ASTM A500 - A 500M - 23

VIP免费

Carl 2024-09-02 61 231.52KB 6 页 14星币

Designation: A500/A500M −23
Standard Speciﬁcation for
Cold-Formed Welded and Seamless Carbon Steel Structural
Tubing in Rounds and Shapes
1
This standard is issued under the ﬁxed designation A500/A500M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This speciﬁcation covers cold-formed welded and seam-
less carbon steel round, square, rectangular, or special struc-
tural tubular shapes for welded, riveted, or bolted construction
of bridges and buildings, and for general structural purposes.
1.2 This tubing is produced in both welded and seamless
sizes with a periphery of 88 in. [2235 mm] or less, and a
speciﬁed wall thickness of 1.000 in. [25.4 mm] or less. Grade
D requires heat treatment.
NOTE 1—Products manufactured to this speciﬁcation may not be
suitable for those applications such as dynamically loaded elements in
welded structures, etc., where low-temperature notch-toughness
properties, which are typically measured by Charpy Impact testing, may
be important. There are other ASTM standards that do have CVN
requirements and may be more suitable for those applications.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the
standard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M”
designation of this speciﬁcation is speciﬁed in the order.
1.4 The text of this speciﬁcation contains notes and foot-
notes that provide explanatory material. Such notes and
footnotes, excluding those in tables and ﬁgures, do not contain
any mandatory requirements.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
A370 Test Methods and Deﬁnitions for Mechanical Testing
of Steel Products
A700 Guide for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods
for Steel Products for Shipment
A751 Test Methods and Practices for Chemical Analysis of
Steel Products
A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related
Alloys, and Ferroalloys
2.2 Military Standards:
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
3
MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products, Preparation for Ship-
ment and Storage
3
2.3 Federal Standards:
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment
3
Fed. Std. No. 183 Continuous Identiﬁcation Marking of Iron
and Steel Products
3
2.4 AIAG Standard:
B-1 Bar Code Symbology Standard
4
2.5 Steel Tube Institute:
5
Methods to Check Dimensional Tolerances on Hollow
Structural Sections
3. Terminology
3.1 Deﬁnitions—For deﬁnitions of terms used in this
speciﬁcation, refer to Terminology A941.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 It shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to specify
all requirements that are necessary for the products under this
speciﬁcation. Such requirements to be considered include, but
are not limited to, the following:
1
This speciﬁcation is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.09 on Carbon Steel Tubular Products.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2023. Published November 2023. Originally
approved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 2021 as A500/A500M – 21a.
DOI: 10.1520/A0500_A0500M-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700
Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
4
Available from Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG), 26200 Lahser Rd.,
Suite 200, Southﬁeld, MI 48033, http://www.aiag.org.
5
Available from the Steel Tube Institute (STI), 2516 Waukegan Rd., STE 172,
Glenview, IL 60025-1774, https://steeltubeinstitute.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1

