ASTM B361 - 16

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Designation: B361 −16
Standard Speciﬁcation for
Factory-Made Wrought Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy
Welding Fittings
1
This standard is issued under the ﬁxed designation B361; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This speciﬁcation covers only factory-made wrought
aluminum and aluminum-alloy welding ﬁttings in contrast to
ﬁeld-made ﬁttings. The term “welding ﬁttings” applies to
butt-welding or socket-end parts, such as 45° elbows, 180°
return bends, 90° short radius elbows, and other types made to
the dimensional standards speciﬁed by ASME B16.9 and
B16.11.
NOTE 1—Throughout this speciﬁcation use of the term alloy in the
general sense includes aluminum as well as aluminum-alloy.
1.2 For acceptance criteria for inclusion of new aluminum
and aluminum alloys in this speciﬁcation, see Annex A1.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and heal practices and determine the applicability
of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on date
of material purchase form a part of this speciﬁcation to the
extent referenced herein:
2.2 ASTM Standards:
2
B209 Speciﬁcation for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy
Sheet and Plate
B210 Speciﬁcation for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy
Drawn Seamless Tubes
B211 Speciﬁcation for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy
Rolled or Cold Finished Bar, Rod, and Wire
B221 Speciﬁcation for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Ex-
truded Bars, Rods, Wire, Proﬁles, and Tubes
B234 Speciﬁcation for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy
Drawn Seamless Tubes for Condensers and Heat Ex-
changers
B241/B241M Speciﬁcation for Aluminum and Aluminum-
Alloy Seamless Pipe and Seamless Extruded Tube
B247 Speciﬁcation for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Die
Forgings, Hand Forgings, and Rolled Ring Forgings
B660 Practices for Packaging/Packing of Aluminum and
Magnesium Products
B881 Terminology Relating to Aluminum- and Magnesium-
Alloy Products
D3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
2.3 ANSI Standards:
H35.1/H35.1(M) Alloy and Temper Designation Systems
for Aluminum
3
2.4 ASME Standards:
B16.9 Factory-Made Wrought Butt-Welding Fittings
4
B16.11 Forged Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded
4
Section VIII Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
4
Section IX Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
4
2.5 AWS Standards:
AWS D10.7M/D10.7 Recommended Practices for Gas
Shielded-Arc Welding of Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy
Pipe
5
2.6 Manufacturers’ Standardization Society of the Valve and
Fittings Industry:
MSS SP 25 Standard Marking System for Valves, Fittings,
Flanges and Unions
6
1
This speciﬁcation is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on Light
Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.03 on
Aluminum Alloy Wrought Products.
Current edition approved May 1, 2016. Published May 2016. Originally
approved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as B361 – 08. DOI:
10.1520/B0361-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3
Available from Aluminum Association, Inc., 1400 Crystal Drive Suite 430,
Arlington, VA 22202, http://www.aluminum.org.
4
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
www.asme.org.
5
Available from American Welding Society (AWS), 550 NW LeJeune Rd.,
Miami, FL 33126, http://www.aws.org.
6
Available from Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings
Industry (MSS), 127 Park St., NE, Vienna, VA 22180-4602, http://www.mss-
hq.com.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
 

