ASTM C1574 - 04 (2018)

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Designation: C1574 −04 (Reapproved 2018)

Standard Guide for

Determining Blown Density of Pneumatically Applied Loose-

Fill Mineral Fiber Thermal Insulation

This standard is issued under the ﬁxed designation C1574; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of

original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A

superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope

1.1 This guide describes two alternate procedures for deter-

mining blown density at a predetermined thickness or a range

of thicknesses expected in ﬁeld applications of mineral ﬁber

loose-ﬁll insulation.

1.2 This guide involves blowing a sample of loose-ﬁll

insulation into a test frame of known volume, measuring the

weight of the insulation captured and calculating the blown

density.

1.3 This guide is intended for pneumatically-applied loose-

ﬁll mineral ﬁber insulation designed for use in horizontal open

attic spaces.

1.4 This guide is intended for product design and product

auditing by manufacturers of loose-ﬁll insulation. This guide is

adaptable as a plant quality control procedure.

1.5 This guide does not predict the aged density of the

mineral ﬁber loose-ﬁll insulation.

1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded

as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical

conversions to SI units that are provided for information only

and are not considered standard.

1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the

safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the

responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-

priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-

mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-

dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-

ization established in the Decision on Principles for the

Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-

mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical

Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

2. Referenced Documents

2.1 ASTM Standards:

C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation

C1374 Test Method for Determination of Installed Thick-

ness of Pneumatically Applied Loose-Fill Building Insu-

lation

3. Terminology

3.1 Deﬁnitions—Terminology C168 is applicable to the

terms used in this standard.

3.2 Deﬁnitions of Terms Speciﬁc to This Standard:

3.2.1 Variable blown density—change in density exhibited

by loose-ﬁll insulation as a function of thickness.

3.2.1.1 Discussion—Some loose-ﬁll insulation materials ex-

hibit an increase in blown density when thickness increases.

Also, the original thickness may or may not decrease with time

resulting in the same or somewhat higher densities. This

thickness versus density relationship should be considered

when developing coverage information for the bag label.

4. Signiﬁcance and Use

4.1 Blown density is used to develop loose-ﬁll coverage

charts. Data for blown density vs thickness is used in the

development of a variable blown density presentation for

loose-ﬁll insulation.

4.2 Thermal resistance (and conductivity) of loose-ﬁll min-

eral ﬁber insulation depends on density and thickness. The

resulting blown density data is useful in developing an expres-

sion for apparent thermal conductivity as a function of density.

This will in turn aid the manufacturer in developing coverage

information for packages of loose-ﬁll insulation.

4.3 The blown density obtained in this method is for the

thickness of the test only. The relationship of blown density

with thickness can be determined by repeating the procedures

outlined here using different thicknesses.

4.4 These procedures are not the same as the test method

described in Test Method C1374. Depending on the test

This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on Thermal

Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.32 on Mechanical

Properties.

Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2018. Published November 2018. Originally

approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as C1574 – 04 (2013).

DOI: 10.1520/C1574-04R18.

For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or

contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM

Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on

the ASTM website.

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the

Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

conditions utilized, the blown density may, or may not,

represent the installed density values obtained by using Test

Method C1374.

4.5 This guide can be used to develop appropriate blowing

machine settings to achieve a target blown density at a

predetermined thickness.

5. Summary of Guide

5.1 A standardized test chamber of ﬁxed volume is used to

collect the pneumatically-applied insulation.

5.2 There are two types of test chambers that are in common

use:

5.2.1 Procedure A uses a moveable test box having a

minimum volume of 20 cubic feet (0.56 m

) . The blown

material is weighed while still in the test box and the density is

calculated.

5.2.2 Procedure B uses a ﬁxed frame assembly in a test

room or blowing shack to simulate an attic application. The

blown material is removed from the test frame and weighed

separately to calculate the density.

5.3 After the insulation is blown into the chamber, the

weight of the insulation is determined.

5.4 From the volume of the sample and its weight, the

blown density is determined.

6. Apparatus

6.1 Blowing Machine—a commercial pneumatic blowing

machine, designed for handling mineral ﬁber loose-ﬁll insula-

tion materials, shall be used for blowing the insulation into the

test chamber. This machine shall have throughput and handling

characteristics representative of that used in ﬁeld applications.

