ASTM G11 - 19

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Designation: G11 −19
Standard Practice for
Effects of Outdoor Weathering on Pipeline Coatings
1
This standard is issued under the ﬁxed designation G11; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice is intended to deﬁne conditions for the
exposure of coated metal pipe to weather.
1.2 This practice speciﬁes qualiﬁcations for the samples,
procedure to be followed in exposure to weather, and proce-
dure for evaluating effects of exposure including visual exami-
nation and other tests.
1.3 The values stated in SI units to three signiﬁcant deci-
mals are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in
parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
D7091 Practice for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry
Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to
Ferrous Metals and Nonmagnetic, Nonconductive Coat-
ings Applied to Non-Ferrous Metals
G7 Practice for Atmospheric Environmental Exposure Test-
ing of Nonmetallic Materials
G8 Test Methods for Cathodic Disbonding of Pipeline Coat-
ings
G10 Test Method for Speciﬁc Bendability of Pipeline Coat-
ings
G14 Test Method for Impact Resistance of Pipeline Coatings
(Falling Weight Test)
G62 Test Methods for Holiday Detection in Pipeline Coat-
ings
3. Summary of Practice
3.1 The effects of outdoor weathering on pipeline coatings
after 6, 12, and 24 months’ exposure are determined visually
and electrically by comparing exposed samples of coated pipe
with unexposed samples of coated pipe before and after impact
and bending tests. At the beginning of the test the unexposed
samples are qualiﬁed by a cathodic disbonding test.
4. Signiﬁcance and Use
4.1 Since coated pipe may be stored outdoors for long
periods before burial, weathering tests described in this prac-
tice are needed to evaluate the stability of these coatings stored
outdoors. The results obtained should be treated only as
indicating the general effect of weathering. Exposure condi-
tions vary greatly from year to year, from one part of a year to
another, and from locality to locality. The results of short-term
exposure tests in the north are more meaningful if exposure is
started in the summer followed by a winter season. In southern
areas where climatic conditions are more uniform throughout
the year, the time of year when short-term exposure is started
is less critical. In all localities, the longer the exposure period,
the more reliable are the results obtained.
5. Location of Test Sites
5.1 Weathering racks shall be located in cleared areas
representative of local outdoor weather conditions.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Racks—The horizontal racks shall be any suitable pipe
storage racks of sufficient height to prevent any undesirable
effects of vegetation growth during the period of exposure.
Racks may be constructed from a variety of materials, but pipe
specimens must rest on a nonconductive surface. An example
of a suitable rack is illustrated in Fig. 1.
7. Sampling
7.1 Each starting sample shall consist of coated 19.1 mm
(
3
⁄
4
in. nominal) diameter steel pipe from a production lot
having a minimum length of 4.4 m (14.4 ft). The sample shall
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.48 on Durability of Pipeline Coating and Linings.
Current edition approved April 15, 2019. Published May 2019. Originally
approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as G11 – 04 (2012). DOI:
10.1520/G0011-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
 

be from a lot produced under conditions capable of being

duplicated on a production scale.

NOTE 1—Pipe having a nominal diameter of 25.4 mm (1 in. nominal)

can be used and is the largest diameter that can be evaluated in accordance

with Test Method G10.

7.2 Each starting sample shall have a piece 610 mm (24 in.)

long cut from one end by sawing for use in qualiﬁcation testing

(Section 8) and designated the “qualiﬁcation sample.” The

remainder of each starting sample shall be designated the

“sample.”

7.3 The total number of samples for each coating in test

shall be four, divided as follows:

7.3.1 One to be removed after 6-months exposure,

7.3.2 One to be removed after 12-months exposure,

7.3.3 One to be removed after 24-months exposure, and

7.3.4 One to be used for determining original control values,

which should be obtained as soon as possible on receipt of the

pipe.

8. Procedure for Qualiﬁcation Testing

8.1 Test each qualiﬁcation sample in accordance with Test

Methods G8, Test Method B.

8.2 Begin qualiﬁcation testing at the same approximate time

as sample testing.

8.3 If the results of the qualiﬁcation testing are within the

precision limits given in Test Methods G8, consider the

samples to be reasonably equivalent and proceed with sample

testing.

8.4 If the results of the qualiﬁcation testing are not within

the precision limits given in Test Methods G8, consider the

samples to be unequivalent and discontinue exposure testing.

