ASTM F593 - 22

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Designation: F593 −22
Standard Speciﬁcation for
Stainless Steel Bolts, Hex Cap Screws, and Studs
1
This standard is issued under the ﬁxed designation F593; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This speciﬁcation covers the requirements for stainless
steel bolts, hex cap screws, and studs 0.25 to 1.50 in., inclusive,
in nominal diameter in a number of alloys in common use and
intended for service applications requiring general corrosion
resistance.
1.2 Seven groups of stainless steel alloys are covered,
including fourteen austenitic, two ferritic, four martensitic, and
one precipitation hardening.
Group Alloys
A
Condition
B
1 304, 305, 384, 304 L, (CW) cold worked
C
18-9LW, 302HQ, 304J3
D
2 316, 316 L (CW) cold worked
C
3 321, 347 (CW) cold worked
C
4 430
E
(CW) cold worked
C
5 410
F
(H) hardened and tempered
6 431 (H) hardened and tempered
7 630 (AH) age hardened
A
Unless otherwise speciﬁed on the inquiry and order, the choice of an alloy from
within a group shall be at the discretion of the fastener manufacturer (see 6.1).
B
See 4.2 for options.
C
Sizes 0.75 in. and larger may be hot worked and solution annealed, provided the
bolts comply with the cold worked (CW) mechanical property requirements.
D
When approved by the purchaser, Alloys 303, 303Se, or XM1 may be furnished.
E
When approved by the purchaser, Alloy 430F may be furnished.
F
When approved by the purchaser, Alloys 416 or 416Se may be furnished.
1.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are
provided, applicable only when agreed upon between the
manufacturer and the purchaser at the time of the inquiry and
order.
1.4 Suitable nuts for use with bolts, hex cap screws, and
studs included in this speciﬁcation are covered by Speciﬁcation
F594. Unless otherwise speciﬁed, all nuts used on these
fasteners shall conform to the requirements of Speciﬁcation
F594, shall be of the same alloy group, and shall have a
speciﬁed minimum proof stress equal to or greater than the
speciﬁed minimum full-size tensile strength of the externally
threaded fastener.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular
Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
A276 Speciﬁcation for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
A342/A342M Test Methods for Permeability of Weakly
Magnetic Materials
A380 Practice for Cleaning, Descaling, and Passivation of
Stainless Steel Parts, Equipment, and Systems
A484/A484M Speciﬁcation for General Requirements for
Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings
A493 Speciﬁcation for Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods
for Cold Heading and Cold Forging
A555/A555M Speciﬁcation for General Requirements for
Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods
A564/A564M Speciﬁcation for Hot-Rolled and Cold-
Finished Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
A582/A582M Speciﬁcation for Free-Machining Stainless
Steel Bars
A751 Test Methods and Practices for Chemical Analysis of
Steel Products
1
This speciﬁcation is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on
Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.04 on Nonferrous
Fasteners.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2022. Published January 2023. Originally
approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as F593 – 17. DOI:
10.1520/F0593-22.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1

