ASTM C1086 - 20 (2025) 玻璃纤维机械粘结毡保温标准规范

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Designation: C1086 −20 (Reapproved 2025)
Standard Speciﬁcation for
Glass Fiber Mechanically Bonded Felt Thermal Insulation
1
This standard is issued under the ﬁxed designation C1086; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This speciﬁcation covers glass ﬁber unsupported
needled felt (mechanically bonded) binder-free insulation for
thermal insulation. This material is used as the thermal
insulation component in the fabrication of insulation systems
for use on machinery and equipment, such as steam turbines,
boilers, boiler feed pumps, and piping at temperatures from
ambient up to 1200°F (650°C).
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
C167 Test Methods for Thickness and Density of Blanket or
Batt Thermal Insulations
C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
C177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-
ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of
the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
C335 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Properties
of Pipe Insulation
C390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of Thermal
Insulation Lots
C411 Test Method for Hot-Surface Performance of High-
Temperature Thermal Insulation
C518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission
Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
C1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal Transmission Prop-
erties Under Steady-State Conditions
C1058 Practice for Selecting Temperatures for Evaluating
and Reporting Thermal Properties of Thermal Insulation
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D578 Speciﬁcation for Glass Fiber Strands
E136 Test Method for Assessing Combustibility of Materials
Using a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750 °C
2.2 Other Standards:
FED-STD-191 Textile Test Methods
3
46 CFR 164.009 Non-Combustible Materials
4
IMO 1182:1990 per FTP Code Annex, Part 1
5
3. Terminology
3.1 Deﬁnitions:
3.1.1 Terminology C168 and D123 shall be considered as
applying to the terms used in this speciﬁcation.
3.1.2 Deﬁnitions in Speciﬁcation D578 shall be considered
as applying to the terms used in deﬁning glass ﬁber composi-
tion code, process, and ﬁber diameter.
4. Classiﬁcation
4.1 Thermal insulation shall be glass ﬁber, unsupported
needled felt insulation, for use on surfaces with temperatures
up to 1200°F (650°C).
5. Ordering Information
5.1 The purchase order or contract shall specify the follow-
ing:
5.1.1 Quantity of each thickness (10.1).
1
This speciﬁcation is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on
Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.23 on
Blanket and Loose Fill Insulation.
Current edition approved April 1, 2025. Published April 2025. Originally
approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as C1086 – 20. DOI:
10.1520/C1086-20R25.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at www.astm.org/contact. For Annual Book of
ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary
page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
www.dodssp.daps.mil.
4
Available from U.S. Government Publishing Office, 732 N. Capitol Street NW,
Washington, D.C. 20401, https://www.gpo.gov/.
5
Available from International Maritime Organization (IMO), 4, Albert
Embankment, London SE1 7SR, United Kingdom, http://www.imo.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1

