SAE ARP6973A-2025 建筑立面的飞机噪声水平降低测量

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AEROSPACE

RECOMMENDED PRACTICE

ARP6973™

REV. A

Issued 2021-04

Revised 2025-05

Superseding ARP6973

(R) Aircraft Noise Level Reduction Measurement of Building Façades

RATIONALE

Standard methods for measuring the noise reduction of façades have been published by the International Organization for

Standardization (ISO) and ASTM International, but these methods do not provide the technical details necessary to obtain

reproducible results when applied to realistic field situations, particularly when the façades are exposed to aircraft noise

sources. This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice generally follows the methods of previous standards but was

developed to provide these additional details.

This revision to ARP6973 provides an alternative method for measuring the noise reduction of a building façade using a

loudspeaker as the noise source. Experience has shown that there are many situations in the field where it is difficult to

position an outdoor loudspeaker according to the guidelines in ARP6973. To overcome this limitation, an alternative

methodology has been added that uses an indoor loudspeaker to conduct the measurements. This method provides a

measure of the noise reduction that is consistent with measurements conducted using the outdoor loudspeaker method.

This revision to ARP6973 also incorporates some improvements to the outdoor loudspeaker method based on experience

from field implementation. Most of the changes are minor and relate to wording of various sections to clarify details. More

substantive revisions include additional procedures for specific building features, such as porches or balconies, and for

measurements in confined spaces.

FOREWORD

Historically, there have been two methods used to measure the noise reduction of structures. The flyover measurement

procedure employs aircraft as the exterior noise source. Since aircraft are the source of the noise, outside and inside noise

measurements are made simultaneously with aircraft overflights. This method has the advantage of simulating the noise

problem experienced by the residents, provided that the measured overflights are representative of the airport's annual

average daily operations for the year of interest. However, aircraft as noise sources are uncontrollable and the measurement

results can sometimes be difficult to replicate if aircraft fly different tracks on different days or arrive some days and depart

others on a specific runway. The result is that the data obtained are often representative only for the day of measurement.

Furthermore, the testing procedure requires multiple sound level meters to conduct noise measurements simultaneously in

multiple rooms and can be time-consuming if airport runway usage does not always match the need for measurements.

The aircraft flyover measurement method is presented in Section 3 of this ARP.

The second method for measuring noise reduction employs an outdoor loudspeaker as the noise source and adapts the

ASTM E966-18a test procedure with noise level measurements outdoors and indoors. The loudspeaker is a controlled

source, so the measured data are more accurate and repeatable than that using aircraft as the source and are not subject

to the day-to-day variations in aircraft operations. However, the data obtained using the ASTM method are not necessarily

reproducible by consultants as it lacks procedural details for applying the method to realistic field situations. The outdoor

loudspeaker measurement method presented in Section 4 of this ARP is based on research designed to provide the

necessary test details to obtain reproducible results in realistic situations.

SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP6973™A Page 2 of 40

Experience has shown that there are many situations in the field where it is difficult to implement the outdoor loudspeaker

method according to the guidelines in Section 4. To overcome this limitation, an alternative test methodology is presented

in Section 5 that employs a loudspeaker inside the building, together with noise level measurements inside and outside to

determine noise reduction. This indoor loudspeaker method provides the consultant with a tool that expands the number of

situations suitable for testing.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. SCOPE .......................................................................................................................................................... 5

2. REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................................. 5

2.1 Applicable Documents .................................................................................................................................. 5

2.1.1 ANSI Accredited Publications ....................................................................................................................... 5

2.1.2 ASTM Publications ........................................................................................................................................ 5

2.1.3 ISO Publications ............................................................................................................................................ 5

2.1.4 IEC Publications ............................................................................................................................................ 5

2.1.5 Other Publications ......................................................................................................................................... 5

2.2 Related Publications ..................................................................................................................................... 6

2.2.1 FAA Publications ........................................................................................................................................... 6