A967 Speciﬁcation for Chemical Passivation Treatments for
Stainless Steel Parts
D3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
E29 Practice for Using Signiﬁcant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Speciﬁcations
F594 Speciﬁcation for Stainless Steel Nuts
F606/F606M Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical
Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded
Fasteners, Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and Rivets
F1470 Practice for Fastener Sampling for Speciﬁed Me-
chanical Properties and Performance Inspection
2.2 ASME Standards:
3
B1.1 Uniﬁed Inch Screw Threads
B18.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and Screws, Including Hex
Cap Screws
2.3 JIS Standard:
4
JIS G4309 Stainless Steel Wires
3. Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for bolts, hex cap screws, and studs under this
speciﬁcation shall include the following:
3.1.1 Quantity (number of pieces of each item and size),
3.1.2 Name of item (bolt, hex cap screw, stud, etc.),
3.1.3 Size (nominal diameter, threads per inch, length; see
Section 9),
3.1.4 Alloy group number (see 6.1), and
3.1.5 Condition (see 4.2).
3.2 Orders for bolts, hex cap screws, and studs under this
speciﬁcation may include the following optional requirements:
3.2.1 Forming (see 4.1.2),
3.2.2 Rolled or cut threads (see 4.1.3),
3.2.3 Composition (see 6.2),
3.2.4 Corrosion Resistance (see 8.1),
3.2.5 Finish (see 10.3),
3.2.6 Rejection (see 16.1), and
3.2.7 Test report (see 17.2).
3.2.8 Supplementary requirements, if any, to be speciﬁed on
the order (see S1 through S8), and
3.2.9 ASTM speciﬁcation and year of issue. When year of
issue is not speciﬁed, fasteners shall be furnished to the latest
issue.
NOTE 1—Example 10 000 pieces, Hex Cap Screw, 0.250 in. −20 × 3.00
in., Alloy Group 1, Condition CW, Furnish Test Report, Supplementary
Requirement S3.
4. Manufacture
4.1 Manufacture:
4.1.1 Speciﬁcations A276,A493,A564/A564M, and A582/
A582M are noted for information only as suitable sources of
material for the manufacture of bolts, hex cap screws, and studs
to this speciﬁcation.
4.1.2 Forming—Unless otherwise speciﬁed, the fasteners
shall be cold formed, hot formed, or machined from suitable
material at the option of the manufacturer.
4.1.3 Threads—Unless otherwise speciﬁed, the threads shall
be rolled or cut at the option of the manufacturer.
4.2 Condition—The fasteners shall be furnished in the
following conditions, unless speciﬁed to be furnished in one of
the optional conditions:
Alloy Group
Condition Furnished Unless
Otherwise Speciﬁed
Optional Conditions (must
be speciﬁed)
1, 2, 3 CW AF, A, SH
4CWA
5HHT
6HHT
7 AH none
A— Machined from annealed or solution-annealed stock thus retaining the
properties of the original material; or hot-formed and solution annealed.
AF— Headed and rolled from annealed stock and then reannealed.
AH— Solution-annealed and age-hardened after forming.
CW— Headed and rolled from annealed stock thus acquiring a degree of cold
work. Sizes 0.75 in. and larger may be hot-worked and solution-
annealed.
H— Hardened and tempered at 1050 °F (565 °C) minimum.
HT— Hardened and tempered at 525 °F (274 °C) minimum.
SH— Machined from strain-hardened stock or cold-worked to develop the
speciﬁc properties.
5. Heat Treatment
5.1 Alloy Groups 1, 2, and 3 (Austenitic Alloys 303, 303Se,
304, 304 L, 305, 316, 316 L, 321, 347, 384, XM1, 18-9LW,
302HQ, and 304J3):
5.1.1 Condition A—When Condition A is speciﬁed, the
austenitic alloys shall be heated to 1900 °F 650 °F (1038 °C
628 °C), at which time the chromium carbide will go into the
solution, be held for a sufficient time, and then be cooled at a
rate sufficient to prevent precipitation of the carbide and to
provide the speciﬁed properties.
5.1.2 Condition CW—When Condition CW is speciﬁed, the
austenitic alloys shall be annealed in accordance with 5.1.1,
generally by the raw material manufacturer and then cold
worked to develop the speciﬁed properties.
5.1.3 Condition AF—When Condition AF is speciﬁed, the
austenitic alloys shall be annealed in accordance with 5.1.1
after all cold working (including heading and threading) has
been completed.
5.2 Alloy Group 4 (Ferritic Alloys 430 and 430F):
5.2.1 Condition A—The ferritic alloys shall be heated to a
temperature of 1450 °F 650 °F (788 °C 628 °C), held for an
appropriate time, and then air cooled to provide the speciﬁed
properties.
5.2.2 Condition CW—When Condition CW is speciﬁed, the
ferritic alloys shall be annealed in accordance with 5.2.1,
generally by the raw material manufacturer and then cold
worked to develop the speciﬁed properties.
5.2.3 Condition AF—When Condition AF is speciﬁed, the
ferritic alloys shall be annealed in accordance with 5.2.1 after
all cold working (including heading and threading) has been
completed.
5.3 Alloy Group 5 (Martensitic Alloys 410, 416, and 416Se):
5.3.1 Condition H—When Condition H is speciﬁed, the
Martensitic Alloys 410, 416, and 416Se shall be hardened and
tempered by heating to 1850 °F 650 °F (1010 °C 628 °C)
3
Available from Global Engineering Documents, 15 Inverness Way, East
Englewood, CO 80112-5704, http://www.global.ihs.com.
4
Available from Japanese Industrial Standards Committee (JIS) 1-3-1
Kasumigaski, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-8901, Japan. http:www.jisc.go.jp
F593 − 22
2

