ASTM C1840-C 1840M-24 已安装钢筋混凝土涵洞、雨水管和雨水管的检查和验收标准规程

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Designation: C1840/C1840M −24
Standard Practice for
Inspection and Acceptance of Installed Reinforced Concrete
Culvert, Storm Drain, and Storm Sewer Pipe
1
This standard is issued under the ﬁxed designation C1840/C1840M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the requirements for inspection and
acceptance of installed reinforced concrete pipe by either
person-entry, or remote inspection as shown in Figs. 1 and 2,
respectively.
1.2 The scope of this speciﬁcation is intended for installa-
tion related observations and assumes that pre-installation
inspection has been completed.
1.3 The reinforced concrete culvert, storm drain and storm
sewer pipe shall be manufactured in accordance with Speciﬁ-
cation C76,C506,C507,C655,C1417, or C1846/C1846M and
accepted in accordance with AASHTO R 73. This speciﬁcation
shall only be used for gravity, non-pressure storm drainage
applications.
1.4 Person Entry shall be used unless extenuating circum-
stances preclude this type inspection. Remote inspection is
acceptable for use for pipe diameters of 30 in. [750 mm] and
smaller unless otherwise speciﬁed by owner or engineer.
1.5 Access of installed pipe for manual inspection shall
follow OSHA 29 CFR PART 1926 SUBPART AA regulations
for conﬁned space entry. However, this standard does not
purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated
with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard
to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
tions prior to use.
1.6 This practice does not cover deformation or deﬂection
assessment. Concrete pipe is classiﬁed as a rigid structure
because they do not bend or deﬂect appreciably under load
before cracking. Due to these facts shape evaluation are of little
or no value when evaluating concrete pipe.
1.7 The values stated in either Imperial/US or [SI units] are
to be regarded separately as standard. The SI units are shown
in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact
equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently
of the other.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C76 Speciﬁcation for Reinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm
Drain, and Sewer Pipe
C506 Speciﬁcation for Reinforced Concrete Arch Culvert,
Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe
C507 Speciﬁcation for Reinforced Concrete Elliptical
Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe
C655 Speciﬁcation for Reinforced Concrete D-Load
Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe
C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related
Products
C1417 Speciﬁcation for Manufacture of Reinforced Con-
crete Sewer, Storm Drain, and Culvert Pipe for Direct
Design
C1846/C1846M Speciﬁcation for Performance Based Manu-
facture of Reinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm Drain, and
Sewer Pipe
D932 Practice for Filamentous Iron Bacteria in Water and
Water-Formed Deposits
2.2 AASHTO Standards:
AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Speciﬁcation
AASHTO LRFD Bridge Construction Speciﬁcation, Section
27
AASHTO R 82 Standard Practice for Pipe Joint Selection
for Highway Culvert and Storm Drains
AASHTO R 73 Standard Practice for Evaluation of Precast
Concrete Drainage Products
2.3 Occupational Safety and Health Standards:
OSHA 29 CFR Part 1926 Subpart AA for the Construction
Industry
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on
Concrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.05 on Special
Projects.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2024. Published January 2024. Originally
approved in 2017. Last previous edition approved in 2022 as C1840/C1840M – 22.
DOI: 10.1520/C1840_C1840M-24
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1

2.4 ISO/IEC Standards:

ISO/IEC 17025 General Requirements for the Competence

of Testing and Calibration Laboratories

3. Terminology

3.1 For deﬁnitions of other terms relating to concrete pipe

not deﬁned in this speciﬁcation, see Terminology C822.

3.2 Deﬁnitions:

3.2.1 calcium carbonate crystals—as shown in Fig. 3,

crystals are formed when the carbon dioxide in the surrounding

soil, air and water carbonates the free (un-hydrated) calcium

oxide in the cement and the calcium hydroxide liberated by the

hydration of the tricalcium silicate of the cement. This chemi-

cal process results in white crystals along the pipe wall at a

crack location and if it ﬁlls the crack is commonly referred to

as autogenous healing.