5.1.2 Any special requirements for nonstandard sizes or
dimensions (10.2 and 10.3).
5.1.3 Any requirements for certiﬁcation (19.1).
5.1.4 Any special requirements for supplementary testing
requirements (9.1). and
5.1.5 Any special packaging information.
6. Materials and Manufacture
6.1 The material shall consist of 100 % glass ﬁber needled
into insulation felts without the use of binders. No organic
ﬁbers and no glass or mineral shot shall be included in the
product. It is acceptable for the insulation felt to be composed
of laminates formed without the use of binders. The glass ﬁbers
shall meet the designation C, Continuous Filament Yarns, in
accordance with Speciﬁcation D578 (see Note 1).
6.2 The ﬁber diameter of the glass ﬁber used in the ﬁnal
product, when determined in accordance with the Filament
Diameter section of Speciﬁcation D578 shall conform to the
requirements of Table 1. The certiﬁcation of the diameter of the
ﬁber is to be provided in one of two ways: either by the felt
manufacturer or by certiﬁcation of the glass ﬁber supplier and
documentation by the manufacturer as to sources of supply.
6.3 All materials used shall be asbestos and ceramic (refrac-
tory) ﬁber-free.
NOTE 1—The ﬁbers from glass composition designated as “E” glass
(electrical glass) in the range from D through G meet the requirements of
Tables 1 and 2.
7. Physical Properties
7.1 When tested in accordance with Section 16, the insula-
tion shall conform to the physical requirements listed in Table
2.
8. Performance Characteristics
8.1 Any of the following conditions can result in damage to
the needled glass ﬁber insulation:
8.1.1 Direct exposure to hydroﬂuoric acid.
8.1.2 Prolonged direct exposure to strong caustics.
8.1.3 Prolonged exposure to boiling water.
8.2 Conditions outlined in 8.1 are mentioned only to make
the user aware of such applications that require special
consideration. Contact the insulation manufacturer for recom-
mendations when the above conditions are anticipated.
9. Other Requirements
9.1 Supplementary requirements include qualiﬁcation tests
and acceptance tests to special standards. These supplementary
requirements are made by agreement to the supplier and the
purchaser only when speciﬁed in the purchase order or
contract.
10. Standard Sizes and Dimensions
10.1 Thickness—The insulation shall be furnished in the
thicknesses shown in Table 3.
10.2 Insulation Length—Unless otherwise speciﬁed, the
insulation shall be furnished in rolls of the lengths given in
Table 3.
10.3 Insulation Width—Unless otherwise speciﬁed (5.1.2),
the width of the insulation shall be 60 in. (1.52 m).
10.4 Nominal Mass per Area—The insulation shall be fur-
nished in the mass per area shown in Table 4.
11. Dimensional Tolerances
11.1 Thickness Tolerance—The average thickness as deter-
mined in accordance with 16.1.1 shall be within 60.125 in.
(3.2 mm) of the speciﬁed thickness.
11.2 Mass per Area Tolerance—The average mass per area
shall be within 610 % of that speciﬁed in Table 4.
11.3 Insulation Length/Tolerance—The tolerance on the
lengths, listed in Table 3, shall be −6 in. (−152 mm), with
excess permitted. It is acceptable for a roll to contain either a
maximum of one full thickness splice or consist of a maximum
of two pieces.
11.4 Width—The width shall be within −0.5 in. (13 mm),
to +1.0 in. (25 mm) of the speciﬁed width.
12. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
12.1 Since some requirements for this material are not
easily deﬁned by a numerical value, the insulation shall not
have visible defects that will adversely affect its service
qualities.
TABLE 1 Requirements for Diameter of Fiber
Diameter of Fiber Inch (Millimetre)
Average diameter shall not exceed 0.00036 (0.009)
90 % shall be less than 0.00040 (0.102)
TABLE 2 Physical Requirements
Thickness, length of roll See Table 3
Mass per unit area See Table 4
Apparent Thermal Conductivity, Max
A
Btu in./h ft
2
F (W/mK) at mean temp. of:
75°F (24°C) 0.29 (0.042)
300°F (149°C) 0.40 (0.058)
500°F (260°C) 0.50 (0.072)
700°F (371°C) 0.65 (0.094)
Hot Surface Performance no melting, no signiﬁcant
at 1200°F (650°C) shrinkage (max 5 %)
Tensile strength: psi (kPa)
Minimum 5 (34.5)
Non-Combustibility Pass
A
It is possible that the thermal transmission properties of felted glass ﬁber thermal
insulation will vary with temperature, temperature gradient, thickness and shape.
Note that the apparent thermal conductivity requirements speciﬁed in the table are
based on samples tested under conditions speciﬁed in 16.1.3. These are com-
parative values for establishing speciﬁcation compliance and it is possible that they
do not represent the installed performance of the insulation under use conditions
of the insulation differing substantially from the test conditions.
TABLE 3 Standard Dimensions
Nominal Insulation
Thickness, Length,
in. (mm) ft (m)
0.3 (7.6) 150 (45.2)
0.5 (12.7) 75 (22.9)
0.75 (19.1) 45 (13.7)
1.0 (25.4) 45 (13.7)
C1086 − 20 (2025)
2

