AATCC TM194-2023 长期测试条件下纺织品抗室内尘螨性能的测试方法

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386 AATCC TM194-2023 AATCC Manual of International Test Methods and Procedures/2025

1. Purpose and Scope

1.1 This test method is for the evalua-

tion of the degree of anti-house dust mite

activity in a long-term testing environ-

ment for textiles treated at the manufac-

turing level for this purpose.

2. Principle

2.1 Test and control specimens are in-

oculated with the test organism and nutri-

ents. After six weeks of incubation, suffi-

cient time for mite colonies to flourish

under optimal conditions, the dust mites

are recovered from the specimens by heat

extraction. Results are expressed as per

cent reduction on the treated sample ver-

sus the untreated control.

3. Terminology

3.1 activity, n.—of an anti-dust mite

agent, a measure of the effectiveness of

the agent.

3.2 anti-house dust mite agent, n.—

any chemical which kills (acaricide) or

repels house dust mites.

4. Safety Precautions

NOTE: These safety precautions are

for information purposes only. The pre-

cautions are ancillary to the testing proce-

dure and are not intended to be all inclu-

sive. It is the user’s responsibility to use

safe and proper techniques in handling

materials in this test method. Manufac-

turers MUST be consulted for specific

details such as Safety Data Sheets and

other manufacturer’s recommendations.

All OSHA standards and rules must also

be consulted and followed.

4.1 This test should be carried out by

persons with training and experience in

the use of acarological techniques.

4.2 CAUTION: Although house dust

mites are not considered to be a direct

hazard to humans, their fecal pellets have

been demonstrated to be a potential po-

tent allergen for those susceptible to

asthma. Therefore, every necessary and

reasonable precaution must be taken to

eliminate this risk to the laboratory per-

sonnel and to personnel in the associated

environment. Where appropriate, wear

protective clothing and respiratory pro-

tection that prevents penetration by the

matter.

4.3 All work should be conducted us-

ing standard safe laboratory practices.

4.4 All chemicals should be handled

with care.

4.5 An eyewash/safety shower should

be located nearby for emergency use.

4.6 Exposure to chemicals used in this

procedure must be controlled at or below

levels set by governmental authorities

(e.g., Occupational Safety and Health

Administration’s [OSHA] permissible ex-

posure limits [PEL] as found in 29 CFR

1910.1000; see web site: www.osha.gov

for latest version). In addition, the Ameri-

can Conference of Governmental Indus-

trial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold

Limit Values (TLVs) comprised of time

weighted averages (TLV-TWA), short

term exposure limits (TLV-STEL) and

ceiling limits (TLV-C) are recommended

as a general guide for air contaminant ex-

posure which should be met (see 12.1).

5. Limitations

5.1 The method cannot be used to de-

termine the specific mode of action of a

given acaricide treatment.

5.2 The method should not be used to

predict the performance of a finished arti-

cle if the test specimen will go through

additional processing steps or represents

only a component of the final article.

5.3 While this test method provides

some insight into the effect of different

textile treatments in controlling the abil-

ity of mites to successfully establish

breeding colonies, direct conclusions

cannot be made with regard to a treat-

ment removing or reducing allergens.

5.4 This test method does not allow re-

covery of house dust mite eggs. How-

ever, it does provide a good measurement

of the effectiveness of anti-dust mite

treatment on a breeding mite colony.

6. Materials

6.1 Test Organisms

6.1.1 Test mites: Dermatophagoides

pteronyssinus or D. farinae. Any other

species suitable to a given country or re-

gion can also be used.

6.2 Maintenance of House Dust Mite

Stock Cultures

6.2.1 Dust mite colonies should be

maintained at 25 ± 1°C (77 ± 1°F) and

73-76% relative humidity on TetraMin

Tropical Flakes (see 12.2).

6.2.2 Before use, the flakes should first

be ground with a mortar and pestle, then

sieved so that the particle size is between

500–750 µm.

6.2.3 Care must be taken to ensure that

stock cultures of mites used for testing

have not previously been exposed to

chemicals or treatments that might have

some interaction with the mites.

7. Specimens

7.1 Test Specimens.

7.1.1 Prepare a minimum of three test

specimens by cutting them to fit snugly in

the bottom of a 10 cm diameter glass or

polystyrene Petri dish. This can accu-

rately be done by tracing around the dish

on the sample, or by using a suitably

sized die. For loose fibers, sufficient ma-

terial to cover the bottom of the Petri dish

should be used.

