ASTM C844 - 15 (2021)

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Designation: C844 −15 (Reapproved 2021)

Standard Speciﬁcation for

Application of Gypsum Base to Receive

Gypsum Veneer Plaster

This standard is issued under the ﬁxed designation C844; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of

original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A

superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.

1. Scope

1.1 This speciﬁcation covers the minimum requirements for,

and methods of, application of gypsum veneer base for gypsum

veneer plasters.

1.2 Gypsum veneer base shall not be used as a base for

direct adhesive application of ceramic, metal, or plastic tile in

areas exposed to abnormal moisture or humidity or tempera-

ture.

1.3 Details of construction for a speciﬁc assembly to

achieve the required ﬁre resistance shall be obtained from

reports of ﬁre-resistance tests, engineering evaluations, or

listings from recognized ﬁre testing laboratories.

1.4 Where a speciﬁc degree of sound control is required for

veneer plaster assemblies and constructions, details of con-

struction shall be in accordance with official reports of tests

conducted in recognized sound testing laboratories in accor-

dance with the applicable sound tests, Test Methods C423,

E90,orE492.

1.5 Where this speciﬁcation is more stringent (size or

thickness of framing; spacing of fasteners) than the ﬁre-rated

construction, this speciﬁcation shall govern; otherwise, the

construction described in the ﬁre test report shall govern.

1.6 Unheated spaces above gypsum veneer base ceilings

shall be properly ventilated (see Appendix X3).

1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded

as the standard. The SI (metric) values given in parentheses are

approximate and are provided for information purposes only.

1.8 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes

which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes

(excluding those in tables and ﬁgures) shall not be considered

as requirements of the standard.

1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-

dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-

ization established in the Decision on Principles for the

Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-

mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical

Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

2. Referenced Documents

2.1 ASTM Standards:

C11 Terminology Relating to Gypsum and Related Building

Materials and Systems

C423 Test Method for Sound Absorption and Sound Absorp-

tion Coefficients by the Reverberation Room Method

C514 Speciﬁcation for Nails for the Application of Gypsum

Board

C587 Speciﬁcation for Gypsum Veneer Plaster

C754 Speciﬁcation for Installation of Steel Framing Mem-

bers to Receive Screw-Attached Gypsum Panel Products

C954 Speciﬁcation for Steel Drill Screws for the Application

of Gypsum Panel Products or Metal Plaster Bases to Steel

Studs from 0.033 in. (0.84 mm) to 0.112 in. (2.84 mm) in

Thickness

C955 Speciﬁcation for Cold-Formed Steel Structural Fram-

ing Members

C1002 Speciﬁcation for Steel Self-Piercing Tapping Screws

for Application of Gypsum Panel Products or Metal

Plaster Bases to Wood Studs or Steel Studs

C1007 Speciﬁcation for Installation of Load Bearing (Trans-

verse and Axial) Steel Studs and Related Accessories

C1047 Speciﬁcation for Accessories for Gypsum Wallboard

and Gypsum Veneer Base

C1396/C1396M Speciﬁcation for Gypsum Board

C1546 Guide for Installation of Gypsum Products in Con-

cealed Radiant Ceiling Heating Systems

E90 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Airborne

Sound Transmission Loss of Building Partitions and

Elements

This speciﬁcation is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C11 on

Gypsum and Related Building Materials and Systems and is the direct responsibility

of Subcommittee C11.03 on Speciﬁcations for the Application of Gypsum and Other

Products in Assemblies.

Current edition approved June 1, 2021. Published July 2021. Originally approved

in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as C844 – 15. DOI: 10.1520/

C0844-15R21.

For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or

contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM

Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on

the ASTM website.

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the

Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

E492 Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Impact

Sound Transmission Through Floor-Ceiling Assemblies

Using the Tapping Machine

2.2 American Softwood Lumber Standard:

PS 20 American Softwood Lumber Standard

3. Terminology

3.1 Deﬁnitions:

3.1.1 Deﬁnitions shall be in accordance with Terminology

C11.

3.2 Deﬁnitions of Terms Speciﬁc to This Standard:

3.2.1 base ply, n—ﬁrst ply of gypsum base in multiple ply

application.

3.2.2 face ply, n—outer or visible layer of gypsum base in

multiple ply application.

3.2.3 fastener, n—nails, screws, or staples used for the

application of the gypsum base or backing board.

3.2.4 framing member, n—that portion of the framing,

furring, blocking, and so forth, to which the gypsum base is

attached. Unless otherwise speciﬁed, the surface to which

abutting edges or ends are attached shall be not less than 1

⁄

in.

(38 mm) wide for wood members, not less than 1

⁄

in.

(32 mm) wide for steel members, and not less than 6 in.

