ASTM F2571 - 15 (2020)

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Designation: F2571 −15 (Reapproved 2020) An American National Standard

Standard Test Methods for

Evaluating Design and Performance Characteristics of

Fitness Equipment

This standard is issued under the ﬁxed designation F2571; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of

original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A

superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

INTRODUCTION

The goal of these tests is to provide reliable and repeatable methods for the evaluation of ﬁtness

equipment. The equipment users must recognize, however, that conformance to a standard will not

necessarily prevent injuries. Like other physical activities, exercise involving ﬁtness equipment

involves the risk of injury, particularly if the equipment is not maintained or used properly.

1. Scope

1.1 These test methods specify procedures and apparatus

used for testing and evaluating ﬁtness equipment for compli-

ance to Speciﬁcation F2276. Both design and operational

parameters will be evaluated. Where possible and applicable,

accepted test methods from other recognized bodies will be

used and referenced.

1.2 It is the intent of this standard to specify test methods for

ﬁtness products for use by individuals age 13 and above.

1.3 Requirements—Fitness Equipment is to be tested for all

of the following parameters:

1.3.1 Stability.

1.3.2 Edge and Corner Sharpness.

1.3.3 Tube Ends and Holes.

1.3.4 Function of Adjustments and Locking Mechanisms.

1.3.5 Handgrip Design and Retention.

1.3.6 Foot Supports.

1.3.7 Load Development and Transmitting Systems.

1.3.8 Chain and Gear Drive Design.

1.3.9 Entrapment Zones and Guarding.

1.3.10 Loading:

1.3.10.1 Intrinsic Loading.

1.3.10.2 Extrinsic Loading.

1.3.10.3 Handlebar Loading.

1.3.10.4 Endurance Loading.

(1) Seat frame endurance loading.

1.3.11 Switch and switch actuation mechanism endurance.

1.3.12 Electrical Guarding.

1.3.13 Maximum Surface Temperature.

1.3.14 Documentation and Warnings Veriﬁcation.

1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the

standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.

1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the

safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the

responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-

priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-

mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-

dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-

ization established in the Decision on Principles for the

Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-

mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical

Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

2. Referenced Documents

2.1 ASTM Standards:

F1749 Speciﬁcation for Fitness Equipment and Fitness Fa-

cility Safety Signage and Labels

F2276 Speciﬁcation for Fitness Equipment

2.2 European Standards:

EN 957-1 Stationary Training Equipment - Part 1: General

Safety Requirements and Test Methods

2.3 UL Standards:

UL 1439 Standard for Safety Test for Sharpness of Edges on

Equipment

These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on

Sports Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and are the direct responsibility

of Subcommittee F08.30 on Fitness Products.

Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2020. Published January 2021. Originally

approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as F2571 – 15. DOI:

10.1520/F2571-15R20.

For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or

contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM

Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on

the ASTM website.

Available from European Committee for Standardization (CEN), 36 rue de

Stassart, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium, http://www.cenorm.be.

Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), 333 Pﬁngsten Rd.,

Northbrook, IL 60062-2096, http://www.ul.com.

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the

Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

UL 1647 Motor-Operated Massage and Exercise Machines

UL 60335 Standard for Safety of Household and Similar

Electrical Appliances

2.4 ANSI Standards:

ANSI B29.1 Precision Power Transmission Roller Chains,

Attachments and Sprockets

3. Terminology

3.1 Deﬁnitions of Terms Speciﬁc to This Standard:

3.1.1 breakage, n—separation or damage to the structure or

components such that they will no longer support the applied

load.

3.1.2 user means, n—portion of the ﬁtness equipment that

the user operates to perform the desired function of the

machine. Examples include handles, lifting arms and rollers.