2.3 Definitions ..................................................................................................................................................... 6

2.4 Abbreviations ................................................................................................................................................ 7

3. PART 1: AIRCRAFT FLYOVER MEASUREMENT METHOD ...................................................................... 7

3.1 Overview of the Aircraft Flyover Measurement Method ................................................................................ 7

3.2 Equipment and Measurement Conditions ..................................................................................................... 7

3.2.1 Measurement Equipment Specifications....................................................................................................... 7

3.2.2 Windscreen ................................................................................................................................................... 7

3.2.3 Background Noise ......................................................................................................................................... 7

3.2.4 Weather Conditions ....................................................................................................................................... 8

3.3 Measurement of Exterior Sound Level .......................................................................................................... 8

3.4 Measurement of Interior Sound Level ........................................................................................................... 8

3.5 Determination of Noise Level Reduction (NLR) ............................................................................................ 8

3.6 Documentation .............................................................................................................................................. 9

4. PART 2: OUTDOOR LOUDSPEAKER MEASUREMENT METHOD ......................................................... 10

4.1 Overview of the Outdoor Loudspeaker Measurement Method ................................................................... 10

4.2 Equipment and Test Conditions .................................................................................................................. 10

4.2.1 Measurement Frequency Range ................................................................................................................ 10

4.2.2 Loudspeaker Specifications ........................................................................................................................ 10

4.2.3 Instrumentation Specifications .................................................................................................................... 11

4.2.4 Windscreen ................................................................................................................................................. 11

4.2.5 Background Noise ....................................................................................................................................... 11

4.2.6 Weather Conditions ..................................................................................................................................... 11

4.3 Loudspeaker Configuration ......................................................................................................................... 11

4.3.1 Background ................................................................................................................................................. 11

4.3.2 Loudspeaker Distance and Angle of Incidence .......................................................................................... 11

4.3.3 Loudspeaker Height .................................................................................................................................... 12

4.4 Measurement of Exterior Sound Level ........................................................................................................ 13

4.4.1 General........................................................................................................................................................ 13

4.4.2 Flush Microphone Method .......................................................................................................................... 13

4.4.3 Near-Façade Microphone Method .............................................................................................................. 14

4.4.4 Loudspeaker Calibration Method ................................................................................................................ 14

4.4.5 Measurement of Exterior Background Noise Level .................................................................................... 16

4.5 Measurement of Interior Sound Level ......................................................................................................... 16

4.5.1 Measurement of Average Interior Sound Level .......................................................................................... 16

4.5.2 Measurement in a Connected Floor Plan ................................................................................................... 17

4.5.3 Measurement in an Open Floor Plan .......................................................................................................... 17

4.5.4 Measurement of Interior Background Noise Level ...................................................................................... 18

4.6 Correction for Background Noise ................................................................................................................ 18

SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP6973™A Page 3 of 40

4.7 Noise Reduction Measurement for Specific Building Types and Situations ............................................... 18

4.7.1 Rooms with a Single Façade ...................................................................................................................... 18

4.7.2 Rooms with Two Façades ........................................................................................................................... 19

4.7.3 Inside Corners ............................................................................................................................................. 21

4.7.4 Rooms with Multiple Façades ..................................................................................................................... 21

4.7.5 Permanent Attachment to a Façade ........................................................................................................... 22

4.7.6 Corrections for Roof Transmission ............................................................................................................. 23

4.8 Determination of Noise Level Reduction (NLR) .......................................................................................... 24

4.8.1 Aircraft Spectrum ........................................................................................................................................ 24

4.8.2 Calculation of Noise Level Reduction (NLR) .............................................................................................. 24

4.9 Measurement Repeatability ........................................................................................................................ 26

4.10 Documentation ............................................................................................................................................ 26

5. PART 3: INDOOR LOUDSPEAKER MEASUREMENT METHOD ............................................................. 26

5.1 Overview of the Indoor Loudspeaker Measurement Method ...................................................................... 26

