ASTM D5159 - 21

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Designation: D5159 −21

Standard Guide for

Dusting Attrition of Granular Activated Carbon

This standard is issued under the ﬁxed designation D5159; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of

original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A

superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope

1.1 This guide presents a procedure for evaluating the

resistance to dusting attrition of granular activated carbons. For

the purpose of this guide, the dust attrition coefficient, DA,is

deﬁned as the weight (or calculated volume) of dust per unit

time, collected on a preweighed ﬁlter, in a given vibrating

device during a designated time per unit weight of carbon. The

initial dust content of the sample may also be determined.

Granular activated carbon is deﬁned as a minimum of 90 %

being larger than 80 mesh (0.18 mm) (see Test Methods

D2867).

1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the

standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for

information only.

1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the

safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the

responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-

priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-

mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-

dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-

ization established in the Decision on Principles for the

Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-

mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical

Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

2. Referenced Documents

2.1 ASTM Standards:

D2854 Test Method for Apparent Density of Activated

Carbon

D2867 Test Methods for Moisture in Activated Carbon

E11 Speciﬁcation for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test

Sieves

E300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals

3. Summary of Guide

3.1 A known volume of known weight of the granular

activated carbon is placed in a sample holder and vibrated at

constant acceleration (g) for a known time. The dust is carried

by an air stream passing through the vibrating sample and is

then collected on a preweighed ﬁlter. The quantities of dust

collected in six 10-min intervals are determined by weighings

on an analytical balance.

4. Signiﬁcance and Use

4.1 Three forces can mechanically degrade a granular acti-

vated carbon: impact, crushing, and attrition. Of these three,

attrition, or abrasion, is the most common cause of dust

formation in actual service. Published test procedures to

determine the “hardness” of activated carbons produce results

that in general cannot be correlated with ﬁeld experience. For

example, the ball-pan hardness test applies all three forces to

the sample in a variable manner determined by the size, shape,

and density of the particles. The “stirring bar” abrasion test

measures attrition so long as the particle size is smaller than 12

mesh. There is some evidence, however, that the results of this

test method are inﬂuenced by particle geometry. The procedure

set forth in this guide measures the effect of friction forces

between vibrating or slowly moving particles during the test

and may be only slightly dependent on particle size, shape, and

density effects.

5. Apparatus

5.1 Vibrating Table, capable of providing an RMS (root

mean square) acceleration of 40 m/s/s (4 g).

5.2 Test Cell, such as shown in Fig. 1, preferably made of

aluminum or other electrically conductive material.

5.3 Piezoelectric Accelerometer, capable of measuring an

RMS acceleration chosen by the user. A value of 40 m/s/s (4 g)

is suitable when using the apparatus in Figs. 1 and 2.

5.4 Signal Conditioner, to interface the accelerometer with

an AC millivolt meter, capable of producing a linear output

voltage from 0 to 1 V-ac, proportional to the acceleration.

5.5 Voltmeter, 0 to 1 V-ac.

5.6 Ammeter, ac, 0 to 1000 mA accurate to 1 mA.

This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D28 on Activated

Carbon and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D28.04 on Gas Phase

Evaluation Tests.

Current edition approved June 1, 2021. Published June 2021. Originally

approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as D5159 – 04 (2020).

DOI: 10.1520/D5159-21.

For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or

contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM

Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on

the ASTM website.

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the

Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

5.7 Variable Transformer, 0to120V.

5.8 Timer Control, 0 to 120 min.

5.9 Rubber Isolation Pad, a 45 durometer neoprene rubber

pad has been found satisfactory.

NOTE 1—2

⁄

in. (69.9 mm) inside diameter by 3 in. (76.2 mm) outside diameter by

⁄

in. (1.6 mm) thick.

NOTE 2—Speciﬁcation E11 wire cloth, 250 µm, stainless wire, 3 in. (76.2 mm) diameter.

NOTE 3—37 % open area, fabricated from 24 gage stainless steel with 0.45 in. (11.4 mm) diameter holes on 0.066 in. (1.68 mm) centers, square grid

3 in. (76.2 mm) diameter.