4. Signiﬁcance and Use

4.1 The purpose of these tests are to provide valid and

repeatable methods for the evaluation of ﬁtness equipment

assembled and maintained according to the manufacturer’s

speciﬁcations. Use of these test methods in conjunction with

Speciﬁcation F2276 is intended to maximize the reliability of

ﬁtness equipment design and reduce the risk of serious injury

resulting from design deﬁciencies.

5. Certiﬁcation

5.1 These test methods permit self-certiﬁcation. It is recom-

mended that each manufacturer employ an independent labo-

ratory to evaluate and validate that their designs and test

procedures conform and comply to these test methods and

Speciﬁcation F2276.

6. Sample Preparation

6.1 Assemble and adjust the ﬁtness equipment according to

the manufacturer’s instructions. On machines that are fully

assembled, verify according to the manufacturer’s instructions

that all components are functioning and that they have been

adjusted and aligned properly. Unless otherwise stated, the

machine must pass the tests without adjustment from this initial

condition.

6.2 The individual test methods will describe any variations

or modiﬁcations that are allowed or are required to the test

sample.

7. Test Methods and Procedures

7.1 Stability:

7.1.1 Fitness equipment that is designed for the user to

maintain balance as part of its function is not required to meet

the stability test (that is, a balance board is not tested for

stability).

7.1.2 Fitness equipment shall be tested with and without the

simulated user load in the orientation that is least stable.

Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,

4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.

FIG. 1 Tilt Test Illustation Represents Testing the Verticle Knee Raise Station

F2571 − 15 (2020)

7.1.3 Apparatus and Set-Up—Refer to Fig. 1. Place sample

on a non-skid surface inclined at 10° in the orientation that is

least stable. The sample shall rest on the supporting surface

without anchoring unless the installation instructions for the

machine require that the sample be anchored to the ﬂoor. If this

is the case, then anchor the specimen per the manufacturer’s

recommendations. Determine how the user is placed on the

machine to perform the exercise (that is, seated, standing, or

prone) and then determine how the user’s body weight is

distributed onto the user support surfaces. For the simulated

use test, a method of applying a steady state load equal to the

maximum speciﬁed users weight or 100 kg (220 lb), whichever

is greater, simulating the user’s weight and its distribution in

the vertical direction at the point(s) of user contact must be

provided. As an example, for a seated user, the user support

surface shall be adjusted to the uppermost position (if adjust-

able) and the center of gravity of the load shall be positioned

approximatly 300 mm (12 in.) above the user support surface.

Possible methods of providing this load include but are not

limited to dead weights.

7.1.4 Calibration—Using an angle measuring instrument

accurate to within 0.1°, verify the non skid surface is 10 6

0.5°. Calibrate the load measurement apparatus to conﬁrm

accuracy to within 620 N (4.5 lb) at the speciﬁed load of the

maximum speciﬁed user weight or 100 kg (220 lb), whichever

is greater.

7.1.5 Procedure—Test the sample as follows:

7.1.5.1 If the equipment has a storage position that is

different than the use position, place or adjust the machine into

that position. With the tilt surface inclined to 10° verify that the

sample does not tip over.

7.1.5.2 Reposition the sample into the use position. With the

sample machine [no user load applied] positioned on the tilt

surface verify that the sample does not tip over with the tilt

surface inclined to 10°.

7.1.5.3 Using an appropriate load apparatus such as dead

weights, distribute a vertical load equal to the maximum

speciﬁed user weight or 100 kg (220 lb), whichever is greater

(65 %), in a non-impact manner to the specimen where the

user contacts the machine during normal operation. [If only a

portion of the user’s body is supported by the machine during

operation, the simulated user weight shall be decreased by the

appropriate amount.] Raise and support any adjustable devices

or other user means to simulate the furthest point in the range

of travel so that its orientation would cause the least stable

condition as encountered during normal operation as shown in

Fig. 1. Verify that the sample does not tip over.

7.1.6 Pass/Fail Criteria—In none of the above test condi-

tions shall the sample tip over.