7.1.2 Petri dishes or other test cham-

bers of larger or smaller size can be sub-

stituted where desired. The size of the

test specimen should change accordingly

to ensure a snug fit of the sample in the

bottom of the dish.

7.2 Control specimens.

7.2.1 A minimum of three specimens

of the same fiber type and construction as

the test specimen but containing no anti-

mite finish (negative control) should also

be prepared.

7.2.2 In addition, an internal lab con-

trol previously determined to support

dust mite colonies should be included for

each test. The purpose of this internal

control is to provide validation that the

mite colony has developed at the ex-

pected rate on a known sample over the

course of the six weeks test.

7.3 Sterilization of Specimens.

7.3.1 Specimens may be sterilized

when there is potential for fungal growth

on the specimen over the test period due

to the presence of spores. The method of

sterilization used will depend on the sam-

ple composition and finish, as well as the

particular anti-house dust mite treatment.

Report method of sterilization, if used.

8. Procedure

8.1 Test Setup.

8.1.1 Distribute 50 mg of the ground/

sieved nutrient mixture on each test spec-

imen. The mixture can be applied

through a sieve to enable an even distri-

bution of the material.

8.1.2 To prevent mites from escaping,

the sides of the container can be coated

with petroleum jelly. A heavy layer of

AATCC TM194-2023

Test Method for Anti-House Dust Mite Properties

of Textiles under Long-Term Test Conditions

Provided by Accuris under license with AATCC

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from Accuris Not for Resale, 2025-04-14 18:24:10 UTC

Sold to: Nawal Analytical Labs India Private limited

Order Number: 00015024

AATCC Manual of International Test Methods and Procedures/2025 AATCC TM194-2023 387

coating should be avoided; as it can melt

and interfere with mite recovery during

the subsequent heat step. Tangle Trap has

also been found to provide an effective

barrier (see 12.3). However, final recov-

ery numbers may be negatively influ-

enced due to the numbers of mites be-

coming irreversibly trapped on the

material. A third option is to place a tex-

tile sample that has previously been dem-

onstrated to be effective as a mite barrier

fabric tightly across the top of the test

chamber and fix in place.

8.1.3 Close each test chamber and

place the test units at 25 ± 1°C (77 ± 1°F)

and 73-76% relative humidity for approx-

imately 48 h to acclimatize the specimen

microenvironment.

8.1.4 Place 25 male and 25 female

mites from a robust colony on each accli-

matized test and control specimen.

8.1.5 If possible, use mating pairs to

ensure that the females are at a similar

stage of oviposition.

8.1.6 Close the test chamber and incu-

bate the samples at 25 ± 1°C (77 ± 1°F)

and 73-76% relative humidity for six

weeks.

8.2 Mite Recovery.

8.2.1 After the six weeks of incubation,

remove one test chamber at a time from

the incubator. For each plate, pre-cut a

sample of nylon mesh material (see 12.4)

to fit snugly within the test plate. Cover

the mesh with adhesive film so that the

sticky side of the tape is in direct contact

with the mesh, and the edges of the tape

extends beyond the edge of the mesh by

approximately 5 mm.

8.2.2 Remove the lid from the test

chamber and firmly place the tape/mesh

combination directly on top of the test

specimen, with the sticky side of the tape

facing down. Ensure the outer edges of

the tape adhere to the sides of the test

plate. The mesh should serve to limit the

amount of food particles and dead mites

that might adhere to the sticky tape dur-

ing the subsequent recovery step.

8.2.3 Place the plate, minus the lid, di-

rectly on a heating plate (see 12.5) set at

50°C (122°F). Place a weight on top of

the tape/mesh combination to ensure inti-

mate contact between the mesh and the

test specimen. Use of a pre-cut circle of

Styrofoam that will fit in the test plate be-

tween the tape/mesh and the weight can

aid in evenly distributing the weight, and

may also limit moisture buildup on the

tape that might otherwise occur.

8.2.4 Leave each test chamber on the

hot plate for a minimum of 5 h. This

should be sufficient for mite recovery

from textiles, as well as thicker samples

or those with a heavy backing, such as

carpets.

8.2.5 After the heat exposure, remove

the weight and recover the tape/mesh.

