ASTM D1784 - 25 硬聚氯乙烯（PVC）化合物和氯化聚氯乙烯（CPVC）化合物的标准分类系统及规格依据

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Designation: D1784 −25

Standard Classiﬁcation System and Basis for Speciﬁcation for

Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and

Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds

This standard is issued under the ﬁxed designation D1784; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of

original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A

superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.

1. Scope*

1.1 This classiﬁcation system standard covers rigid PVC

and CPVC compounds intended for general purpose use in

extruded or molded form—including ﬁttings and both pressure

and nonpressure piping applications—composed of poly(vinyl

chloride), chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride), or vinyl chloride

copolymers containing at least 80 % vinyl chloride, and the

necessary compounding ingredients. The compounding ingre-

dients shall be permitted to consist of lubricants, stabilizers,

non-poly(vinyl chloride) resin modiﬁers, pigments, and inor-

ganic ﬁllers.

NOTE 1—Selection of speciﬁc compounds for particular end uses or

applications requires consideration of other characteristics such as thermal

properties, optical properties, weather resistance, etc. Speciﬁc require-

ments and test methods for these properties should be by mutual

agreement between the purchaser and the seller.

NOTE 2—Selection of compounds for pressure piping applications

requires consideration of material stress ratings that are required for

determining pressure ratings, but are not addressed in this speciﬁcation.

Requirements for long-term material stress ratings in accordance with

recognized stress rating standards, such as HDB in accordance with Test

Method D2837 for pressure piping, should be included in speciﬁcations

for pressure piping products or systems.

NOTE 3—The list of compounding ingredients in 1.1 is not meant to be

an exhaustive list of allowable compound ingredients. In addition to the

compounding ingredients listed, others may also be used. The list of

compounding ingredients in 1.1 does not imply that every ingredient listed

is a required ingredient. Some compounds may not contain all the

ingredients listed in 1.1.

1.2 For applications involving special chemical resistance

see Classiﬁcation D5260.

1.3 The requirements in this classiﬁcation system standard

are intended for the quality control of compounds used to

manufacture ﬁnished products. These properties are based on

data obtained using standard test specimens tested under

speciﬁed conditions. They are not directly applicable to ﬁn-

ished products. See the applicable ASTM standards for require-

ments for ﬁnished products.

1.4 The text of this classiﬁcation system standard references

notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These

notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and ﬁgures) shall

not be considered as requirements of this speciﬁcation.

1.5 Some rigid PVC applications have the option to contain

recycled PVC plastics that meet the requirements of this

classiﬁcation system standard. Refer to the speciﬁc require-

ments in the materials and manufacture section of the appli-

cable product standard.

1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as

standard. The values given in parentheses are for information

only.

1.7 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the

test methods portion, Section 11, of this speciﬁcation: This

standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,

if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user

of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and

environmental practices and determine the applicability of

regulatory limitations prior to use.

NOTE 4—This speciﬁcation is similar in content (but not technically

equivalent) to ISO 1163-1:1985 and ISO 1163-2:1980.

1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-

dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-

ization established in the Decision on Principles for the

Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-

mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical

Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

2. Referenced Documents

2.1 ASTM Standards:

D256 Test Methods for Determining the Izod Pendulum

Impact Resistance of Plastics

D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing

This classiﬁcation system standard is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Commit-

tee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on

Thermoplastic Materials.

Current edition approved July 1, 2025. Published July 2025. Originally approved

in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as D1784 – 20. DOI: 10.1520/

D1784-25.

For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or

contact ASTM Customer Service at www.astm.org/contact. For Annual Book of

ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary

page on the ASTM website.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the

Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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D635 Test Method for Rate of Burning and/or Extent and

Time of Burning of Plastics in a Horizontal Position

D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics

D648 Test Method for Deﬂection Temperature of Plastics

Under Flexural Load in the Edgewise Position

D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics

D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-

tics (Withdrawn 2024)

D3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of Plastics

D2837 Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design Basis

for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials or Pressure Design Basis

for Thermoplastic Pipe Products

D4703 Practice for Compression Molding Thermoplastic

Materials into Test Specimens, Plaques, or Sheets

D5260 Classiﬁcation for Chemical Resistance of Poly(Vinyl

Chloride) (PVC) Homopolymer and Copolymer Com-

pounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC)

Compounds

2.2 ISO Standards:

ISO 1163-1:1985 Plastics—Unplasticized compounds of ho-

mopolymers and copolymers of vinyl chloride—Part 1:

Designation

ISO 1163-2:1980 Plastics—Unplasticized compounds of ho-

mopolymers and copolymers of vinyl chloride—Part 2:

Determination of properties

3. Terminology

3.1 Deﬁnitions—Deﬁnitions are in accordance with Termi-

nology D883 and abbreviations with Terminology D1600

unless otherwise indicated.

