ASTM B884 - 11 (2025) 用于超导的铌钛合金坯料,棒材和条材标准规格

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Designation: B884 −11 (Reapproved 2025)
Standard Speciﬁcation for
Niobium-Titanium Alloy Billets, Bar, and Rod for
Superconducting Applications
1
This standard is issued under the ﬁxed designation B884; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This speciﬁcation covers niobium-titanium alloy billets,
bars, and rods, at 46 % to 48 % titanium. This material is used
in the manufacture of wire for superconducting applications.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard.
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
test methods portion, Section 14, of this speciﬁcation: This
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
E29 Practice for Using Signiﬁcant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Speciﬁcations
E92 Test Methods for Vickers Hardness and Knoop Hard-
ness of Metallic Materials
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
E165/E165M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing for Gen-
eral Industry
E214 Practice for Immersed Ultrasonic Testing by the Re-
ﬂection Method Using Pulsed Longitudinal Waves (With-
drawn 2007)
3
E384 Test Method for Microindentation Hardness of Mate-
rials
E2626 Guide for Spectrometric Analysis of Reactive and
Refractory Metals (Withdrawn 2017)
3
2.2 ANSI Standard:
4
ANSI B46-1 Surface Texture
2.3 ASNT Standard:
5
ASNT SNT-TC-1A Personnel Qualiﬁcation and Certiﬁca-
tion in Nondestructive Testing
3. Terminology
3.1 Deﬁnitions of Terms Speciﬁc to This Standard:
3.1.1 rod, n—material greater than 0.5 in. (13 mm) and less
than 2.5 in. (60 mm) in diameter.
3.1.2 bar, n—material greater than or equal to 2.5 in
(60 mm) and less than 6 in. (150 mm) in diameter.
3.1.3 billet, n—material greater than or equal to 6 in.
(150 mm) in diameter.
3.1.4 lot, n—a lot shall consist of material of the same size,
shape, condition, and ﬁnish produced from the same ingot or
powder blend by the same reduction schedule and the same
heat treatment parameters. Unless otherwise agreed between
manufacturer and purchaser, a lot shall be limited to the
product of an 8th period for ﬁnal continuous anneal, or to a
single furnace load for ﬁnal batch anneal.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 Purchase orders for material under this speciﬁcation
should include:
4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,
4.1.2 Quantity in weight, number of pieces, and dimensions,
4.1.3 Grain size limit for diameters greater than 7.75 in. (see
7.2 and Table 1),
1
This speciﬁcation is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 on
Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee B10.03 on Niobium, Tantalum, and Vanadium.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2025. Published February 2025. Originally
approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as B884 – 11 (2019).
DOI: 10.1520/B0884-11R25.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at www.astm.org/contact. For Annual Book of
ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary
page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org.
4
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
5
Available from American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT), P.O. Box
28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http://www.asnt.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1

