT, C95800 temper annealed,
and C95900 annealed shall be heat treated with the castings.
7. Chemical Composition
7.1 The material shall conform to the chemical composition
requirements in Table 4 for the copper alloy UNS. No.
designation speciﬁed in the ordering information.
7.1.1 Results of analysis of the product sample shall con-
form to the composition requirements within the permitted
analytical variance speciﬁed in Table 4.
7.1.2 These composition limits do not preclude the presence
of other elements. Limits may be established by agreement
between manufacturer or supplier and purchaser for the un-
named elements.
7.1.3 For alloys in which copper is listed as remainder,
copper is the difference between the sum of results of all
elements determined and 100 %. When all the elements in
Table 4 are determined, the sum of results shall be as speciﬁed
in the following table:
Copper Alloy UNS Number
Copper Plus Named Elements,
min, %
C95200 99.0
C95300 99.0
C95400 99.5
C95410 99.5
C95500 99.5
C95520 99.5
C95600 99.0
C95700 99.5
C95800 99.5
C95820 99.2
C95900 99.5
8. Temper
8.1 The suggested heat treatment (tempers) for products
described in this speciﬁcation are given in Table 3.
9. Mechanical Property Requirements
9.1 Tensile Strength Requirements:
9.1.1 The mechanical properties shall be determined from
separately cast test bar castings.
9.1.2 Product furnished under this speciﬁcation shall con-
form to the mechanical properties requirements speciﬁed in
Table 2, when tested in accordance with Test Methods E8/
E8M.
9.1.3 Acceptance or rejection based upon mechanical prop-
erties shall depend on tensile strength, yield strength, and
elongation.
9.2 Hardness Requirement:
9.2.1 The approximate Brinell hardness values given in
Table 2 are for general information and assistance in testing,
and shall not be used as a basis for product rejection.
10. Casting Repair
10.1 Alloys included in this speciﬁcation are generally
weldable. Weld repairs may be made at the manufacturer’s
discretion provided each excavation does not exceed 20 % of
the casting section or wall thickness or 4 % of the casting
surface area.
10.2 Excavations that exceed those described in 10.1 may
be made at the manufacturer’s discretion except that when
required (5.1.15) the weld procedure shall be approved by the
purchaser and the following records shall be maintained:
10.2.1 A sketch or drawing showing the dimensions, depth,
and location of excavations,
10.2.2 Postweld heat treatment, when applicable,
10.2.3 Weld repair inspection results,
10.2.4 Casting identiﬁcation number,
10.2.5 Weld procedure identiﬁcation number,
10.2.6 Welder identiﬁcation, and
10.2.7 Name of inspector.
10.3 The castings shall not be impregnated without approval
of the purchaser.
11. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
11.1 The product shall be free of defects, but blemishes of a
nature that do not interfere with the intended application are
acceptable.
TABLE 3 Suggested Heat Treatments
Copper
Alloy
UNS No.
Solution Treatment
(Not Less than 1 h/in.
Followed by
Water Quench)
Annealing Treatment
(Not Less than 2 h
Followed by
Air Cool)
C95300 1585 °F to 1635 °F (860 °C to
890 °C)
1150 °F to 1225 °F (620 °C
to 660 °C)
C95400
C95410
1600 °F to 1675 °F (870 °C to
910 °C)
1150 °F to 1225 °F (620 °C
to 660 °C)
C95500
C95520
(2 h followed by
water quench)
1600 °F to 1700 °F (870 °C
to 925 °C)
925 °F to 1000 °F (495 °C to
540 °C)
C95800
A
1200 °F to 1300 °F (650 °C
to 705 °C),
6 h minimum followed
by air cooling
A
Corrosion inhibiting heat treatment, depends on agreement between the
manufacturer and buyer.
B148 − 24
3

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ASTM B148-2024 Standard Specification for Aluminum-Bronze Sand Castings 铝青铜砂型铸件

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