ASTM C715 - 90 (2016)

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Designation: C715 −90 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Test Method for
Nickel on Steel for Porcelain Enameling by Photometric
Analysis
1
This standard is issued under the ﬁxed designation C715; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The test is designed to give a sufficiently accurate and rapid test of the amount of nickel deposited
on sheet steel for enameling plant control work via a photometric method. However, the approxima-
tions used in the method prevent its use where extremely accurate nickel determinations are required.
The method is applicable to control the weight of nickel coating on the metal.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount
of nickel deposited on sheet steel during its preparation for
porcelain enameling. It is a photometric method commonly
used on production parts and is suitable for determining the
heavier nickel deposits that may be obtained during the
processing of steel for one-coat enameling.
NOTE 1—An alternative X-ray emission spectrometry method is Test
Method C810.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
C810 Test Method for Nickel on Steel for Porcelain Enam-
eling by X-Ray Emission Spectrometry
E30 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Steel, Cast Iron,
Open-Hearth Iron, and Wrought Iron (Withdrawn 1995)
3
E60 Practice for Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related
Materials by Spectrophotometry
3. Signiﬁcance and Use
3.1 This test method is primarily used to control the nickel
dipping operation to ensure that the desired level of nickel
deposition is attained. It is also used to prepare test plates used
for calibration in Test Method C810.
4. Apparatus
4.1 Photoelectric Photometer, conforming to Practice E60.
4.2 Weighted Rubber Ring Assembly, required to conﬁne
stripping agents to a deﬁnite area, consisting of a molded
rubber ring and a metal outer ring. The rubber ring shall have
an inside diameter of 1.35 in. (34.3 mm) in order to encircle an
area of 0.01 ft
2
(0.000929 m
2
), a wall conﬁguration as shown
in Fig. 1, and the lower portion beveled at a 45° angle (0.78
rad) to reduce the contact area and ensure a better seal. The
metal outer ring shall weigh about 3.5 lb (1.5 kg), suitably
machined to ﬁt over the top of the rubber ring as shown in Fig.
1.
4.2.1 The exact area covered by the rubber ring will
gradually increase as the rubber ring itself is consumed by the
acid reagent used. In the most accurate analysis, the area etched
by the rubber ring shall be calculated occasionally, factored
against the prescribed area, and that number applied to the
reading obtained from the graph.
4.3 Aspirator, consisting of a calibrated 500-mL ﬂask,
equipped with a twohole stopper, an aspirator bulb, and a
suction tube formed from 0.079-in. (2-mm) inside diameter
capillary glass tubing.
5. Reagents and Materials
5.1 Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests.
Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all reagents shall
conform to the speciﬁcations of the Committee of Analytical
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B08 on Metallic
and Inorganic Coatings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B08.12 on
Materials for Porcelain Enamel and Ceramic-Metal Systems.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2016. Published November 2016. Originally
approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C715 – 90 (2011)
ɛ1
.
DOI: 10.1520/C0715-90R16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
 

Reagents of the American Chemical Society.

Other grades

may be used, provided it is ﬁrst ascertained that the reagent is

of sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening

the accuracy of the determination.

5.2 Purity of Water—Use distilled or deionized water.

5.3 Ammonium Hydroxide (sp gr 0.90)—Concentrated am-

monium hydroxide (NH

OH).

5.4 Ammonium Persulfate—(NH

)

5.5 Dimethylglyoxime—Prepare a 1 % solution of dimethyl-

glyoxime in methyl alcohol or a 2.62 % solution of sodium

dimethylglyoximate in water (store in a polyethylene bottle).

5.6 Hydrochloric Acid (1+5)—Dilute 1 vol of concentrated

hydrochloric acid (HCl, sp gr 1.19) with 5 vol of water.

5.7 Nickel Sulfate, Standard Solution—Dissolve 0.448 g of

nickel sulfate (NiSO

·6H

O) in water. When the material is

completely dissolved, cautiously add 10 mL of concentrated

and transfer the solution to the 1000-mL ﬂask. When

cool, make up to the mark with water. One millilitre of this

standard solution is equivalent to 0.0001 g of nickel per

millilitre.

5.8 Nitric Acid (1+1)—Dilute 1 vol of concentrated nitric

acid (HNO

, sp gr 1.42) with 1 vol of water.

5.9 Sulfuric Acid (sp gr 1.84)—Concentrated sulfuric acid

6. Sampling

6.1 Sampling frequency shall be consistent with the objec-

tive of control of the nickel dipping operation.

