ASTM C209 - 20

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Designation: C209 −20
Standard Test Methods for
Cellulosic Fiber Insulating Board
1
This standard is issued under the ﬁxed designation C209; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover those insulation products in
speciﬁed Speciﬁcation C208. The requirements for the prod-
ucts’ physical properties are speciﬁed in Speciﬁcation C208.
The methods for the general insulation products’ physical
properties are given as follows:
Section
Thickness 7
Size of Finished Board 8
Thermal Conductivity 9
Transverse Strength 10
Deﬂection at Speciﬁed Minimum Load 11
Tensile Strength Parallel to Surface 12
Tensile Strength Perpendicular to Surface 13
Water Absorption 14
Linear Expansion 15
Water Vapor Transmission 16
Flame Spread Index 17
Moisture Content and Density 18
Compressive Strength 19
1.2 Reference is provided to an established source for
nomenclature and deﬁnitions.
1.3 Several of the test methods contained in this document
are referenced by material speciﬁcations other than cellulosic
ﬁber insulating board. These include mineral ﬁber, perlite,
polyisocyanurate, polystyrene and phenolic materials.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
C165 Test Method for Measuring Compressive Properties of
Thermal Insulations
C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
C177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-
ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of
the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
C208 Speciﬁcation for Cellulosic Fiber Insulating Board
C303 Test Method for Dimensions and Density of Pre-
formed Block and Board–Type Thermal Insulation
C518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission
Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
C870 Practice for Conditioning of Thermal Insulating Ma-
terials
C1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal Transmission Prop-
erties Under Steady-State Conditions
C1114 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission
Properties by Means of the Thin-Heater Apparatus
C1616 Test Method for Determining the Moisture Content
of Organic and Inorganic Insulation Materials by Weight
C1763 Test Method for Water Absorption by Immersion of
Thermal Insulation Materials
D1037 Test Methods for Evaluating Properties of Wood-
Base Fiber and Particle Panel Materials
D1554 Terminology Relating to Wood-Base Fiber and Par-
ticle Panel Materials
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of
Building Materials
E96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of
Materials
3. Terminology
3.1 Deﬁnitions—The deﬁnitions of terms used in these
methods shall be in accordance with Deﬁnitions D1554 and
Terminology C168.
3.2 cellulosic ﬁber insulating board—a ﬁbrous-felted, ho-
mogeneous panel made from ligno-cellulosic ﬁbers (usually
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on
Thermal Insulation and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.32 on
Mechanical Properties.
Current edition approved March 15, 2020. Published March 2020. Originally
approved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as C209 – 15. DOI:
10.1520/C0209-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

wood ) and having a density of less than 31 lb/ft

(497 kg/m

)

but more than 10 lb/ft

(160 kg/m

3.2.1 Discussion—Cellulosic ﬁber insulating board. It is

characterized by an integral bond that is produced by interfelt-

ing of the ﬁbers, but which has not been consolidated under

heat and pressure as a separate stage in manufacture. Other

materials may be added during manufacture to improve certain

properties.

3.3 Deﬁnitions of Terms Speciﬁc to This Standard:

3.3.1 board—refers to the material as received.

3.3.2 sample—refers to the 36 by 48-in. (0.9 by 1.2-m) piece

cut from a board.

3.3.3 test specimen—refers to the test piece cut from a

sample unless otherwise speciﬁed in the test method.

3.3.4 sorption—a general term in physical chemistry used to

describe the combined processes of:

(1) absorption—refers to the taking up of matter in bulk by

other matter, for example, the penetration of substances into

the bulk of another solid or liquid.

(2) adsorption—refers to surface retention or adhesion of

an extremely thin layer of molecules to the surfaces of solids or

liquids with which they are in contact.

4. Signiﬁcance and Use

4.1 The test methods contained in this document are in-

tended for cellulosic ﬁber insulating board as described in

Speciﬁcation C208. These test methods examine mechanical,

physical and thermal properties, properties related to water

absorption and water vapor exposure, and ﬂammability related

properties.