4.1.1 Quantity (feet [metres] or number of lengths),
4.1.2 Name of material (cold-formed tubing),
4.1.3 Method of manufacture (seamless or welded),
4.1.4 Grade (B, C, or D),
4.1.5 Size (outside diameter and wall thickness for round
tubing, and outside dimensions and wall thickness for square
and rectangular tubing),
4.1.6 Copper-containing steel (see Table 1), if applicable,
4.1.7 Length (random, multiple, speciﬁc; see 11.3),
4.1.8 End condition (see 16.3),
4.1.9 Burr removal (see 16.3),
4.1.10 Certiﬁcation (see Section 18),
4.1.11 ASTM speciﬁcation designation and year of issue,
4.1.12 End use,
4.1.13 Special requirements,
4.1.14 Bar coding (see 19.3), and
4.1.15 Destructive Weld Tests required in addition to or in
lieu of those listed (see 10.8).
5. Process
5.1 The steel shall be made by one or more of the following
processes: basic-oxygen or electric-furnace.
5.2 When steels of different grades are sequentially strand
cast, the steel producer shall identify the resultant transition
material and remove it using an established procedure that
positively separates the grades.
6. Manufacture
6.1 The tubing shall be made by a seamless or welding
process.
6.2 Welded tubing shall be made from ﬂat-rolled steel by
the electric-resistance-welding process. The longitudinal butt
joint of welded tubing shall be welded across its thickness in
such a manner that the structural design strength of the tubing
section is assured.
6.3 The weld shall not be located within the radius of the
corners of any tubular shapes unless speciﬁed by the purchaser.
NOTE 2—Welded tubing is normally furnished without removal of the
inside ﬂash.
6.4 Except as required by 6.5, it shall be permissible for the
tubing to be stress relieved or annealed.
6.5 Grade D tubing shall be heat treated at a temperature of
at least 1100 °F [590 °C] for one hour per inch [25 mm] of
thickness.
7. Heat Analysis
7.1 Each heat analysis shall conform to the requirements
speciﬁed in Table 1 for heat analysis.
8. Product Analysis
8.1 The tubing shall be capable of conforming to the
requirements speciﬁed in Table 1 for product analysis.
8.2 If product analyses are made, they shall be made using
test specimens taken from two lengths of tubing from each lot
of 500 lengths, or fraction thereof, or two pieces of ﬂat-rolled
stock from each lot of a corresponding quantity of ﬂat-rolled
stock. Methods and practices relating to chemical analysis shall
be in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminol-
ogy A751. Such product analyses shall conform to the require-
ments speciﬁed in Table 1 for product analysis.
8.3 If both product analyses representing a lot fail to
conform to the speciﬁed requirements, the lot shall be rejected.
8.4 If only one product analysis representing a lot fails to
conform to the speciﬁed requirements, product analyses shall
be made using two additional test specimens taken from the lot.
Both additional product analyses shall conform to the speciﬁed
requirements or the lot shall be rejected.
9. Tensile Requirements
9.1 The material, as represented by the test specimen, shall
conform to the requirements as to tensile properties prescribed
in Table 2.
10. Flattening Test, Flaring Test, and Wedge Crush Test
10.1 The ﬂattening test shall be made on round structural
tubing. A ﬂaring test on round tubing up to and including 10 in.
in diameter can be made if stated in the purchase order. Either
a ﬂattening test, ﬂaring test or a wedge crush test shall be made
on square and rectangular tubular shapes with a side up to and
including 10 in. except when the customer speciﬁes the weld to
be located in the corner. Destructive weld tests on tubular
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Element
Composition, %
Grades B and D Grade C
Heat
Analysis
Product
Analysis
Heat
Analysis
Product
Analysis
Carbon, max
A
0.26 0.30 0.23 0.27
Manganese, max
A
1.35 1.40 1.35 1.40
Phosphorus, max 0.035 0.045 0.035 0.045
Sulfur, max 0.035 0.045 0.035 0.045
Copper, min
B
0.20 0.18 0.20 0.18
A
For each reduction of 0.01 percentage point below the speciﬁed maximum for
carbon, an increase of 0.06 percentage point above the speciﬁed maximum for
manganese is permitted, up to a maximum of 1.50 % by heat analysis and 1.60 %
by product analysis.
B
If copper-containing steel is speciﬁed in the purchase order.
TABLE 2 Tensile Requirements
Round, Square, Rectangular, and Special Tubular Shapes
Grade B Grade C Grade D
Tensile strength, min,
psi [MPa]
58 000
[400]
62 000
[425]
58 000
[400]
Yield strength, min, psi
[MPa]
46 000
[315]
50 000
[345]
36 000
[250]
Elongation in 2 in. [50
mm], min, %
C
23
A
21
B
23
A
A
Applies to speciﬁed wall thicknesses (t) equal to or greater than 0.180 in. [4.57
mm]. For lighter speciﬁed wall thicknesses, the minimum elongation values shall
be calculated by the formula: percent elongation in 2 in. [50 mm] = 61t+ 12,
rounded to the nearest percent. For A500M use the following formula: 2.4t+ 12,
rounded to the nearest percent.
B
Applies to speciﬁed wall thicknesses (t) equal to or greater than 0.120 in. [3.05
mm]. For lighter speciﬁed wall thicknesses, the minimum elongation values shall
be by agreement with the manufacturer.
C
The minimum elongation values speciﬁed apply only to tests performed prior to
shipment of the tubing.
A500/A500M − 23
2

shapes that are not round, square or rectangular are to be

agreed upon in advance between the producer and purchaser.