3.2.2 clock positions—the relative circumferential position,

direction or location of an observation on the pipe interior is

described using the analogy of a 12-hour clock as shown in

Fig. 4. For example, 12 o’clock is the pipe crown; 3 o’clock the

spring line right; 6 o’clock the invert; and 9 o’clock the spring

line left. The viewing orientation (upstream or downstream) of

the clock position observations must be identiﬁed to establish

the spring line positions. When two clock positions are utilized

to characterize the location or relative size of an anomaly

within the pipe, the clock positions should be entered clock-

wise (for example, circumferential crack begins at 10 o’clock

and ends at 2 o’clock).

3.2.3 quadrant—descriptor for one fourth of the circumfer-

ence of the pipe, or a circumferential 90-degree arc. An

example quadrant shown in Fig. 5.

3.2.4 crack—ameasurable surface separation found in con-

crete indicating stress is being transferred from the concrete to

the reinforcement.

3.2.4.1 circumferential crack—a crack aligned with the

circumference of the pipe and perpendicular to the longitudinal

axis of the pipe as shown in Fig. 6.

FIG. 1 Person Entry Inspection

FIG. 2 Remote Inspection Camera

FIG. 3 Calcium Carbonate Filled Crack

FIG. 4 Clock Positions

C1840/C1840M − 24

3.2.4.2 hinge cracks—when more than one longitudinal
crack (at 12, 3, 6, or 9 o’clock) occurs at the same cross section
location in the pipe as shown in Fig. 7.
3.2.4.3 longitudinal crack—a crack aligned with the axis of
the pipe as shown in Fig. 8.
3.2.4.4 multi-directional crack—a combination of longitu-
dinal and circumferential cracks that intersect at one point as
shown in Fig. 9.
3.2.4.5 diagonal tension crack—longitudinal cracks 630 to
60 degrees from the invert or obvert of the pipe (1-2 o’clock,
4-5 o’clock, 7-8 o’clock, or 10-11 o’clock) with a visible
vertical offset across the crack.
3.2.4.6 Discussion—Normal load induced longitudinal
cracks can be present in the same locations but will not have a
vertical offset across the crack.
3.2.5 engineer—The qualiﬁcations for an engineer involved
in the evaluation of installed RCP shall be established by the
owner. Engineer designation as noted in this standard can be
the design engineer of record for the subject project, an
engineer working for or on behalf of the owner, or an engineer
specializing in the evaluation of installed RCP.
3.2.6 inﬁltration—ground water entering the pipe.
3.2.6.1 Level 1 Inﬁltration—moisture visible on the surface
of the pipe wall without any observable active water movement
such as drips or water traveling along the surface as shown in
Fig. 10.
3.2.6.2 Level 2 Inﬁltration—the slow entry of water identi-
ﬁed by visible drips or a constant ﬂow of water traveling along
the surface. See Fig. 11.
3.2.6.3 Level 3 Inﬁltration—a continuous stream of water
running into the pipe or spraying through the pipe “under
pressure.” See Fig. 12.
3.2.7 joint offset—when the inside surface of the spigot
(tongue) is not in alignment or centered with the interior pipe
surface on the Bell (groove) end of the installed joint. See Fig.
13.
3.2.8 joint separation—the space from the end of the spigot
(tongue) to the face (shoulder) of the bell (groove) of the
installed joint. See Fig. 14.
FIG. 5 Pipe Wall Quadrants
FIG. 6 Circumferential Crack
FIG. 7 Hinged Cracks (Multiple Longitudinal Cracks)
C1840/C1840M − 24
3

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标签： #钢筋混凝土 #涵洞雨水管 #雨水管

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ASTM C1840-C 1840M-24 Standard Practice for Inspection and Acceptance of Installed Reinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm Drain, and Storm Sewer Pipe 已安装钢筋混凝土涵洞、雨水管和雨水管的检查和验收标准规程

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ASTM C1840-C 1840M-24 已安装钢筋混凝土涵洞、雨水管和雨水管的检查和验收标准规程

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