7. Standardization of Photoelectric Photometer

7.1 The photoelectric photometer shall be standardized as

follows:

7.1.1 Using a buret, accurately measure out 2, 4, 8, 12, 16,

and 20 mL portions of nickel sulfate standard solution. These

amounts are equivalent to 0.2, 0.4, 0.9, 1.3, 1.7, and 2.1 g of

nickel per square metre (0.02, 0.04, 0.08, 0.12, 0.16, and 0.20

g of nickel per square foot) of surface when specimens from

the steel surface are obtained as prescribed. (Iron in solution

that is dissolved from the steel surfaces has a negligible effect

on the nickel determinations.) Using the standard analytical

procedures described in 8.2, determine the percent transmis-

sion at a wavelength of approximately 525 nm for each of the

six increments of nickel sulfate standard solution. Then plot a

graph on appropriate graph paper of the percent light transmis-

sion against the known nickel concentration representing 0.2 to

2.1 g of nickel deposit per square metre of surface. The

resulting graph, which should be a straight line, will be used to

obtain nickel-coating masses from light transmission results.

8. Determinations of Nickel Coating Masses

8.1 Sampling a Nickel-Coated Steel Surface:

8.1.1 Place the weighted, rubber ring assembly on the

nickel-coated metal surface. Add 3 mL of warm (approxi-

mately 120°F (50°C)) HNO

(1+1). Allow the foaming reaction

to proceed for about 10 s for light nickel coatings and about 15

s for heavier nickel coatings. If the warm acid does not react,

scratch the steel surface or try another spot. After the acid has

foamed for the prescribed time, add 5 mL of HCl (1+5) to stop

the foaming reaction. Withdraw the solution from the steel

surface with the aspirator into the calibrated ﬂask. Rinse the

test area twice with water and retain the washings in the ﬂask.

8.1.2 Alternative methods for determining nickel are de-

scribed in Test Methods E30, Sections 62 to 70 for the

gravimetric method and Sections 71 to 73 for the volumetric

method.

8.2 Analytical Procedure:

8.2.1 Add chemicals in the order given below to the solution

in the ﬂask and mix thoroughly after each addition:

Additions for 23-mm Optical

Path Cell

Amount in

Order of Use

Ammonium hydroxide (sp gr 0.90) 50 mL

Ammonium persulfate 4 g

Dimethylglyoxime 10 mL

Dilute with water to 500 mL

Cells with other optical path lengths are available.

8.2.2 Filter a portion of the solution. Discard the ﬁrst 10 to

20 mL from the ﬁlter and collect a sufficient amount of ﬁltrate

in the absorption cell for testing. Just before testing, set the

wavelength as determined in accordance with Section 7and

adjust the instrument to 100 % transmission with a cell that

contains only water. Place the cell containing the test solution

in the photometer and read the percent transmission.

9. Calculation and Report

9.1 Refer to the graph developed in Section 7. Determine

the mass of nickel that corresponds to the percent transmission

reading shown by the photometer. Report the results in grams

of nickel per square metre of steel surface.

10. Precision and Bias

10.1 The precision and bias of this test method is believed to

be within 0.000929 g/ft

(0.1 g/m

). Exact values are difficult to

obtain because of sample inhomogeneity, and the effect of the

acid etch on the rubber ring diameter (see 4.2.1).

Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Speciﬁcations, American

Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not

listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory

Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia

and National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,

MD.

NOTE 1—The outer ring is a steel disk approximately 6 by

⁄

in. (152

by 13 mm), weighing approximately 3

⁄

lb (1.58 kg).

FIG. 1 Detailed Drawing of Rubber Ring

C715 − 90 (2016)

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in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk

of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.

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if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards

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This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,

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Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http://www.copyright.com/

C715 − 90 (2016)

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摘要：

ASTM C715 - 90 (2016) 是一项由美国材料与试验协会（ASTM）制定的标准规范，主要涉及使用辐射屏蔽材料测量热绝缘材料在高温条件下的热传递性能。该标准最初于1990年发布，并于2016年进行了重新确认，适用于评估在高温工业环境或建筑保温系统中使用的反射型隔热材料的有效性与稳定性。通过规定测试方法，ASTM C715帮助工程师和质量控制人员确定材料在抑制辐射热传导方面的能力，从而为节能设计、安全评估以及材料选型提供可靠的数据支持。该标准在航空航天、冶金、石油化工及建筑节能领域具有

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