4.2 The results of these tests are suitable to describe the

performance of insulating board and are also suitable for use in

material speciﬁcations.

NOTE 1—Committee C-16 is in the process of splitting this document

into discrete test methods categorized by the nature of the test methods.

5. Sampling

5.1 Selection of Boards—Refer to Speciﬁcation C208, Sec-

tion 9 on Sampling.

5.2 Size of Sample—From each board a sample, 36 by 48 in.

(0.9 by 1.2 m) shall be cut. When possible, the larger

dimension of the sample shall be crosswise of the longer

dimension of the board as it is usually obtained. When the

individual boards are less than 36 by 48 in. (0.9 by 1.2 m) in

size, enough material shall be taken to give the equivalent area.

6. Test Conditions

6.1 Preconditioning—Tests shall be made under prevailing

atmospheric conditions except in the case of dispute. Tests then

shall be made on specimens conditioned until equilibrium is

obtained in accordance with Practice C870.

7. Thickness

7.1 Apparatus—An instrument such as a dial gage capable

of measuring a 36 by 48 in. (0.9 by 12 m) sample, on which the

contacting surfaces are ﬂat and have a minimum diameter of

⁄

in. (13 mm) shall be used. Pressure on the contacting surfaces

shall not be greater than 1 psi (6.9 kPa) nor less than 0.25 psi

(1.7 kPa), and the instrument shall read to an accuracy of 0.001

in. (0.03 mm).

7.2 Procedure—Measure the thickness at ﬁve points, near

each corner and near the center, to an accuracy of 60.001 in.

(60.02 mm). Take care that the sample is not deformed when

the thickness measurements are taken.

7.3 Calculation and Report—Report the average of the ﬁve

measurements as the average thickness of the sample. Report

as the average thickness of the sample, the average thickness of

the lot, report thickness tolerance, as follows:

Thickness tolerance 5

(1)

where:

= average thickness of lot, and

= average thickness of sample.

8. Size of Finished Board

8.1 Procedure—Obtain the average width of the ﬁnished

board by measuring the width at each end and at the middle to

an accuracy of 60.3 % or

⁄

in. (2 mm), whichever is smaller,

and averaging these readings. Obtain the average length of the

ﬁnished board in a similar manner.

9. Thermal Conductivity

9.1 Procedure—Determine thermal conductivity in accor-

dance with Test Method C177, or in accordance with Test

Methods C518,C1045 or C1114. Test two specimens from one

sample from one board.

10. Transverse Strength

10.1 Apparatus:

10.1.1 Testing Machine—Any standard mechanical or hy-

draulic testing machine capable of applying and measuring the

required load within an accuracy of 62 % is suitable for use.

10.1.2 Bearing Edges—The bearing edges shall be rounded

to a radius of

⁄

in. (10 mm) to prevent injury to the specimen.

The bearing edges shall be straight and shall maintain full

contact with the specimen throughout the test.

10.2 Test Specimen—The specimen shall be 3 by 15 in. (76

by 381 mm) and conditioned in accordance with 6.1. Three

specimens from the long dimension of each sample from each

board and three at right angles shall be tested. If the sample has

a dimension less than 15 in. (381 mm), test only in that

direction for which a 15 in. (381 mm) specimen can be

obtained.

10.3 Procedure—Determine the transverse load by placing

the specimen on horizontal bearing edges 12 in. (305 mm)

apart and applying the load at midspan on a bearing parallel to

the end supports, so that the head of the testing machines,

through which the load is applied, moves at a rate of 6 62

in./min (152 651 mm/min) until failure occurs.

10.4 Calculation and Report—Report as the transverse load

for specimen, the maximum load reached during the test.