(152 mm) wide for gypsum studs. For internal corners or

angles, the bearing surface shall be not less than

⁄

in.

(19 mm).

3.2.5 parallel application, n—gypsum base application

where the gypsum base edge is applied parallel to the framing

members.

3.2.6 perpendicular application, n—gypsum base applica-

tion where the gypsum base edge is applied at right angles to

the framing members.

4. Materials

4.1 Materials shall conform to the respective speciﬁcations

and standards and to the requirements speciﬁed herein.

4.2 Gypsum Base for Veneer Plasters (hereinafter referred

to as “gypsum base”)—Speciﬁcation C1396/C1396M.

4.3 Gypsum Backing Board—Speciﬁcation C1396/

C1396M.

4.4 Special Fire-Retardant Gypsum Base—Speciﬁcation

C1396/C1396M, Type X.

4.5 Foil-Backed Gypsum Base—Speciﬁcation C1396/

C1396M.

4.6 Gypsum Veneer Plaster—Speciﬁcation C587.

4.7 Nails—Speciﬁcation C514.

4.8 Screws:

4.8.1 Non-load Bearing Steel—Speciﬁcation C1002.

4.8.2 Load Bearing Steel—Speciﬁcation C954.

4.9 Staples—No. 16 USS gauge 0.063-in. (1.6 mm) ﬂat-

tened galvanized wire with

⁄

-in. (11.1 mm) wide-crown

minimum outside measure and divergent points. Staples shall

be used only for the base ply of two-ply application over wood

framing.

4.10 Steel Framing, Non-load Bearing—Speciﬁcation C645

for the speciﬁed design criteria.

4.11 Accessories—Speciﬁcation C1047.

4.12 Adhesive—For application of gypsum base to steel

framing, the adhesive shall be as recommended by the manu-

facturer of the gypsum base.

4.13 Steel Framing Load Bearing—Speciﬁcation C955.

4.14 Wood Framing—American Lumber Softwood Stan-

dard PS–20.

5. Delivery of Materials

5.1 All materials shall be delivered in the original packages,

containers, or bundles bearing the brand name and manufac-

turer (or supplier) identiﬁcation.

6. Shipping, Handling and Storage

6.1 Gypsum board shall be shipped so as to be kept dry.

6.2 Gypsum board shall be stored so as to be kept dry,

preferably inside a building, under a roof. Gypsum board shall

be neatly stacked ﬂat with care taken to prevent sagging or

damage to edges, ends, and surfaces.

6.3 Where necessary to store gypsum board outside, it shall

be stacked ﬂat, off the ground, supported on a level platform,

and fully protected from weather and direct sunlight exposure.

6.4 Prior to application, the building exterior shall be so

enclosed to protect the gypsum base from exposure to weather

and direct sunlight.

NOTE 1—The bond of alkaline veneer plaster to gypsum base will be

impaired if the base is exposed to direct light or sunlight for extended

periods.

7. Environmental Conditions

7.1 Application of Gypsum Base and Adhesives—A room

temperature of not less than 40 °F (4 °C) shall be maintained

during application of gypsum base except when adhesive is

used for the attachment of gypsum base. For the bonding of

adhesive, a room temperature of not less than 50 °F (10 °C)

shall be maintained for 48 h prior to application and continu-

ously thereafter until adhesive is completely dry. When a

temporary heat source is used, the temperature shall not exceed

95 °F (35 °C) in any room or area. Adequate ventilation shall

be maintained in the working area during the application and

adhesive curing process.

8. Application of Gypsum Base

8.1 General Requirements:

8.1.1 Installation of steel framing shall be in accordance

with applicable Speciﬁcations C754 or C1007 except where

superseded by requirements of Table 1.

NOTE 2—For general wood framing requirements, see Appendix X2.

8.1.2 Method of Cutting—The gypsum base shall be cut by

scoring and breaking or by sawing, working from the face side.

Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100

Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http://www.nist.gov.

C844 − 15 (2021)

When cutting by scoring, the face shall be cut with a knife or

other suitable tool and the gypsum base snapped back away

from the cut face. The back shall be broken by snapping the

gypsum base in the reverse direction, or by cutting with a knife

or other suitable tool.

8.1.3 All cut edges and ends of the gypsum base shall be

smoothed to obtain neat jointing. Cut-outs for pipes, ﬁxtures,

or other small openings on the face and back of the base shall

be scribed in outline before removing or cut out with a saw or

other suitable tool. The gypsum base shall be scribed where it

meets projecting surfaces. Base shall be brought lightly into

contact with adjacent panels but not forced into place. Abutting

ends and edges shall ﬁt neatly.

8.1.4 When gypsum base is to be applied to both ceiling and

walls, the base shall be applied to the ceiling and then to the

walls.