2.7 Federal Standards:
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
7
2.8 American Society for Nondestructive Testing Standard:
ASNT Recommended Practice No. SNT-TC-1A Personnel
Qualiﬁcation and Certiﬁcation in Nondestructive Testing
8
3. Terminology
3.1 Deﬁnitions—Deﬁnitions: Refer to ASTM Terminology
B881 for deﬁnitions of product terms used in this speciﬁcation.
3.2 Deﬁnitions of Terms Speciﬁc to This Standard:
3.2.1 capable of—The term capable of as used in this
speciﬁcation means that the test need not be performed by the
producer of the material. However, should testing by the
purchaser establish that the material does not meet these
requirements, the material shall be subject to rejection.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 Orders for material to this speciﬁcation shall include the
following information:
4.1.1 This speciﬁcation designation (which includes the
number, the year, and the revision letter, if applicable),
4.1.2 Size, shape, and dimensions (8.1),
4.1.3 Quantity in number of pieces,
4.1.4 Alloy (Section 5),
4.1.5 Temper (Section 5),
4.1.6 Class WP***S and WP***W (seamless or welded)
shall be speciﬁed.
4.2 Additionally, orders for material to this speciﬁcation
shall include the following information when required by the
purchaser:
4.2.1 Whether tension tests of ﬁnished ﬁttings are required
(9.1),
4.2.2 Whether hydrostatic tests are required (10.2),
4.2.3 Whether inspection or witness of inspection and tests
by the purchaser’s representative is required prior to material
shipment (Section 11),
4.2.4 Whether Practices B660 applies and, if so, the levels
of preservation, packaging, and packing required (14.3), and
4.2.5 Whether certiﬁcation is required (Section 15).
4.2.6 For civil agencies, whether marking for shipment shall
be in accordance with Fed. Std. No. 123 or ASTM Practice
D3951.
5. Material
5.1 The aluminum or aluminum-alloy material used in the
manufacture of the ﬁttings shall be in accordance with the alloy
and temper speciﬁed in the order. The material shall be in the
form of rod, bar, forgings, sheet, plate, seamless pipe or
seamless tube, each of which conforms to all requirements of
the applicable ASTM speciﬁcations for the particular form and
alloy involved. The applicable ASTM speciﬁcations and alloy
designations are listed in Table 1.
6. Manufacture
6.1 Forging or shaping operations may be performed by
hammering, pressing, piercing, rolling, extruding, upsetting,
bending, fusion welding, machining, or by a combination of
two or more of these operations. The forming procedure shall
be so applied that it will not produce injurious defects in the
ﬁttings.
6.2 Fittings ordered as Class WP***S shall be of seamless
construction and meet all requirements of ASME B16.9.
6.3 Fittings ordered as Class WP***W shall meet the
requirements of ASME B16.9 and shall have full penetration
fusion welds radiographically examined throughout their entire
length in accordance with Paragraph UW-51 of Section VIII,
Division 1, of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. The
radiography of this class of ﬁttings may be done either prior to
or after forming at the option of the manufacturer.
6.3.1 All welds shall be made in accordance with proce-
dures by welders or welding operators qualiﬁed under the
requirements of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,
Section IX.
6.3.2 Personnel performing NDE examinations shall be
qualiﬁed in accordance with SNT-TC-1A.
6.4 For welds made in accordance with the ASME Boiler
and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX, the joint shall be
reinforced at the center of the weld by at least
1
⁄
16
in. (1.6 mm)
but not more than
1
⁄
8
in. (3.2 mm). Unless otherwise agreed
upon between the producer and the purchaser, this reinforce-
ment may be removed at the producer’s option. The contour of
the reinforcement shall be smooth, with no valley or groove
along the edge or in the center of the weld, and the deposited
metal shall be fused smoothly and uniformly into the surface of
the original material. The ﬁnish of the welded joint shall be
reasonably smooth and free of irregularities, grooves, or
depressions.
7. Responsibility for Quality Assurance
7.1 Responsibility for Inspection and Tests—Unless other-
wise speciﬁed in the contract or purchase order, the producer is
responsible for the performance of all inspection and test
requirements speciﬁed herein. Except as otherwise speciﬁed in
the contract or order, the producer may use his own or any
other suitable facilities for the performance of the inspection
and test requirements speciﬁed herein, unless disapproved by
the purchaser. The purchaser shall have the right to perform
any of the inspections and tests set forth in this speciﬁcation
where such inspections are deemed necessary to assure that
material conforms to prescribed requirements.
7.2 Lot Deﬁnition—An inspection lot shall consist of all
ﬁttings of the same alloy, size, shape, and dimensions subjected
to inspection at one time.
8. General Quality
8.1 The sizes, shapes, and dimensions, and, unless other-
wise speciﬁed, the end preparation (Note 2), shall be as
speciﬁed for ﬁttings covered by ASME B16.9 and B16.11.
NOTE 2—Other types of end preparations have been developed such as
7
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
www.dodssp.daps.mil.
8
Available from American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT), P.O. Box
28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http://www.asnt.org.
B361 − 16
2
 