sufficient for austenitization, held for at least

⁄

h and rapid air-

or oil-quenched, and then reheating to 1050 °F (565 °C)

minimum for at least 1 h and air cooled to provide the speciﬁed

properties.

5.3.2 Condition HT—When Condition HT is speciﬁed, the

Martensitic Alloys 410, 416, and 416Se shall be hardened and

tempered by heating to 1850 °F 650 °F (1010 °C 628 °C)

sufficient for austenitization, held for at least

⁄

h and rapid air-

or oil-quenched, and then reheating to 525 °F (274 °C) mini-

mum for at least 1 h and air cooled to provide the speciﬁed

properties.

5.4 Alloy Group 6 (Martensitic Alloy 431):

5.4.1 Conditions H and HT—Martensitic Alloy 431 shall be

hardened and tempered in accordance with 5.3.1 and 5.3.2 as

applicable.

5.5 Alloy Group 7 (Precipitation Hardening Alloy 630):

5.5.1 Condition AH—Precipitation Hardening Alloy 630

shall be solution annealed and aged by heating to 1900 °F 6

25 °F (1038 °C 614 °C) for at least

⁄

h and rapid air- or

oil-quenched to 80 °F (27 °C) maximum, then reheating to a

temperature of 1150 °F 615 °F (621 °C 68 °C) for 4 h and

air cooled to provide the speciﬁed properties.

6. Chemical Composition

6.1 Alloy Groups—It is the intent of this speciﬁcation that

fasteners shall be ordered by alloy group numbers, which

include alloys considered to be chemically equivalent for

general purpose use. The alloy groupings are shown as follows.

The purchaser has the option of ordering a speciﬁc alloy, in

stead of an alloy group number, as permitted in 6.2.2.

Alloy Group Alloys

1 304, 304 L, 305, 384, 18-9LW, 302HQ,

304J3

2 316, 316 L

3 321, 347

4 430

5 410

6 431

7 630

When approved by the purchaser, Alloys 303, 303Se, or XM1 may be furnished.

When approved by the purchaser, Alloy 430F may be furnished.

When approved by the purchaser, Alloys 416 or 416Se may be furnished.

6.2 Chemical Composition Limits:

6.2.1 Ordering by Alloy Group—Unless otherwise speciﬁed

on the inquiry and order (see Supplementary Requirement S4),

the choice of an alloy from within a group shall be at the

discretion of the fastener manufacturer as required by his

method of fastener fabrication and material availability. The

speciﬁc alloy used by the fastener manufacturer shall be clearly

identiﬁed on any certiﬁcation required by the order and shall

have a chemical composition conforming to the requirements

of Table 1 for the speciﬁc alloy.

6.2.2 Ordering by Speciﬁc Alloy—When ordered by a spe-

ciﬁc alloy number, the fasteners shall conform to the chemical

composition limits of Table 1 for the speciﬁc alloy.