Cover the second side of the mesh with a

clear polyethylene film or a second coat

of sticky tape, to secure the mites for sub-

sequent counting.

9. Evaluation

9.1 For each specimen, count the total

number of mites recovered on the film

using a low power stereo-binocular micro-

scope.

9.2 For each set of test and control

specimens, calculate the mean and stan-

dard deviation.

10. Report

10.1 Express results as percent reduc-

tion versus the control, using the follow-

ing formula:

where:

R= percent reduction of the test spec-

imen versus the control.

A= the mean number of dust mites

found on the control specimen.

B= the mean number of dust mites

found on the test specimen.

10.2 Indicate that test was conducted

following AATCC TM194-2023.

10.3 For a valid test: If a healthy mite

colony has been established on the nega-

tive control specimens during the six

week test period, mites on the internal lab

control do not need to be recovered and

counted. However, if the mite numbers

on the negative controls are lower than

expected for a control in this time period,

mites from the internal lab control must

be recovered as outlined in 8.2. Recovery

numbers outside of the normal range of

mites previously established for each of

the internal controls, invalidate the test.

10.4 Any deviation from this proce-

dure as written must be reported.

RAB–

-------------= 100×

10.5 The criterion for passing the test

must be determined by the interested parties.

11. Precision and Bias

11.1 Precision. Precision for this test

method has not been established. Until a

precision statement is generated for this

test method, use standard statistical tech-

niques in making any comparisons of test

results for either within-laboratory or be-

tween-laboratory averages.

11.2 Bias. Anti-house dust mite prop-

erties of textiles under long-term test con-

ditions can be defined only in terms of a

test method. There is no independent

method for determining the true values.

As a means of estimating these proper-

ties, the method has no known bias.

12. Notes

12.1 Available from Publication Office,

ACGIH, Kemper Woods Center, 1330 Kemper

Meadow Dr., Cincinnati OH 45240; tel: +1.

513.742.2020; web site: www.acgih.org.

12.2 TetraMin Tropical Flakes con be ob-

tained from Spectrum Brands Pet LLC 3001

Commerce St., Blacksburg VA 24060-6617.

phone 800.526.0650 and via their website at

https://www.tetra-fish.com or other online re-

tailers.

12.3 Tangle Trap can be obtained from The

Tanglefoot Company, 314 Straight Ave. S.W.,

Grand Rapids MI 49504-6485; tel: +1.616.

459.4139; fax: +1.616.459.4139; e-mail: info@

tanglefoot.com; web site: www.tanglefoot.com.

12.4 A mesh consisting of 447 denier nylon

filaments, with 40 × 40 threads/inch, thickness

of 0.36 mm and with a hole size of 0.63 mm

has been found effective. This mesh can be

obtained from Industrial Textiles Ltd., 62 Pa-

tiki Rd., Avondale, Auckland 1007 NZ; tel:

+64.98283188; free fax: +64.98281022;

email: info@vakeattack.co.nz; web site: www.

indtex.co.nz.

12.5 Other means of heating the samples,

such as the use of an incandescent light

source, can also be used. However, the process

must be optimized to obtain maximum mite

recovery for each type of sample before initia-

tion of the test.

13. History

13.1 Revised in 2023 to add dust mite food

source and to align to the AATCC Style guide-

lines.

13.2 Editorially revised 2019; reaffirmed

2013; editorially revised 2010; reaffirmed

2008, 2007.

13.3 Developed 2006 by AATCC Committee

RA49.

Provided by Accuris under license with AATCC

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from Accuris Not for Resale, 2025-04-14 18:24:10 UTC

Sold to: Nawal Analytical Labs India Private limited

Order Number: 00015024

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标签： #测试方法 #纺织品

摘要：

本文详细介绍标准规范 AATCC TM194-2023 的测试方法，该标准专门用于评估纺织品在长期测试条件下对室内尘螨的抵抗性能。通过对纺织材料进行持续暴露实验，模拟实际使用环境中尘螨的生存与繁殖情况，从而科学判定织物是否具备有效抑制尘螨滋生的能力。该测试方法适用于床垫、枕头、地毯及布艺家具等家用纺织品的抗螨性能评估，为生产企业、检测机构及消费者提供权威技术参考。了解 AATCC TM194-2023 的核心操作流程与判定标准，有助于优化产品设计、提升室内空气质量并降低过敏原暴露风险，是纺织行业

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