4. Classiﬁcation

4.1 Means for selecting and identifying rigid PVC and

CPVC compounds are provided in Table 1. The properties

enumerated in Table 1 and the tests deﬁned are expected to

provide identiﬁcation of the compounds selected. They are not

necessarily suitable for direct application in design because of

differences in shape of part, size, loading, environmental

conditions, etc.

4.2 Classes are designated by the cell number for each

property in the order in which they are listed in Table 1.

NOTE 5—The manner in which selected materials are identiﬁed by this

classiﬁcation system is illustrated by a Class 12454 rigid PVC compound

having the following requirements (see Table 1). The two-digit cell limits

10 and 11 are rarely used, only for special high-temperature grades of

CPVC compound:

Class 1 2 4 5 4

Identiﬁcation:

Poly(vinyl chloride)

homopolymer

Property and Minimum Value:

Izod

(34.7 J/m (0.65 ft·lbf/in.))

under notch

Tensile strength

(48.3 MPa (7000 psi))

Modulus of elasticity in

tension

(2758 MPa (400 000 psi))

Deﬂection temperature under

load

(70°C (158°F))

NOTE 6—The cell-type format provides the means for identiﬁcation and

close characterization and speciﬁcation of material properties, alone or in

combination, for a broad range of materials. This type format, however, is

subject to possible misapplication since unobtainable property combina-

tions can be selected if the user is not familiar with commercially available

materials. The manufacturer should be consulted.

4.3 Product application chemical resistance when speciﬁed

shall be classiﬁed in accordance with the classiﬁcation section

of Classiﬁcation D5260.

5. Ordering Information

5.1 The purchase order, or inquiry, for these materials shall

state the speciﬁcation number and identify the class selected,

for example, D1784, Class 12454.

5.2 Further deﬁnition, as may be required for the following,

shall be on the basis of agreement between the purchaser and

the seller:

5.2.1 Physical form and particle size (see 6.1),

5.2.2 Color (see 6.2),

5.2.3 Other supplementary deﬁnition if necessary, and

5.2.4 Inspection (see 12.1).

6. Materials and Manufacture

6.1 Materials supplied under this speciﬁcation shall be PVC

and CPVC compounds of uniform composition in the form of

cubes, granules, or powder blends.

6.2 Color and transparency or opacity of molded or ex-

truded articles formed under the conditions recommended by

the seller shall be comparable within commercial match

tolerances to the color and transparency or opacity of standard

molded or extruded samples of the same thickness supplied in

advance by the seller of the material.

7. Physical Requirements

7.1 Test values for specimens of the material prepared as

speciﬁed in Section 9and tested in accordance with Section 10

shall conform to the requirements given in Table 1 for the class

selected.

8. Sampling

8.1 A batch or lot is construed as a unit of manufacture and

a blend of two or more production runs of material shall be

acceptable.

8.2 Sample using a statistically acceptable procedure.

The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on

www.astm.org.

Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,

4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.

D1784 − 25

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9. Conformance Testing

9.1 The minimum properties identiﬁed by the class desig-

nations in Table 1 speciﬁed in the purchase order (see 5.1) shall

be veriﬁed by the tests described in Section 11.

9.2 Conformance with this speciﬁcation shall be determined

with one set of test results. If there are multiple test results, the

average value for all test samples shall be used to determine

conformance.

9.3 If the average test value produces values below the

minimum property values of the Class designation in Table 1,

the material does not conform to this speciﬁcation.

10. Specimen Preparation

10.1 Compliance with the designated requirements chosen

from Table 1 shall be determined with compression-molded,

extruded, or injection-molded test specimens for Izod impact

resistance, tensile strength, tensile modulus of elasticity, de-

ﬂection temperature under load, and ﬂammability. Specimens

cut from laminates of compression-molded or extruded sec-

tions (see Practice D4703) shall not be used unless it can be

shown by test that complete fusion is obtained. It is understood

that a material shall not be tested without also specifying the

method of specimen preparation. When comparative tests of

materials are desired, the greatest care shall be taken to ensure

that all specimens are prepared in exactly the same way used to

certify the cell class of the compound. Procedures used in

preparing the test specimens shall be as recommended by the

supplier for each speciﬁc compound.

