BS 4428-1989_1999

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BRITISH STANDARD BS 4428:1989

Incorporating

Amendment No. 1

Code of practice for

general landscape

operations (excluding

hard surfaces)

UDC 712.3/.7:(083.75)

BS4428:1989

This British Standard, having

been prepared under the

directionof the Basic Data and

Performance Criteria for Civil

Engineering and Building

Structures Standards

Committee,was published

underthe authority of the Board

ofBSI and comes into effect on

31 August 1989

First published April 1969

First revision August 1989

The following BSI references

relate to the work on this

standard:

Committee reference BDB/5

Draft for comment 87/10155 DC

ISBN 0 580 17194 9

Committees responsible for this

British Standard

The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Basic Data and

Performance Criteria for Civil Engineering and Building Structures Standards

Committee (BDB/-) to Technical Committee BDB/5, upon which the following

bodies were represented:

Arboricultural Association

Association of County Councils

Association of District Councils

Association of Metropolitan Authorities

Building Employers’ Confederation

Construction Health and Safety Group

Department of the Environment, Property Services Agency

Engineering Equipment and Materials Users’ Association

Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors

Federation of Manufacturers of Construction Equipment and Cranes

Federation of Piling Specialists

Health and Safety Executive

Incorporated Association of Architects and Surveyors

Institute of Building Control

Institute of Clerks of Works of Great Britain Inc.

Institution of Civil Engineers

Institution of Environmental Health Officers

Institution of Structural Engineers

Landscape Institute

National Council of Building Materials Producers

National Federation of Demolition Contractors

Royal Institute of British Architects

Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors

Scottish Development Department

Trades Union Congress

The following bodies were also represented in the drafting of the standard,

through subcommittees and panels:

Association of Playing Fields Officers and Landscape Managers

British Aggregate Construction Materials Industries

British Association of Landscape Industries

British Railways Board

Electricity Supply Industry in England and Wales

Forestry Commission

Horticultural Trades Association

Institute of Groundsmanship

Institute of Leisure and Amenity Management

National Playing Fields Association

Royal Town Planning Institute

Sand and Gravel Association Limited

Amendments issued since publication

Amd. No. Date of issue Comments

6784 September

1991 Indicated by a sideline in the margin

BS4428:1989

Contents

Page

Committees responsible Inside front cover

Foreword iii

Section 1. General

1.1 Scope 1

1.2 Definitions 1

Section 2. Preliminary investigations

2.1 Site investigations before operations 2

2.2 Site enclosures 3

2.3 Existing services 3

2.4 Existing vegetation 3

2.5 Stripping and storage of topsoil and subsoil 4

2.6 Existing artefacts 4

Section 3. Drainage

3.1 General 5

3.2 Information needed for the design of drainage for general grass

landscaped areas 5

3.3 Design 5

3.4 Outlets 6

3.5 Drainage systems 6

Section 4. Grading and cultivation

4.1 Synopsis of operations needed 11

4.2 Recommended gradients 11

4.3 Work near trees 11

4.4 Category A: Major grading 11

4.5 Category B: Minor grading 15

4.6 Category C: Surface cultivation, and regulating within the

topsoil depth 15

4.7 Category D: Surface cultivation only 15

4.8 Topsoil 16

4.9 Fallow period 16

Section 5. Seeding of grass areas

5.1 Seed 18

5.2 Fertilizing 18

5.3 Preparation of seed bed 18

5.4 Turf edging to seeded areas 18

5.5 Sowing 18

5.6 Sowing on steep banks 18

5.7 Herbicide in young swards 19

5.8 Initial cut 19

Section 6. Turfing

6.1 Turf 20

6.2 Final preparation 20

6.3 Turf laying 20

6.4 Turfing to banks exceeding 30°21

6.5 Watering 21

Section 7. Amenity tree planting

7.1 Planting stock 22

7.2 Trees in relation to construction 22

7.3 Site preparation 22

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摘要：

BS 4428-1989（1999年确认）是英国标准中针对一般工程施工实践（如建筑场地清理、土方工程、排水及外部工程等）所制定的操作规范。该标准旨在为承包商、工程师和项目管理者提供在施工现场进行安全、高效且质量控制明确的作业指导。它涵盖了从场地准备到最终验收的各项流程要求，包括材料选择、施工方法与检测标准。由于该标准在1999年经过确认更新，确保了其内容在长期应用中的持续适用性。对于遵循英国建筑规范、进行施工方案编写或需满足国际项目合规性的从业者而言，BS 4428-1989_1999仍是一份经

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BS 4428-1989_1999

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