4.1.4 Surface texture, if required (see 10.3),
4.1.5 Annealing condition, if different from 7.1,
4.1.6 Permissible variations in diameter and length (see 9.1
and 9.2),
4.1.7 Sampling and analytical methods, if required (see
11.3),
4.1.8 Inspection requirements (see Section 15),
4.1.9 Certiﬁcation and report needs (see Section 17), and
4.1.10 Additions to the speciﬁcation and supplementary
requirements, as required.
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 Materials covered by this speciﬁcation shall be made
from ingots which are produced by vacuum, plasma-arc, or
electron beam furnace melting, or a combination of these
methods. All melting is to be carried out in furnaces usually
used for reactive metals.
5.2 The products covered by this speciﬁcation are formed
with conventional forging, swaging, rolling, extruding, and
drawing equipment normally available in metalworking plants.
6. Chemical Composition
6.1 The Nb-Ti alloy ingots, billets, and rods covered by this
speciﬁcation shall conform to the chemical composition limits
shown in Table 2.
6.2 The manufacturer’s ingot analysis shall be considered
the chemical analysis for the products supplied to this
speciﬁcation, except for the interstitials carbon, oxygen,
nitrogen, and hydrogen. When speciﬁed in the purchase order,
the analysis for these interstitials shall be measured on product.
7. Physical Properties
7.1 Unless otherwise speciﬁed in the purchase order, the
material will be supplied in the annealed state.
7.2 The grain size of ﬁnished billets or rods shall meet the
limits in Table 1 (see 14.3).
7.3 The product shall be free of cracks, laminations,
inclusions, voids, and other ruptures with size larger than 3 %
of the product diameter or 0.096 in. (2.5 mm) equivalent
diameter, whichever is smaller. This characteristic shall be
measured by ultrasonic testing (see 14.5).
8. Mechanical Properties
8.1 Hardness testing will be performed on each lot of
ﬁnished product and the average of three readings shall be less
than 170 DPH (see 14.2).
9. Permissible Variations in Dimensions
9.1 Permissible variations in diameters for ﬁnished product
shall be as speciﬁed in Table 3, unless otherwise agreed to
between manufacturer and purchaser.
9.2 Permissible variations in length for ﬁnished product
shall be as speciﬁed in the purchase order.
10. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
10.1 Surface Condition—The ﬁnished material shall be free
of visually detectable cracks, seams, slivers, blisters, laps,
gouges, and other injurious imperfections.
10.2 Liquid Penetrant Examination—The surfaces of billet
and bar shall be examined using liquid penetrant inspection
methods (see 14.4). The following indications are unaccept-
able:
10.2.1 Cracks,
10.2.2 Linear indications,
10.2.3 Rounded indications with dimensions exceeding
0.03 in. (0.8 mm), and
10.2.4 For sidewall surfaces only, rounded indications that
are separated by less than 0.03 in. (0.8 mm) edge to edge.
10.3 Surface Finish—Surface ﬁnish shall be as speciﬁed in
the purchase order (see 14.6).
10.4 Surface Preparation—The ﬁnished surface shall be
pickled and rinsed in water. Removal of liquid penetrant test
materials after pickling shall be by rinsing or additional
pickling.
10.5 Cleanliness—Materials shall be clean to the extent that
no contamination is visible to the unaided eye, corrected for
20/20 vision, when viewed under an illumination of at least
100 foot candles (1100 lux) on the surface being tested.
11. Sampling
11.1 Ingots—Samples for ingot chemical analyses shall be
taken on the ingot sidewall at least at three positions along the
ingot including the middle and to within 5 in. (125 mm) of each
end.
TABLE 1 Grain Size Requirements
Rod, Bar, and Billet
Diameter in. (mm)
Grain Size Number
(weighted average)
0.5 to 2 incl (13 to 50 incl) 4.5 or ﬁner
2 excl to 4.5 incl (50 excl to 115 incl) 2.5 or ﬁner
4 excl to 6 incl (115 excl to 150 incl) 1.5 or ﬁner
6 excl to 7.75 incl (150 excl to 200 incl) 1.0 or ﬁner
Greater than 7.75 (200) To be set in purchase order
TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements
Element
Ingot
Maximum
Limit (ppm)
Aluminum 100
Carbon 200
Chromium 100
Copper 100
Hydrogen 45
Iron 200
Nickel 100
Nitrogen 150
Oxygen 1000
Silicon 100
Tantalum 2500
Titanium 46 % to 48 %
TABLE 3 Permissible Variations in Diameters
Diameter in. (mm) Tolerance, plus or
minus, in. (mm)
0.51 to 1.0 (13.1 to 25) 0.010 (0.25)
1.1 to 4.0 (25.1 to 100) 0.015 (0.4)
Over 4.0 (100) 0.020 (0.5)
B884 − 11 (2025)
2