7.1.7 Precision and Bias—No information is presented

about either the precision or bias of the test for measuring

stability since the test result is non-quantitative.

7.2 Edge Sharpness:

7.2.1 The purpose of this test is to verify that there are no

edges in the accessible area that would constitute a risk of

injury. Where there is uncertainty, a sharp-edge tester as

speciﬁed by UL 1439 is to be employed.

7.2.2 Apparatus and Set-Up—The sample shall be set up as

described in 6.1.

7.2.3 Calibration—Calibrate sharp-edge tester per UL 1439.

7.2.4 Procedure—Examine the accessible areas by visual

and tactile means to ensure all parts are burr-free, rounded or

otherwise insufficiently sharp to constitute a risk of injury.

Wherever there may be uncertainty as to the sharpness of an

edge, use the edge tester and conduct the test per UL 1439.

7.2.5 Pass/Fail Criteria—Use the pass fail criteria of UL

1439 to determine if the sample passes this test.

7.2.6 Precision and Bias—No information is presented

about either the precision or bias of the test for evaluating sharp

edges since the test result is non-quantitative.

7.3 Corner Sharpness:

7.3.1 This test is a visual inspection of the sample to ensure

that all corners in the accessible areas are radiused or cham-

fered.

7.3.2 Apparatus and Set-Up—The sample shall be set up as

described in 6.1.

7.3.3 Calibration—No calibration required. Visual inspec-

tion only.

7.3.4 Procedure—Inspect all corners to verify that the cor-

ners have been radiused or chamfered.

7.3.5 Pass/Fail Criteria—All corners in the accessible area

shall be radiused or chamfered.

7.3.6 Precision and Bias—No information is presented

about either the precision or bias of the test for evaluating

corners since the test result is non-quantitative.

7.4 Tube Ends and Non-Functional Holes:

7.4.1 This test is a visual inspection of the unit to ensure that

all tube ends and non-functional holes in the accessible area are

closed off. Holes smaller than 9.5 mm (0.37 in.) are excluded.

Seat or other adjustment holes are exempt from this test.

7.4.2 Apparatus and Set-Up—The sample shall be set up as

described in 6.1.

7.4.3 Calibration—No calibration required. Visual inspec-

tion only.

7.4.4 Procedure—Inspect all tube ends and surfaces in the

accessible area to verify that the ends and non-functional holes

are closed off by other components, caps, plugs, or covers.

7.4.5 Pass/Fail Criteria—All tube ends in the accessible

area shall be closed off or the EN 957-1 test probe shall not be

able to be inserted.

7.4.6 Precision and Bias—No information is presented

about either the precision or bias of the test for evaluating tube

end closure since the test result is non-quantitative.

7.5 Adjustment and Locking Mechanism Function:

7.5.1 This test is a visual and physical inspection of the

adjustment or locking mechanisms, or both, used throughout

the sample. The purpose is to ensure that the design prevents

inadvertent disengagement, and that the adjustment or locking

means do not interfere with the user’s operation of the

machine.

7.5.2 Apparatus and Set-Up—The sample shall be set up as

described in 6.1. Obtain instructions or a descriptive explana-

tion of the function of the adjustment or locking systems used

on the sample from the manufacturer.

F2571 − 15 (2020)

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摘要：

ASTM F2571 - 15 (2020) 是一项由美国材料与试验协会（ASTM）发布的标准化测试方法，专门用于评估木质结构板材（如胶合板、定向刨花板（OSB）等）在静态弯曲条件下的抗弯性能。该标准通过测定试件的抗弯强度（MOR）、抗弯弹性模量（MOE）以及破坏时的变形量，为木基复合板材的结构性能提供关键数据支持。标准涵盖试样制备、加载速率、跨度设定及数据计算方法，适用于质量检测、工程设计和材料对比。2020年重新批准版本确认了其技术稳定性和持续适用性，是木结构建筑、包装材料及家具制造领域中可

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