NOTE 7—It is not expected or required that a specimen taken from a

ﬁnished product will produce the same results as a specimen prepared by

the method used for purposes of cell class testing and certiﬁcation.

11. Test Methods

11.1 Conditioning—The test specimen for deﬂection tem-

perature (Test Method D648) shall be conditioned in accor-

dance with Procedure B of Practice D618, except that the

minimum conditioning time in the circulating air oven shall be

24 h. All other molded test specimens shall be conditioned in

accordance with Procedure A of Practice D618. The minimum

conditioning time shall be 24 h.

11.2 Test Conditions—Unless otherwise speciﬁed in the test

methods or in this speciﬁcation, tests shall be conducted in the

standard laboratory atmosphere of 23 62°C (73.4 64°F) and

50 610 % relative humidity. In cases of disagreement, the

tolerances shall be 61°C (62°F) and 65 % relative humidity.

11.3 Tensile Strength and Modulus of Elasticity—Test

Method D638, using Type I specimens of 3.2 60.4 mm (0.13

60.02 in.) thickness and testing speed of 5.1 mm (0.20

in.)/min 625 %. Report tensile strength at the yield point if the

material yields, otherwise at break.

11.4 Impact Resistance (Izod)—Method A of Test Method

D256, using 3.2-mm (0.125-in.) thick specimens. The speci-

mens may be compression-molded, extruded, or injection-

molded with the provision that compression-molded or ex-

truded specimens built up as laminates in which complete

fusion is obtained shall be acceptable. Complete fusion means

there shall be no evidence of fraying or delamination at the

break.

11.5 Deﬂection Temperature—Test Method D648–Method

A- using 127 mm (5 in.) long, 12.5 mm (0.5 in.) wide, and 3.2

mm (0.125 in.) thick specimens under 1.82 MPa (264 psi) ﬁber

TABLE 1 Class Requirements for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds

NOTE 1—The minimum property value will determine the cell number although the maximum expected value may fall within a higher cell.

Desig-

nation

Order

No.

Property and Unit

Cell Limits

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

1 Base resin

poly(vinyl

chloride)

homo-

polymer

chlorinated

poly

(vinyl

chloride)

vinyl co-

polymer

2 Impact resistance (Izod), min:

J/m of notch under

notch

<34.7 34.7 80.1 266.9 533.8 800.7

(ft·lb/in.) (<0.65) (0.65) (1.5) (5.0) (10.0) (15.0)

3 Tensile strength, min:

MPa

<34.5 34.5 41.4 48.3 55.2

(psi) (<5000) (5000) (6000) (7000) (8000)

4 Modulus of elasticity in tension, min:

MPa

<1930 1930 2206 2482 2758 3034

(psi) (<280 000) (280 000) (320 000) (360 000) (400 000) (440 000)

5 Deﬂection temperature under load, min, 1.82 MPa (264 psi):

°C

<55 55 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140

(°F) (<131) (131) (140) (158) (176) (194) (212) (230) (251) (266) (284)

Flammability

B B B B B B B B B B B B

The value for this property is unspeciﬁed.

All compounds covered by this speciﬁcation, when tested in accordance with Test Method D635, shall yield the following results: average extent of burning of <25 mm;

average time of burning of <10 s.

D1784 − 25

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标签： #聚氯乙烯 #PVC #化合物

摘要：

ASTM D1784-25 是当前最新版本的标准规范，为硬聚氯乙烯（PVC）化合物和氯化聚氯乙烯（CPVC）化合物建立了统一的分类系统与规格依据。该标准通过多层编码体系定义材料的力学、热学与化学性能等级，帮助制造商、工程师与采购方准确辨识不同用途下的 PVC 及 CPVC 材料类型，确保其在管道、管件、型材及工业部件中的可靠应用。标准涵盖材料类别、耐冲击性、维卡软化温度及耐化学性等关键指标，为产品质量控制、合规验证及全球贸易提供了技术基准。了解 ASTM D1784-25 有助于提升材料选型效率

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