11.2 Product—Samples for chemical and mechanical testing
shall be taken from the ﬁnished material after all metallurgical
processing to determine conformity to this speciﬁcation. The
samples may be taken prior to ﬁnal inspection and minor
surface conditioning by abrasion and pickling, and shall be
representative of the ﬁnished product.
11.3 Care shall be exercised to ensure that the sample
selected for testing is representative of the material and that it
is not contaminated by the sampling procedure. If there is any
questions relating to the sampling technique or the analysis
thereof, the methods of sampling and analysis shall be as
agreed upon between the purchaser and the manufacturer.
12. Number of Tests and Retests
12.1 Initial Tests—Each product sample shall be tested once
for each product test requirement.
12.2 Invalid Tests—If any sample or test is found to be
contaminated or improperly done, the result may be invalidated
and a new test done to replace the original.
12.3 Retests—If a test result does not meet the speciﬁcation
or is questionable, retests may be performed on twice the
number of samples originally tested. Both retest values must
conform to the speciﬁcation. All three values will be reported
on the certiﬁcation. The retest values shall be marked with an
“R.” Alternatively, each piece in the lot may be tested and
deviant pieces rejected or reworked.
12.4 Rework—Product not meeting this speciﬁcation may
be reworked to meet this speciﬁcation.
13. Signiﬁcance of Numerical Limits
13.1 For the purpose of determining compliance with the
speciﬁed limits for requirements of the properties listed in this
speciﬁcation, an observed value or a calculated value shall be
rounded as indicated in accordance with the rounding method
of Practice E29.
14. Test Methods
14.1 Analytical methods for chemical composition shall be
in accordance with industry or manufacturer’s standards.
Guide E2626 may be used as a guide for chemical analysis
techniques.
14.2 Hardness testing of product shall be according to Test
Methods E92 or E384.
14.3 Measure grain size according to Test Methods E112.
14.4 Perform liquid penetrant examination in accordance
with Test Method E165/E165M.
14.5 Perform ultrasonic testing in accordance with Annex
A1 for material greater than 2.0 in. (50 mm) in diameter and
Practice E214 for material equal to or less than 2.0 in. (50 mm)
in diameter.
14.6 Measure the surface ﬁnish when required by purchase
order, in accordance with ANSI B46-1.
15. Inspection
15.1 In addition to the above speciﬁed inspections, the
manufacturer shall inspect ﬁnal product for dimensions and
identiﬁcation. Other inspections shall be as agreed upon
between purchaser and the manufacturer and included in the
purchase order.
15.2 If so speciﬁed on the purchase order, the purchaser or
his representative may witness the testing and inspection of the
material at the place of manufacture. In such cases, the
purchases shall state in the purchase order which tests are to be
witnessed. The manufacturer shall give ample notice to the
purchaser as to the time and place of the designated test. If the
purchaser’s representative is not present at the agreed-upon
time for the testing, and if no new date is agreed upon, the
manufacturer shall consider the requirement for purchaser’s
inspection at the place of manufacture to be waived. When the
inspector representing the purchaser does appear at the ap-
pointed place and time, the manufacturer shall afford all
reasonable facilities to see that the material is being furnished
in accordance with this speciﬁcation. This inspection shall be
conducted so as not to interfere unnecessarily with production
operations.
16. Rejection and Rehearing
16.1 Material that does not conform to this speciﬁcation or
the purchase order may be rejected. The manufacturer may
elect to repair the material or request a waiver from the
customer.
16.2 In the event of a disagreement between the manufac-
turer and the purchaser concerning material compliance with
the purchase order, a mutually acceptable referee may perform
the tests in question. The referee’s results shall be used in
determining compliance.
17. Certiﬁcation
17.1 The manufacturer shall furnish the purchaser with a
certiﬁcate that the material was manufactured, sampled, tested,
and inspected in accordance with this speciﬁcation and has
been found to meet the requirements. The certiﬁcate shall
include a report of the test results.
18. Product Marking
18.1 Each billet, rod, bundle, or box shall be marked or
tagged legibly and conspicuously with the number of this
speciﬁcation, type, temper, lot number, manufacturer’s
identiﬁcation, nominal size, and the gross, net, and tare
weights. If marking ﬂuids are used, they shall be of such a
nature as to be easily removed with cleaning solutions. The
markings or their removal shall have no deleterious effect upon
the material or its performance. The characters shall be
sufficiently stable to withstand ordinary handling.
19. Packaging and Package Marking
19.1 All material shall be packed in such a manner as to
ensure safe delivery to its destination.
19.2 The box identiﬁcation shall include the following:
19.2.1 ASTM designation and alloy (NbTi),
19.2.2 Purchase order number,
19.2.3 Lot number,
19.2.4 Number of pieces,
B884 − 11 (2025)
3

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标签： #合金 #棒材 #钛合金

摘要：

本页面详细介绍 ASTM B884 - 11 (2025) 标准规范，该标准涵盖用于超导应用的铌钛合金坯料、棒材和条材的技术要求、化学成分、力学性能及检测方法。NbTi（铌钛）合金是目前应用最广泛的低温超导材料之一，广泛用于 MRI 磁体、粒子加速器、核聚变装置及高场磁体系统。本规范为材料供应商、超导线材制造商及科研机构提供了统一的质量控管依据，确保合金在低温环境下具备稳定的临界电流密度和加工性能。通过遵循 ASTM B884 标准，用户可有效筛选符合超导工程需求的铌钛原材料，提升产品可靠性与一

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ASTM B884 - 11 (2025) 用于超导的铌钛合金坯料,棒材和条材标准规格

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