FIG. 1 Dust Attrition Cell (Full Scale)

FIG. 2 Apparatus Assembly

D5159 − 21

5.10 Flow Meter, with ﬂow control valve capable of con-

trolling air ﬂow at the ﬂow rate chosen by the user of this

guide. A ﬂow of about 7 L/min is suitable when using the

apparatus of Figs. 1 and 2.

5.11 Particulate Filter, sized to interface with test cell,

capable of capturing carbon ﬁnes. Several commercial glass

ﬁber ﬁlters have been found satisfactory. Also effective are the

particulate ﬁlters sold for respiratory protection against paint

spray or other particulate hazards.

5.12 Graduated Cylinder, 100-mL capacity.

5.13 Analytical Balance, capable of weighing to 0.1 mg.

6. Sampling, Test Specimens, and Test Units

6.1 Guidance in sampling granular activated carbon is given

in Practice E300 (see also 8.1).

7. Preparation of Apparatus

7.1 Assemble a test cell similar to that shown in Figs. 1-3.

7.2 Mount the accelerometer at the center of the cover plate.

7.3 Place the vibrator test assembly on the vibration isola-

tion pad so that the cover plate of the test cell is level.

7.4 Connect the accelerometer lead to the signal

conditioner, then connect the output of the signal conditioner to

the microvolt meter (see Fig. 4).

7.5 Connect the accelerometer lead to the signal

conditioner, then connect the output of the signal conditioner to

the microvolt meter (see Fig. 4).

7.6 Connect the vibrator to the variable transformer and

connect the transformer to a timer control with the milliam-

meter in series (see Fig. 4).

7.7 Connect the air outlet of the attrition test cell to the ﬂow

meter, and connect the ﬂow meter to a vacuum source (see Fig.

4).

8. Procedure

8.1 Measure a known volume (about 100 mL) of the sample

into a tared, graduated cylinder using the method and apparatus

described in Test Method D2854 and weigh to the nearest

0.1 g. If the average nominal particle size of the sample is less

than 12 mesh, a 50-mL sample may be preferred.

8.1.1 Reproducibility in duplicate or quadruplicate determi-

nations may be improved by taking two or four times the

volume of the given sample and making one subdivision by

careful coning and quartering.

8.1.2 A second convenient procedure is to use a miniature

sample divider and divide the sample once or twice as desired.

Mount micro-splitter for mineral sampling on a vibrating table

to ensure an equal division of all particles, especially the ﬁnes.

8.2 Calculate the apparent density of the sample using Test

Method D2854.

8.3 Quantitatively transfer the sample into the sample

holder section of the test cell.

8.4 Weigh the particulate ﬁlter to 0.1 mg.

8.5 Insert the weighed particulate ﬁlter into the apparatus.

8.6 Assemble the test cell assembly and secure it to the

vibrator table.

8.7 Set the timer control to 10 min. Note—10 min is used

only as an example to illustrate the procedure for calculating

DA in Section 9. The user of this guide may select another time

interval.

8.8 Start the air ﬂowing, then adjust to draw the desired

volumetric ﬂow of air through the sample.

8.9 Increase the voltage to the vibrator from “zero” to

produce the RMS acceleration chosen by the user. An accel-

eration value of about 40 m/s/s, (4 g) is often used.

8.10 Vibrate the sample for 10 min or other period (see 8.7).

8.11 Carefully remove and weigh the particulate ﬁlter to

0.1 mg.

8.12 Insert a second weighed particulate ﬁlter.

8.13 Before returning the sample holder, place a ﬂat piece of

glass over the top and hold ﬁrmly in place while slowly

inverting the sample several times in order to redistribute

particles that may have become bed-locked or segregated

during vibration.

FIG. 3 Apparatus Air Flow Conﬁguration

D5159 − 21

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摘要：

ASTM D5159-21 是 ASTM 国际标准组织发布的最新版本测试方法，专门用于评估木基板材（如刨花板、中密度纤维板等）表面的耐磨性和涂层附着力。该标准通过砂纸或其他指定介质对试样进行旋转摩擦，测量表面质量变化或涂层脱落的程度，适用于家具制造、室内装修和建筑材料领域的质量控制。遵循 ASTM D5159-21 可确保产品符合国际性能要求，帮助企业优化生产工艺、减少售后投诉，并提升出口竞争力。对于从事板材研发、质检和认证的工程师而言，掌握该标准是保证产品耐久性与安全性的关键环节。

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