ASTM D1204 - 14 (2020)

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Designation: D1204 −14 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Test Method for
Linear Dimensional Changes of Nonrigid Thermoplastic
Sheeting or Film at Elevated Temperature
1
This standard is issued under the ﬁxed designation D1204; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of changes in
linear dimensions of nonrigid thermoplastic sheeting or ﬁlm
that result from exposure of the material to speciﬁed conditions
of elevated temperature and time.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—This test method and ISO 11501 address the same matter, but
differ in technical content (and results cannot be directly compared
between the two methods).
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D2732 Test Method for Unrestrained Linear Thermal
Shrinkage of Plastic Film and Sheeting
D4000 Classiﬁcation System for Specifying Plastic Materi-
als
2.2 ISO Standard
ISO 11501 Plastics: Film and Sheeting—Determination of
Dimensional Change on Heating
3
3. Terminology
3.1 Deﬁnitions—Terms applicable to this test method are
deﬁned in Terminology D883.
4. Signiﬁcance and Use
4.1 This test method is particularly applicable to nonrigid
thermoplastic sheeting or ﬁlm made by the calender or extru-
sion process. The test gives an indication of lot-to-lot unifor-
mity in regards to the degree of internal strains introduced
during processing.
4.2 The heating medium in this test method is air and does
not necessarily yield the same results as Test Method D2732,
which uses a liquid medium.
4.3 Before proceeding with this test method, review the
speciﬁcations of the material being tested, if available. Any test
specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, or testing
parameters, or combination thereof, covered in the relevant
ASTM material speciﬁcation shall take precedence over those
mentioned in this test method. If there are no relevant ASTM
material speciﬁcations, then the default conditions apply. Table
1 of Classiﬁcation System D4000 lists the ASTM material
standards that currently exist.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Oven—A mechanical convection oven capable of main-
taining a temperature of 100 61°C.
5.2 Scale, graduated in 0.25-mm (0.01-in.) divisions, 30 cm
(12 in.) or more in length.
5.3 Thermometer, graduated in 1°C divisions, with a range
suitable for the test temperature used.
5.4 Timer, graduated in minutes.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.19 on Film, Sheeting, and
Molded Products.
Current edition approved April 1, 2020. Published April 2020. Originally
approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D1204 - 14. DOI:
10.1520/D1204-14R20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

5.5 Template, 25 by 25 cm (10 by 10 in.), for cutting test

specimens.

5.6 Heavy Paper Sheets, approximately 40 by 40 cm (15 by

15 in.), with smooth, wrinkle- and crease-free surfaces.

5.7 Talc, ﬁnely ground.

6. Test Specimens

6.1 The test specimens shall be two pieces of the sheeting or

ﬁlm 25 by 25 cm (10 by 10 in.), cut with the aid of the

template, one from either of the two transverse edges and one

from the center of the sheet as shown in Fig. 1. Each specimen

shall be marked to show the direction of calendering or

extrusion. The midpoint of each edge shall be marked for use

as a reference point when ﬁnal measurements are made.

7. Conditioning

7.1 Conditioning—Condition the test specimens at 23 6

2°C (73.4 63.6°F) and 50 610 % relative humidity for not

less than 40 h prior to test in accordance with Procedure A of

Practice D618 unless otherwise speciﬁed by agreement or the

relevant ASTM material speciﬁcation. In cases of

disagreement, the tolerances shall be 61°C (61.8°F) and

65 % relative humidity.

8. Procedure

8.1 Place each specimen on the heavy paper that has been

lightly dusted with talc, and cover with a second piece of

dusted paper. Fasten the papers together with paper clips.

NOTE 2—The paper should be well dusted, and the specimens should

not be restricted either by the paper or the clips. It is imperative that the

specimens be free to change shape as strains are relieved during the

period of test.

8.2 Place the paper-plastic sandwiches horizontally in the

oven at the temperature and for the length of time applicable to

the material being tested. Sandwiches must not be stacked, as

this has the potential to restrict the movement of the plastic

between the papers.

8.3 At the end of the oven-exposure period, recondition the

specimens for a minimum of1hatthetemperature and

humidity used for the initial conditioning. Remove the papers

and measure the distance between the opposite edges of the

specimens at the reference marks to the nearest 0.25 mm (0.01

in.). Shorter reconditioning times are permissible, if it can be

shown that equivalent results are obtained.

9. Calculations

9.1 Calculate the linear dimensional change as follows:

Linear change, % 5

3100 (1)

where:

= ﬁnal length (or width) of specimen, mm (or in.) after

test, and

= original length (or width) of specimen, mm (or in.).

A negative value denotes shrinkage, and a positive value

indicates expansion.

9.2 Average the values obtained for each direction.

10. Report

10.1 Report the following information:

10.1.1 Identiﬁcation of the material tested,

10.1.2 Test conditions (time and temperature), including

conditioning of test specimens, and

10.1.3 Average percentage linear change in both the parallel

and the transverse direction of processing.

11. Precision and Bias

11.1 A task group will be formed to develop the precision

and bias statement for this test method.

12. Keywords

12.1 ﬁlm; sheeting; temperature; thermoplastic

ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned

in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk

of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.

This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every ﬁve years and

if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards

and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the

responsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should

make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.

This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,

United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above

address or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or service@astm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website

(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222

Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http://www.copyright.com/

Points a,band x,yare reference marks at midpoint of test specimen edges.

FIG. 1 Method of Cutting Test Specimens from Sample

D1204 − 14 (2020)

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ASTM D1204 - 14 (2020) 是一项由美国材料与试验协会（ASTM）制定的标准测试方法，专门用于测定塑料薄膜及薄板在受热条件下的尺寸稳定性，即线性热收缩率。该标准适用于厚度不超过0.25毫米的热塑性薄膜和薄板，通过将试样置于特定温度的烘箱中加热一定时间，测量其纵向和横向的收缩百分比，以评估材料在加工、热封或使用过程中的耐热形变性能。最新版本（2020年）维持了2014年版的技术要求，提供了规范的设备、试样制备、测试步骤及计算方式，广泛应用于包装行业、薄膜生产及质量控制领域。了解A

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