the “V” groove of ASME B16.9 and B16.11, which appear to be superior
to the straight bevel under many circumstances. They may be speciﬁed
when desired. The so-called “modiﬁed vee” end preparation described in
AWS D10.7 is one example.
8.2 Unless otherwise speciﬁed, the material shall be sup-
plied in the mill ﬁnish and shall be uniform as deﬁned by the
requirements of this speciﬁcation and shall be commercially
sound. Any requirement not so covered is subject to negotia-
tion between producer and purchaser.
9. Tension Tests
9.1 Tension tests of the ﬁnished ﬁttings are not required,
unless otherwise agreed upon between the producer and the
purchaser and so speciﬁed in the order. When tension tests are
made, methods of test, test specimens, and sampling frequency
shall be agreed upon between the producer and the purchaser.
10. Hydrostatic Tests
10.1 Welding ﬁttings shall be capable of withstanding an
internal hydrostatic pressure, calculated according to the fol-
lowing equation, without developing leaks:
P52St/D(1)
where:
P= maximum hydrostatic test pressure (gauge), psi (MPa)
(Note 3),
S= 0.50 times the minimum speciﬁed yield strength of the
designated material, psi (MPa),
t= nominal wall thickness, in. (mm) of designated sched-
ule number (Note 4), and
D= outside diameter at bevel, in. (mm).
10.2 Hydrostatic acceptance tests shall be made only when
agreed upon between the producer and the purchaser and so
speciﬁed in the order.
NOTE 3—See Appendix X1.
NOTE 4—For nominal wall thicknesses corresponding to schedule
numbers, see Speciﬁcation B241/B241M.
11. Source Inspection
11.1 If the purchaser desires that his representative inspect
or witness the inspection and testing of the material prior to
TABLE 1 Requirements for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Materials Used in the Manufacture of Fittings
Applicable ASTM Speciﬁcations
Alloy Designation
A,B
Type of Material
Pipe or Tube Plate Bar Forging
WP1060
C
99.6 % pure aluminum B210
B221
B234
B241/B241M B209
B211
B221 ...
WP1100
C
commercially pure low-strength aluminum B210
B221
B241/B241M B209
B211
B221 B247
WP3003
C
aluminum-base manganese alloy B210
B221
B234
B241/B241M B209
B211
B221 B247
WP Alclad
C
3003 aluminum-base manganese alloy core, clad on one
side (inside only) in case of pipe
B210
B221
B234
B241/B241M B209
WP5083
D
aluminum-base magnesium-manganese alloy B210
B221
B241/B241M B209 B221 B247
WP5086
D
aluminum-base magnesium-manganese alloy B210
B221
B241/B241M B209 B221
WP5154
C
aluminum-base magnesium alloy B210
B221 B209
B211
B221
WP6061 aluminum-base magnesium-silicon heat-treatable alloy B210
B221
B234
B241/B241M B209
B211
B221 B247
WP6063 aluminum-base magnesium-silicon heat-treatable alloy B210
B221
B241/B241M ... B221 ...
A
When ﬁttings are of welded construction, designation shall be supplemented by the suffix “W.’’
B
These alloy designations were established in accordance with ANS1 H35.1/H35.1(M), except for the letter symbols “WP,’’ which denote wrought product.
C
Fittings in nonheat-treatable alloys 1060, 1100, 3003, Alclad 3003, and 5154 are available only in the F or H112 tempers as covered by the applicable raw material
speciﬁcation.
D
Fittings in nonheat-treatable alloys 5083 and 5086 are available in the O, F, or H112 tempers as covered by the applicable raw material speciﬁcation.
B361 − 16
3
 

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摘要：

ASTM B361 - 16 是ASTM国际标准组织发布的关于锻造碳钢与合金钢管道配件的标准规范，主要涵盖了适用于高温及一般腐蚀性环境下使用的无缝与有缝焊接管件的材料成分、机械性能、制造工艺及测试要求。该标准首次发布于1916年，最新版本为2016年修订版，广泛用于石油、化工、电力及造船等工业领域。遵循ASTM B361 - 16可确保管件在高压、高温及腐蚀介质中具备可靠的连接性能与耐久性，帮助工程人员选材、采购及质量验收。该标准与ASME B16.9、B16.11等尺寸标准配套使用，是管道系统

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