Report as the average transverse load in pounds-force (or

C209 − 20

Newtons) in each direction for a sample, the average of three
specimens taken from that direction. Report as the total
average transverse load in each direction, the average of all
samples in that direction. Calculate modulus of rupture values
in pounds-force per square inch (or megapascals) as follows:
MOR 56P/t
2
(2)
where:
MOR = Modulus of rupture, psi (MPa),
P= Transverse load, lbf (N), and
t= thickness, in. (mm).
10.5 Precision and Bias—See Section 20.
11. Deﬂection at Speciﬁc Minimum Load
11.1 Procedure—Determine, to the nearest 0.01 in. (0.3
mm), the deﬂection at the corner of each specimen subjected to
the minimum transverse load, by means of a suitable measur-
ing device such as a dial gage under the specimen, a steel rule
alongside the specimen, or measurement of the crosshead
movement.
11.2 Calculation and Report—Report as the average deﬂec-
tion in each direction for a sample, the average of three
specimens taken from that direction. Report as the total
average deﬂection in each direction, the average of all samples
in that direction.
11.3 Precision and Bias—See Section 20.
12. Tensile Strength Parallel to Surface
12.1 Apparatus—Any standard mechanical or hydraulic
testing machine capable of applying and measuring the re-
quired load within an accuracy of 62 % is suitable for use.
12.2 Test Specimen—Specimens shall be prepared in accor-
dance with Fig. 1, and conditioned in accordance with 6.1.
Three specimens from the long direction of each sample from
each board and three at right angles thereto shall be tested.
12.3 Procedure—Set the testing machine for a rate of
separation of the jaws of 2 6
1
⁄
4
in./min (51 66 mm/min).
Clamp the specimens in the jaws at a minimum distance of 6
in. (152 mm) apart. Specimens breaking within
1
⁄
2
in. (13 mm)
of the jaws shall be disregarded. Measure the specimens, after
breaking, for width and thickness at the break to the nearest
0.01 in. (0.3 mm).
12.4 Calculation and Report—Report as the average tensile
strength in each direction for a sample, the average, in
pounds-force per square inch (or kilopascals), of the three
specimens taken from that direction. Report as the total
average value in each direction, the average of all samples in
that direction.
12.5 Precision and Bias—See Section 20.
13. Tensile Strength Perpendicular to Surface
13.1 Apparatus—The apparatus shall be as shown in Fig. 2
and shall consist of two blocks 2 by 2 by 1
1
⁄
4
in. (51 by 51 by
32 mm) supplied with hooks in the center as shown in Fig. 2.
Any standard mechanical or hydraulic testing machine capable
of applying and measuring the required load within an accu-
racy of 62 % is suitable for use.
13.2 Test Specimens—The specimen shall be cut to match
the lateral dimensions of the test block in 13.1 and conditioned
in accordance with 6.1. Two specimens shall be tested, one
each from the sample from two boards.
13.3 Procedure—Cement the two surfaces of the specimens
to the blocks with a suitable adhesive. After the adhesive has
set a sufficient length of time, apply a load at the rate of 2 6
1
⁄
4
in./min (51 66 mm/min) at the hooks until separation
within the block.
13.4 Calculation and Report—Report the tensile strength
perpendicular to the surfaces as the average of the loads in
SI Equivalents
in. mm in. mm
10
6
3
254
152
76
2
1
1
⁄
2
51
38
FIG. 1 Specimen for Determination of Tensile Strength Parallel to
Surface
FIG. 2 Apparatus for Determination of Tensile Strength
Perpendicular to Surface
C209 − 20
3

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摘要：

ASTM C209 - 20 是由美国材料与试验协会发布的一项标准规范，全称为“Standard Test Methods for Cellulosic Fiber Insulating Board”（纤维素纤维绝缘板标准试验方法）。该标准涵盖了用于评估纤维素纤维绝缘板的物理、机械和热性能的一系列试验方法，包括但不限于尺寸稳定性、吸水率、弯曲强度、抗压强度、热传导率以及防火性能等。ASTM C209 - 20 是建筑、暖通空调及节能材料领域的重要参考文件，适用于生产商、检测机构和工程师对绝缘材料

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