13. Qualiﬁcation Requirements
13.1 The following requirements are generally employed
for the purpose of initial material or product qualiﬁcation in
accordance with Practice C390:
13.1.1 Standard sizes and dimensions,
13.1.2 Apparent thermal conductivity,
13.1.3 Diameter of ﬁber,
13.1.4 Hot surface performance,
13.1.5 Tensile strength, and
13.1.6 Non-combustibility.
14. Sampling
14.1 The insulation shall be sampled for qualiﬁcation test-
ing and for inspection in accordance with Practice C390.
Speciﬁc provision for sampling shall be agreed upon between
the purchaser and the supplier.
15. Inspection Requirements
15.1 Inspection for Quality Assurance—The following re-
quirements are generally employed for purposes of acceptance
sampling of lots or shipments of qualiﬁed felted insulation.
15.1.1 Thickness.
15.1.2 Mass per unit area.
15.2 Points of Inspection—When agreed to by the purchaser
and the manufacturer, and when speciﬁed in the purchase order
or contract, the inspection of the material shall be made at
either the point of shipment or point of delivery.
16. Test Methods
16.1 The properties enumerated in this speciﬁcation shall be
determined in accordance with the following test methods:
16.1.1 Thickness—Test Methods C167. Follow the speciﬁed
pressure alternative procedure of Test Methods C167 except
that the expansion procedure for sample preparation is not
necessary. A test specimen shall be taken that is 4 ft long by the
full width of the insulation felt. The test specimen shall be
ruled off into 20 approximately square and equal areas, and the
thickness measurement taken at the center of ten areas, no two
of which shall have a contiguous side. The specimen shall be
placed on a hard ﬂat surface and the thickness shall be
measured using a dial gage indicator. The gage shall have a
circular presser foot 3–4 in. (76–102 mm) in diameter. The foot
shall exert a pressure of 0.1 lb/in.
2
(7 gm/cm
2
)610 %. The
gage shall be calibrated before use with a gage block. The
average of the ten thickness measurements shall be taken as the
thickness of the test specimen.
16.1.2 Area Weight—Test Methods C167, except that the
expansion procedure for sample preparation is not necessary.
The weight per unit area shall be reported in ounces per square
foot (kilograms per square metre). The test specimen shall be
4 ft long by the full width of the felt. It is acceptable for the
specimen taken for the thickness measurement to be used for
the weight per unit area measurement.
16.1.3 Apparent Thermal Conductivity—Apparent thermal
conductivity shall be determined in accordance with Test
Methods C177,C335 or C518. In case of dispute, Test Method
C177 shall be used.
16.1.3.1 See Practice C1045 for requirements and guide-
lines for the determination of thermal transmission properties.
16.1.3.2 See Practice C1058 for guidelines for reporting
thermal properties.
16.2 Hot Surface Performance—Test Method C411. The
test temperature shall be that speciﬁed in 3.1, or the manufac-
turer’s recommended temperature, whichever is higher.
16.3 Tensile Strength—The tensile strength shall be deter-
mined by the grab test method described in Method 5100 of
FED-STD-191 with the following exceptions: The test sample
shall be from 12 to 14 in. long by the full width of the felt. Five
test specimens measuring 12 in. in the width direction by 12 to
14 in. (305 by 355 mm) long shall be cut from the sample. The
specimens shall be clamped at the top and bottom sections by
a nominal
1
⁄
2
in. (12 mm) pipe covered with 0.25-in. (6-mm)
thick sponge rubber to prevent cutting and slipping of the
specimens. The clamped specimens, having a test area of about
1 ft
2
(0.09 m
2
) shall be attached to the grips of the testing
machine that shall separate at a rate of 2 60.2 in. (51 65
mm)/min until rupture occurs. Tensile strength determinations
shall be made on specimens before and after being subjected to
soaking heat to 1200°F (650°C) for 6 h. The tensile strength
shall be expressed in pounds per square inch (kilopascals)
based on the nominal cross-sectional area. The tensile strength
for purposes of determining conformance shall be the average
of the ﬁve measurements on these specimens (see Table 2).
16.4 Noncombustibility—Test Method E136, 46 CFR
164.009, or IMO 1182:1990 per FTP Code Annex, Part 1.
17. Rejection and Rehearing
17.1 It is acceptable to reject material that fails to conform
to the requirements of the agreed upon speciﬁcation. Rejection
shall be reported to the producer or supplier promptly and in
writing. In case of dissatisfaction with the results of the test, the
producer or the supplier may make claim for a rehearing.
17.2 The certiﬁcation of an independent third party indicat-
ing conformance to the requirements of this speciﬁcation is an
acceptable substitute to the manufacturer’s certiﬁcation, upon
the request of the purchaser in the contract or order.
17.3 In case of rejection, the manufacturer or supplier shall
have the right to reinspect the rejected shipment and resubmit
the lot after removal of the portion of the shipment not
conforming to the speciﬁed requirements.
18. Certiﬁcation
18.1 When speciﬁed in the purchase order or contract, the
producer or the supplier shall furnish a certiﬁcate to the
purchaser that the material was manufactured, sampled, and
tested or inspected in accordance with this speciﬁcation and
TABLE 4 Standard Parameters
Nominal
Thickness,
in. (mm)
Mass per Area
oz/ft
2
(kg/m
2
)
0.3 (7.6) 3.5 (1.07)
0.5 (12.7) 6.0 (1.83)
0.75 (19.1) 12.25 (3.74)
1.0 (25.4) 15.0 (4.58)
C1086 − 20 (2025)
3

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摘要：

本规范是ASTM C1086 - 20 (2025) 标准的最新版本，详细规定了玻璃纤维机械粘结毡在保温应用中的材料性能、制造工艺、尺寸公差、热阻值及测试方法。该标准适用于建筑、工业设备和管道系统中的中低温隔热场景，确保产品在实际使用中具备稳定的导热系数、抗拉强度及防火性能。通过遵循ASTM C1086标准，生产厂商可保证玻璃纤维毡在机械粘结工艺下达到均匀密度与耐久性，同时为工程师和采购方提供权威的质量验收依据。本内容旨在帮助用户快速理解该标准的核心技术指标，优化保温系统选型与合规验证流程。

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