10.2 For welded structural tubing, a test specimen at least 4

in. [100 mm] in length shall be ﬂattened cold between parallel

plates in three steps, with the weld located 90° from the line of

direction of force. During the ﬁrst step, which is a test for

ductility of the weld, no cracks or breaks on the inside or

outside surfaces of the test specimen shall be present until the

distance between the plates is less than two-thirds of the

speciﬁed outside diameter of the tubing. For the second step,

no cracks or breaks on the inside or outside parent metal

surfaces of the test specimen, except as provided for in 10.5,

shall be present until the distance between the plates is less

than one-half of the speciﬁed outside diameter of the tubing.

During the third step, which is a test for soundness, the

ﬂattening shall be continued until the test specimen breaks or

the opposite walls of the test specimen meet. Evidence of

laminated or unsound material or of incomplete weld that is

revealed during the entire ﬂattening test shall be cause for

rejection.

10.3 For seamless round structural tubing 2

⁄

in. [60 mm]

speciﬁed outside diameter and larger, a specimen not less than

⁄

in. [65 mm] in length shall be ﬂattened cold between

parallel plates in two steps. During the ﬁrst step, which is a test

for ductility, no cracks or breaks on the inside or outside

surfaces, except as provided for in 10.5, shall occur until the

distance between the plates is less than the value of “H”

calculated by the following equation:

11e

e1t/D

(1)

where:

H= distance between ﬂattening plates, in. [mm],

e= deformation per unit length (constant for a given grade

of steel, 0.07 for Grade B, and 0.06 for Grade C),

t= speciﬁed wall thickness of tubing, in. [mm], and

D= speciﬁed outside diameter of tubing, in. [mm].

During the second step, which is a test for soundness, the

ﬂattening shall be continued until the specimen breaks or the

opposite walls of the specimen meet. Evidence of laminated or

unsound material that is revealed during the entire ﬂattening

test shall be cause for rejection.

10.4 Surface imperfections not found in the test specimen

before ﬂattening, but revealed during the ﬁrst step of the

ﬂattening test, shall be judged in accordance with Section 15.

10.5 When low D-to-tratio tubulars are tested, because the

strain imposed due to geometry is unreasonably high on the

inside surface at the 6 and 12 o’clock locations, cracks at these

locations shall not be cause for rejection if the D-to-tratio is

less than 10.

10.6 Flaring Test—A section of tube shall stand being ﬂared

with a tool having a 60° included angle until the weld area has

been expanded a minimum of 15 % of the inside dimension for

rounds and squares without any cracking in the weld area. For

rectangles, the side containing the weld area and the side

opposite the weld area shall be expanded a minimum of 15 %

based on the average of the smallest and largest inside

dimensions without any cracking in the weld area. The cone

tool shall not have a weld relief groove. Cracking in the corners

of square, rectangular, or other tubular shapes after ﬂaring is

not grounds for rejection.

10.7 Wedge Crush Test—A test specimen at least 4 in. [100

mm] in length shall be placed under the hydraulic press ram

with the weld directly underneath the tapered ram wedge. The

tapered ram wedge shall be tapered at 30° and rounded at the

contact point to a

⁄

in. radius. No cracks or breaks on the

inside or outside surfaces of the test specimen shall be present

until the tube has collapsed to at least one half its speciﬁed

dimension.

10.8 Other destructive weld tests may be requested in lieu of

or in addition to the tests listed. The purchaser should contact

the producer to determine their availability.