8.2 Fastening, Mechanical:

8.2.1 The gypsum base shall be held in ﬁrm contact with the

underlying support while driving any fastener.

8.2.2 Fastener application shall proceed from the center of

the ﬁeld of the gypsum base to the ends and edges or shall

begin along one edge and proceed toward the other edge.

8.2.3 Except where required for ﬁre rating, structural

performance, or other special considerations, fastening to top

or bottom plates shall not be required.

8.2.4 Fasteners shall be spaced not less than

⁄

in. (9.5 mm)

from the edges and ends of the gypsum base. Fasteners used at

edges or at base ends in horizontal application shall not be

more than 1 in. from edges or ends.

8.2.5 Nails and screws shall be driven to a point ﬂush with

the gypsum base surface without breaking the surface paper or

damaging the surrounding gypsum core and without stripping

the framing member around the screws.

8.2.6 Staples shall be driven so that both legs penetrate the

support member and the crown bears tightly against the

backing board, but does not cut into the face paper. The staple

shall be driven with the crown parallel to framing members.

Staples shall be used only for the ﬁrst ply in two-ply gypsum

base systems.

8.2.7 Penetration of mechanical fasteners into supporting

framing members shall be not less than:

Nails Screws Staples

Wood:

⁄

in. (22 mm)

⁄

in. (15 mm)

⁄

in. (15 mm), each leg

Steel: ...

⁄

in. (9 mm) ...

8.3 Control Joints:

8.3.1 Control joints shall be installed in ceilings more than

2500 ft

(232 m

) in area that are constructed with perimeter

relief. The distance between control joints shall be not more

than 50 ft (15 m) in either direction.

8.3.2 Ceilings of more than 900 ft

(85 m

) in area con-

structed without perimeter relief shall have control joints

installed with spacing not to exceed 30 ft (9 m) in either

direction.

8.3.3 Control joints shall be installed where ceiling framing

or furring changes direction or where construction joints occur

in the base building construction. In partitions, walls, or wall

furring, the distance between control joints shall be not more

than 30 ft (9 m).

8.3.4 A ceiling height door frame, installed in accordance

with the spacing requirements set forth in 8.3, functions as a

control joint.

9. Application of Single-ply Gypsum Base

9.1 The maximum spacing of framing members for single-

ply gypsum base construction shall be not more than those

shown in Table 1.

9.2 In single-ply installation, all ends and edges of gypsum

base shall occur over framing members or other solid backing

except where treated joints occur at right angles to framing or

furring members.

9.3 Joints on opposite sides of a partition shall be arranged

to occur on different framing members.

9.4 Fasteners (Single-ply Application):

9.4.1 Nail Spacing—Space nails a maximum of 7 in.

(178 mm) on centers on the ceiling and a maximum of 8 in.

(203 mm) on centers on the walls.

TABLE 1 Maximum Framing Spacing

Single-ply Base

(Thickness), in. (mm) Application to Framing

Maximum On Center

Spacing of Framing, in.

(mm)

Ceilings:

⁄

(12.7) parallel 16 (406)

⁄

(12.7)

perpendicular 24 (610)

⁄

(15.9)

perpendicular 24 (610)

Sidewalls:

⁄

(9.5)

perpendicular 16 (406)

⁄

(12.7) parallel 16 (406)

⁄

(12.7)

perpendicular 24 (610)

⁄

(15.9)

parallel or perpendicular 24 (610)

⁄

-in. (12.7 mm) gypsum base applied perpendicular on 24-in. (610 mm) on

centers framing shall be considered to be minimum construction.

For

⁄

-in. (15.9 mm) base, perpendicular on ceilings and either perpendicular or

parallel on sidewalls at 24-in. (610 mm) on centers spacing, only two-component

veneer plaster or special joint reinforcement, as recommended by the gypsum

veneer plaster manufacturer, shall be used.

⁄

-in. (9.5 mm) gypsum base shall be used over wood framing with two-

component veneer plaster systems only.

C844 − 15 (2021)

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摘要：

ASTM C844 - 15 (2021) 是美国材料与试验协会发布的一项关于管道与设备用闭孔泡沫塑料绝热材料热性能测试的标准规范，主要规定了在稳态条件下测定材料导热系数的试验方法、仪器要求及样品制备流程。该标准适用于评估工业与建筑领域常用绝热材料的隔热性能，确保其在实际应用中满足节能与安全要求。2021年版本在2015版基础上进行了技术更新，包括改进温度控制精度、扩展适用材料范围以及更新数据分析方法，进一步提高了测试结果的可重复性与一致性。对于从事绝热材料研发、质量检测或工程设计的专业人员，遵

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