9. Procedure for Sample Testing

9.1 Identify the test samples with a letter, number, or

symbol for easy identiﬁcation after exposure. The marking

shall not interfere with either the exposure or the testing.

9.2 Note and record the appearance of the sample.

9.3 Measure and record the coating thickness in accordance

with Practice D7091.

9.4 Check coating for holidays with the appropriate

detector, as described in Test Methods G62.

9.5 Make two 80 mm (3 in.) long scribes through the

coating to bare metal. Begin one scribe at a point approxi-

mately 230 mm (9 in.) from one end of the pipe and continue

it for 80 mm (3 in.) along the length of the pipe; begin the other

scribe at a point approximately 230 mm (9 in.) from the

opposite end of the pipe and continue it for 80 mm (3 in.) along

the length of the pipe. Make sure that one scribe is on the top

of the pipe, the other on the bottom.

9.6 Mount the samples on the rack as shown in Fig. 1 with

one scribe facing skyward and one facing toward the ground.

Group the three samples together so that like samples are lying

alongside one another. Expose the samples in accordance with

Practice G7.

9.7 After exposure, again note and record the appearance of

the sample and check for holidays in the manner followed prior

to exposure. Examine the sample visually for cracking,

checking, blistering, corrosion, undercutting from the inten-

tional scribe, and any other form of impairment of the coating.

9.8 Finally, cut a 305 mm (12 in.) specimen from one end of

the sample, where the scribe is facing downward, and subject

NOTE 1—All lumber is to be pretreated and painted.

FIG. 1 Construction Details of a Suitable Outdoor Weathering Rack

G11−19

to an impact test in accordance with Test Method G14.Inthe
impact test, position the specimen so that the scribe faces
downward.
9.9 Subject the remaining 2.5 m (8.2 ft) to a bend test in
accordance with Test Method G10. In the bend test, position
the skyward face of the sample as the outside of the bend.
9.10 Follow the procedure in 9.7,9.8, and 9.9 on samples
removed after each of the three exposure periods and compare
results with those obtained on the control sample in 7.3.
10. Report
10.1 Report the following information:
10.1.1 Results of qualiﬁcation tests,
10.1.2 Sample number and description of coating system
including: surface preparation, method of application, and
coating thickness,
10.1.3 Appearance of sample and presence or absence of
holidays prior to exposure,
10.1.4 Appearance of sample, presence, or absence of
holidays after exposure, and duration of exposure,
10.1.5 Visual evidence of coating failure as noted by 9.7,
10.1.6 Results of impact and bend tests after exposure as
compared with those for the control sample, and
10.1.7 Type of environment and exposure.
11. Precision and Bias
11.1 Exposure conditions vary greatly from year to year,
from one part of the year to another, and from locality to
locality. The type of materials tested and material property
being measured will also affect the repeatability and reproduc-
ibility of results. Therefore, no speciﬁc statement about the
absolute precision or bias of the results obtained by this
practice can be made.
12. Keywords
12.1 coated pipe storage; outdoor weathering; pipeline coat-
ings; weather resistance
SUMMARY OF CHANGES
Committee D01 has identiﬁed the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue
(G11 – 04 (2012)) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved April 15, 2019.)
(1) Revised standard from Test Method to Practice.
(2) Updated Referenced Documents.
(3) Revised subsections 3.1,4.1,7.1,7.2,Note 1, the title of
Fig. 1, and Sections 9and 11.
ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned
in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk
of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.
This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every ﬁve years and
if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards
and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the
responsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should
make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.
This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,
United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above
address or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or service@astm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website
(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222
Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http://www.copyright.com/
G11−19
3
 

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摘要：

ASTM G11 - 19 是一项由美国材料与试验协会发布的标准测试方法，专门用于评定热处理后铁基或镍基合金管材在特定环境下的晶间腐蚀敏感性。该标准主要针对用于热交换器、冷凝器及其他类似设备的无缝或焊接管材，通过将试样浸入沸腾的硫酸-硫酸铜溶液中，并观察其弯曲后的表面裂纹或金相组织变化，来评估材料在晶界区域的腐蚀倾向。ASTM G11 - 19 是金属材料耐腐蚀性能检测领域的重要参考，广泛应用于石油化工、电力、船舶及海水淡化等行业中的材料筛选与质量控制。遵守该标准有助于制造方和使用方确保管材在高

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