11. Permissible Variations in Dimensions

11.1 Outside Dimensions:

11.1.1 Round Structural Tubing—The outside diameter shall

not vary more than 60.5 %, rounded to the nearest 0.005 in.

[0.1 mm], from the speciﬁed outside diameter for speciﬁed

outside diameters 1.900 in. [48 mm] and smaller, and

60.75 %, rounded to the nearest 0.005 in. [0.1 mm], from the

speciﬁed outside diameter for speciﬁed outside diameters 2.00

in. [5 cm] and larger. The outside diameter measurements shall

be made at positions at least 2 in. [5 cm] from the ends of the

tubing.

11.1.2 Square and Rectangular Structural Tubing—The out-

side dimensions, measured across the ﬂats at positions at least

2 in. [5 cm] from the ends of the tubing, shall not vary from the

speciﬁed outside dimensions by more than the applicable

amount given in Table 3, which includes an allowance for

convexity or concavity.

11.2 Wall Thickness—The minimum wall thickness exclud-

ing the weld seam of welded tubing if supplied with the inside

ﬂash not being removed shall be not more than 10 % less than

the speciﬁed wall thickness. If the welded tubing is supplied

with the inside ﬂash removed, then the weld seam shall be

included in the wall thickness measurement and shall be not

TABLE 3 Permissible Variations in Outside Flat Dimensions for

Square and Rectangular Structural Tubing

Speciﬁed Outside Large Flat Dimension,

in. [mm]

Permissible Variations

Over and Under Speciﬁed

Outside Flat Dimensions,

in. [mm]

⁄

[65] or under 0.020 [0.5]

Over 2

⁄

to 3

⁄

[65 to 90], incl 0.025 [0.6]

Over 3

⁄

to 5

⁄

[90 to 140], incl 0.030 [0.8]

Over 5

⁄

[140] 0.01 times large ﬂat

dimension

The permissible variations include allowances for convexity and concavity. For

rectangular tubing having a ratio of outside large to small ﬂat dimension less than

1.5, and for square tubing, the permissible variations in small ﬂat dimension shall

be identical to the permissible variations in large ﬂat dimension. For rectangular

tubing having a ratio of outside large to small ﬂat dimension in the range of 1.5 to

3.0 inclusive, the permissible variations in small ﬂat dimension shall be 1.5 times

the permissible variations in large ﬂat dimension. For rectangular tubing having a

ratio of outside large to small ﬂat dimension greater than 3.0, the permissible

variations in small ﬂat dimension shall be 2.0 times the permissible variations in

large ﬂat dimension.

A500/A500M − 23

文档加载中……请稍候！
如果长时间未打开，您也可以点击刷新试试。

下载文档到电脑，查找使用更方便

亲，本站95%以上的标准规范都面向会员免费，办理VIP会员下载更省钱，平均每篇不到2元

立即下载 VIP免费下载

摘要：

ASTM A500 - A 500M - 23 是 ASTM 国际标准组织发布的最新版本规范，涵盖冷成型焊接和无缝碳素钢圆管、方管及矩形管，适用于结构用途。该标准定义了材料在屈服强度、抗拉强度、化学成分及尺寸公差方面的要求，广泛用于建筑、桥梁、塔架、机械制造等工程领域。A500 与 A500M 分别对应英制单位和公制单位版本。本规范还区分了 Grade A、B、C 等多种等级，以满足不同承载力与韧性需求。作为结构钢管行业的重要参考标准，ASTM A500 - A 500M - 23 强调质量控制

展开>> 收起<<

ASTM A500 - A 500M - 23.pdf

共6页,预览4页

还剩页未读，继续阅读

声明：本文档系会员上传，若文档所含内容侵犯了您的版权或隐私，请立即通知，我们立即给予侵权申诉删除！

ASTM A500 - A 500M - 23

相关推荐

开通VIP享超值会员特权

相关内容

热门标签

举报选择: