ASTM B685 - 20 (2025) 钯铜电接触材料的标准规范

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Designation: B685 −20 (Reapproved 2025)
Standard Speciﬁcation for
Palladium-Copper Electrical Contact Material
1
This standard is issued under the ﬁxed designation B685; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This speciﬁcation covers a 60 % palladium-40 % copper
alloy in the form of rod, wire, strip, and sheet material for
electrical contacts.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar
with all hazards including those identiﬁed in the appropriate
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material
as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate
safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
B476 Speciﬁcation for General Requirements for Wrought
Precious Metal Electrical Contact Materials
B542 Terminology Relating to Electrical Contacts and Their
Use
3. Terminology
3.1 For terms related to electrical contacts and their use,
refer to Terminology B542.
4. General Requirements
4.1 The requirements of Speciﬁcation B476 shall apply to
all materials produced to this speciﬁcation.
5. Ordering Information
5.1 Include the following information when placing orders
for product under this speciﬁcation:
5.1.1 Dimensions—Thickness, width, length, diameter, coil
size, or other pertinent sizes;
5.1.2 Alloy composition;
5.1.3 Physical and mechanical properties;
5.1.4 Certiﬁcation; and
5.1.5 Other features as agreed upon between the seller and
the user.
6. Materials and Manufacture
6.1 Materials shall be of such quality and purity that the
ﬁnished product will have the properties and characteristics
prescribed in this speciﬁcation.
6.2 The material shall be ﬁnished by such operations (cold
working, annealing, turning, grinding, or pickling) as are
required to produce the required properties.
7. Chemical Composition
7.1 Material produced under the speciﬁcation shall meet the
chemical composition requirements speciﬁed in Table 1.
7.2 By agreement between purchaser and manufacturer,
analysis may be required and limits established for elements or
compounds not speciﬁed in Table 1.
8. Mechanical Property Requirements
8.1 The contract or order may specify ultimate tensile
strength, elongation, microhardness (Knoop or Vickers), hard-
ness (Rockwell or Rockwell Superﬁcial), or a combination of
these mechanical properties as temper criterion. If the contract
or order does not specify a temper criterion, then the criterion
for temper designation will be ultimate tensile strength and
elongation as listed in Table 2 and Table 3.
8.2 Mechanical properties shall conform to the listings of
Table 3.
8.3 All test specimens shall be full size when practical.
1
This speciﬁcation is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
B02.05 on Precious Metals and Electrical Contact Materials and Test Methods.
Current edition approved April 1, 2025. Published April 2025. Originally
approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as B685 – 20. DOI:
10.1520/B0685-20R25.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at www.astm.org/contact. For Annual Book of
ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary
page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1

8.4 All tests are to be conducted at room temperature, 70 °F

65 °F (18 °C to 24 °C).

9. Inspection and Testing

9.1 Material furnished under this speciﬁcation shall be

inspected by the manufacturer in accordance with the require-

ments of Speciﬁcation B476.

9.1.1 Visual inspection in accordance with Speciﬁcation

B476.

9.1.2 Temper test (hardness or tensile strength, but not

both). A tensile test is recommended for strip below 0.030 in.

(0.8 mm) thickness and for wire of any diameter. A tensile test

is preferred when permitted by part size and quantity.

9.1.3 Dimensional tests.

9.1.4 Spectrographic or chemical analysis when indicated

by the purchase order.

9.2 The purchaser shall perform such tests as are required to

verify the quality of material procured under the speciﬁcation.

10. Keywords

10.1 contact alloy; electrical contact alloy; palladium; pal-

ladium copper

APPENDIX

(Nonmandatory Information)

X1. TYPICAL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF 60 Pd-40 Cu

X1.1 The following is a list of typical property values which

are useful for engineering calculations in electrical contact

design and application:

Electrical resistivity, µΩ·cm 35 (quenched)

3.5 (ordered)

Density, g/cm

at 20 °C 10.6

Approximate liquidus, °C 1225

Approximate solidus, °C 1195

ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned

in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk

of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.

This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every ﬁve years and

if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards

and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the

responsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should

make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.

This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,

United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above

address or at 610-832-9585 (phone), or through the ASTM website (www.astm.org/contact). Permission rights to photocopy the

standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600;

http://www.copyright.com/

TABLE 1 Chemical Composition Requirements

Element Weight, %

Remainder

40.00 ± 0.5

Ag 0.10 max

Fe 0.05 max

Zn 0.06 max

Cd 0.05 max

Pb 0.03 max

Al 0.005 max

Total other impurities 0.1

Total impurities 0.2

TABLE 2 Typical Hardness Values for Strip

Temper HR30T HR15T HK (100 g)

Annealed 64 82 155

37 % reduction 81 92 255

Speciﬁcation for tensile and elongation properties or hardness ranges, but not

both, shall be agreed to between supplier and purchaser at the time of contracting

for delivery.

The Knoop hardness indentations shall be made so that the long axis of the

indenter is parallel to the rolling direction of the material.

TABLE 3 Mechanical Properties, Wire and Rod

Temper Ultimate Tensile Strength, psi (MPa) Minimum Elongation

in 2 in. (51 mm), %

min max

Annealed 85 000

(590)

105 000

(720)

75 % reduction 135 000

(930)

typical

...

B685 − 20 (2025)

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标签： #电接触 #电接触材料 #标准规范

摘要：

ASTM B685 - 20 (2025) 是一项由美国材料与试验协会制定的标准规范，专门针对钯铜电接触材料的性能要求、化学成分、机械特性及测试方法进行详细规定。该标准适用于电子、通信、航空航天及精密仪器等领域中需要高可靠性、耐腐蚀性和良好导电性的电接触组件，如继电器、开关和连接器。规范确保了钯铜材料在严苛电气环境下的稳定性和使用寿命，为制造商、工程师和采购方提供了统一的质量基准。通过遵循本规范，用户可有效评估镀层或实心接触件的材料一致性，降低电故障风险，提升系统整体可靠性。标准最新版本覆盖20

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ASTM B685 - 20 (2025) 钯铜电接触材料的标准规范

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