6.3 Product Analysis:

6.3.1 When performed, product analysis to determine

chemical composition shall be performed on at least one fully

manufactured ﬁnished fastener representing each lot. The

chemical composition thus determined shall conform to the

requirements of Table 1 for the speciﬁed alloy or alloy group as

TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements

Alloy

Group

UNS

Designa-

tion

Alloy Composition, % maximum except as shown, ellipses indicate no requirement for listed element

Carbon Manga-

nese

Phos-

phorus

Sulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Copper Molybdenum Others

Austenitic Alloys

1 S30300 303 0.15 2.00 0.20 0.15 min 1.00 17.0 to 19.0 8.0 to 10.0 . . . 0.60

...

1 S30323 303 Se 0.15 2.00 0.20 0.060 1.00 17.0 to 19.0 8.0 to 10.0 . . . . . . Se 0.15 min

1 S30400 304 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0 to 20.0 8.0 to 10.5

... ...

1 S30403 304 L 0.03 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0 to 20.0 8.0 to 12.0

... ...

1 S30500 305 0.12 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0 to 19.0 10.0 to 13.0

... ...

1 S38400 384 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 15.0 to 17.0 17.0 to 19.0 . . . . . . . . .

1 S20300 XM1 0.08 5.0 to 6.5 0.040 0.18 to 0.35 1.00 16.0 to 18.0 5.0 to 6.5 1.75 to 2.25 0.50 . . .

1 S30430 18–9LW 0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0 to 19.0 8.0 to 10.0 3.0 to 4.0 . . . . . .

1 S30433 302HQ 0.03 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0 to 19.0 8.0 to 10.0 3.0 to 4.0 . . . . . .

1 . . . 304J3

0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0 to 19.0 8.0 to 10.5 1.00 to 3.00 . . . . . .

2 S31600 316 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0 to 18.0 10.0 to 14.0 . . . 2.00 to 3.00 . . .

2 S31603 316 L 0.03 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0 to 18.0 10.0 to 14.0 . . . 2.00 to 3.00 . . .

3 S32100 321 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0 to 19.0 9.0 to 12.0 . . . . . . Ti 5× C min

3 S34700 347 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0 to 19.0 9.0 to 13.0 . . . . . . Nb 10×Cmin

Ferritic Alloys

S43000

S43020

430

430F

0.12

1.00

1.25

0.040

0.060

0.030

0.15 min

1.00

16.0 to 18.0

16.0 to 18.0 ... ... 0.60 max

...

Martensitic Alloys

S41000

S41600

S41623

410

416

416Se

0.15

1.00

1.25

0.040

0.060

0.030

0.15 min

0.060

1.00

11.5 to 13.5

12.0 to 14.0

... ... 0.60 max

Se 0.15 min

6 S43100 431 0.20 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 15.0 to 17.0 1.25 to 2.50 . . . . . . . . .

Precipitation Hardening Alloy

7 S17400 630 0.07 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 15.0 to 17.5 3.0 to 5.0 3.0 to 5.0 . . . Nb 0.15–0.45

At manufacturer’s option, determined only when intentionally added.

1.00 % Cu max allowed by this standard for formability at manufacturer’s option.

304J3 from JIS Standard G4309.

Niobium formerly known as Colombium (Cb)

F593 − 22

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摘要：

ASTM F593 - 22 是美国材料与试验协会发布的最新版标准规范，涵盖不锈钢螺栓、螺柱、螺钉及垫圈等紧固件的化学成分、机械性能、热处理要求和尺寸公差。该标准适用于常用奥氏体、马氏体和铁素体不锈钢材料，旨在确保紧固件在腐蚀性环境和高温工况下的可靠性与一致性。通过明确材料分级、硬度范围、拉伸强度及扭矩测试方法，ASTM F593 - 22 为航空航天、石油化工、海洋工程及建筑行业提供了统一的质量基准。标准还包含了标记、包装和认证要求，有助于供应链合规与质量控制。对于采购、检验和设计工程师而言，

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