5.2 Equipment and Test Conditions .................................................................................................................. 27

5.2.1 Measurement Frequency Range ................................................................................................................ 27

5.2.2 Loudspeaker Specifications ........................................................................................................................ 27

5.2.3 Instrumentation Specifications .................................................................................................................... 28

5.2.4 Windscreen ................................................................................................................................................. 28

5.2.5 Background Noise ....................................................................................................................................... 28

5.2.6 Weather Conditions ..................................................................................................................................... 28

5.3 Loudspeaker Configuration ......................................................................................................................... 28

5.3.1 Loudspeaker Location and Orientation ....................................................................................................... 28

5.3.2 Loudspeaker Height .................................................................................................................................... 30

5.4 Sound Absorption Method (ABS) for Measuring Noise Reduction ............................................................. 30

5.4.1 Interior Sound Level Measurement ............................................................................................................. 31

5.4.2 Measurement of Room Absorption ............................................................................................................. 31

5.5 Sound Power Method (PWL) for Measuring Noise Reduction.................................................................... 32

5.5.1 Loudspeaker Sound Level Measurement ................................................................................................... 33

5.5.2 Loudspeaker Directivity Index ..................................................................................................................... 33

5.6 Measurement of Exterior Sound Level ........................................................................................................ 33

5.6.1 Measurement of Exterior Background Noise Level .................................................................................... 33

5.7 Corrections for Exterior Background Noise................................................................................................. 34

5.8 Measurement of Exterior Sound Level for Specific Building Types and Situations .................................... 34

5.8.1 Rooms with a Single Façade ...................................................................................................................... 34

5.8.2 Rooms with Two Façades ........................................................................................................................... 34

5.8.3 Inside Corners ............................................................................................................................................. 34

5.8.4 Rooms with Multiple Façades ..................................................................................................................... 35

5.8.5 Rooms with Porch or Balcony ..................................................................................................................... 35

5.8.6 Flanking Sound Transmission ..................................................................................................................... 35

5.8.7 Corrections for Nearby Reflecting Surfaces................................................................................................ 35

5.8.8 Corrections for Roof Transmission ............................................................................................................. 36

5.9 Determination of Noise Level Reduction (NLR) .......................................................................................... 36

5.9.1 Calculation of Noise Reduction (NRIO) ........................................................................................................ 36

5.9.2 Aircraft Spectrum ........................................................................................................................................ 37

5.9.3 Calculation of Noise Level Reduction (NLR) .............................................................................................. 37

5.10 Documentation ............................................................................................................................................ 39

6. NOTES ........................................................................................................................................................ 40

6.1 Revision Indicator ........................................................................................................................................ 40

Figure 1 Design chart for determining the minimum loudspeaker distance to façade center and

angle of incidence to achieve a maximum variation of 3 dB over a façade surface ................................... 12

Figure 2 Loudspeaker positions for tests in single rooms with one or two test façades ........................................... 29

Figure 3 Loudspeaker positions for tests in single rooms with three test façades .................................................... 29

Figure 4 Loudspeaker position for tests in connected rooms ................................................................................... 30

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标签： #测量 #水平

摘要：

SAE ARP6973A-2025标准为建筑立面飞机噪声水平降低的测量提供了权威技术规范，旨在统一评估建筑外立面在飞机起降、飞越等场景下对噪声衰减性能的测试方法与数据解读。该标准详细规定了现场测量与实验室测试的适用条件、传感器布置、声学环境要求、数据采集参数以及结果修正方法，尤其关注低频率、高强度的航空噪声在建筑表面反射、透射与吸收过程中的实际表现。通过采用该标准，城市规划者、建筑设计单位、机场周边噪声治理机构及声学工程师能够更准确地量化建筑围护结构（如外墙、门窗、阳台等构件）的隔声效果，从而制

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