6.2 Blowing Hose—the machine shall utilize three (3) 50 ft

(15 m) sections to make up 150 ft (46 m) of a minimum of 3

in. (76 mm) diameter ﬂexible corrugated blowing hose. At least

100 ft. (30 m) of the hose shall have an elevation of between

10 and 20 ft (3 and 6 m) above the blowing machine to

simulate a typical installation conﬁguration. The hose shall

have no more than eight 90-degree bends and no bends may be

less than 4 ft (1.2 m) radius. After 50 h of usage, the last 50 ft

(15 m) section at the discharge end shall be discarded. A new

50 ft (15 m) shall be attached directly to the blowing wool

machine. The remaining 100 ft (30 m) shall then be attached to

the end of the new hose. This creates a hose replacement

rotation.

6.3 Scales—platform scales or load cells accurate to 1 %.

6.4 Specimen Preparation Room—an enclosed area where

the test material is to be blown into the test chamber. This area

is required to protect the blowing operation from wind or

strong air currents. Room geometry should provide adequate

clearance around the test chamber and large enough not to

inﬂuence the blowing stream from the hose.

6.5 Hose Nozzle Stand—a hose stand on casters that holds

the blowing hose at a ﬁxed height of 36 to 48 in. (0.9 to 1.2 m)

and is on a swivel that allows the operator to swing the hose

horizontally back and forth while slowly moving backwards

and forwards to ﬁll the test chamber. A typical hose nozzle

stand is shown in Fig. 1. Use of the hose stand is optional.

6.6 Moveable Test Chamber (Procedure A)—a wooden open

container to collect the insulation. The chamber shall have a

minimum capacity of 20 ft

(0.57 m

) and have the minimum

inside dimensions of 11 in. high by 28 in. wide by 80 in. long

(279 mm by 711 mm by 2032 mm). Note that these minimum

dimensions by themselves do not produce the required volume

but simply represent the minimum B, C, and D dimensions in

Fig. 2. The front of the test chamber is typically angled at 45

degrees to insure proper ﬁlling as the operator moves back

during the ﬁlling operation. A typical test chamber is shown in

Fig. 2.

6.7 Fixed Test Chamber (Procedure B)—joists are built up

on a plywood ﬂoor to simulate an open attic structure.

Typically 2 in. by 10 in. (50 mm by 254 mm) joists, 16 in. (406

mm) on center, are used to create three sections that are 19 ft

long (5.8 m). The joists are marked along their length at 6 in.

(152 mm) intervals so that the total insulation volume can be

determined after the blowing is completed. A typical test

chamber is shown in Fig. 3.

6.8 Compressed air supply, hose, and nozzle.

6.9 Straight edged screed.

7. Procedure

7.1 Procedure A–Moveable Test Chamber:

7.1.1 Within the sample preparation area, position the empty

and clean test chamber on the scale and so that the test chamber

is approximately centered side to side and from front to back.

7.1.2 Tare the scale/load cells.

7.1.3 Affix the appropriate blowing hose to the blowing

machine and, if used, secure the exit hose end in the hose

nozzle stand.

7.1.4 Set the blowing machine with the desired gear, gate

opening, and air pressure settings required to obtain the blown

insulation conditioning that is representative of a ﬁeld blown

application.

7.1.5 Load the appropriate amount of loose-ﬁll in the

blowing machine hopper.

7.1.6 Start the blowing machine and direct the hose and

material ﬂow to the side away from the test chamber. Verify

proper air pressure by checking machine gauge or blown

material arc length.

7.1.7 If blowing by hand, position the end portion of the

blowing hose horizontal to the ﬂoor at all times and at a

minimum of 3 ft (0.9 m) and a maximum of 4 ft (1.2m) above

the ﬂoor of the test chamber.

7.1.8 When the insulation is ﬂowing smoothly (about 10-20

s) begin ﬁlling the test chamber. Fill the test chamber from

back to front using a slow sweeping motion from side to side

overlapping all sides of the test chamber by at least one foot.

7.1.9 Slowly and uniformly move backwards and forwards

to uniformly ﬁll the chamber and capture the most representa-

tive stream of blown material.

7.1.10 When the chamber is full, direct the hose away from

the test ﬁxture and stop the machine.

C1574 − 04 (2018)

FIG. 1 Hose Nozzle Stand

FIG. 2 Movable Test Chamber – Procedure A

C1574 − 04 (2018)

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摘要：

ASTM C1574-04 (2018) 是由美国材料与试验协会（ASTM）发布的关于柔性多孔材料的标准规范，主要针对用于隔热、隔音及缓冲应用中的闭孔柔性聚烯烃泡沫材料。该标准详细规定了材料的物理性能、尺寸稳定性、热导率、吸水率及阻燃性能等关键指标，适用于建筑、暖通空调、汽车和工业设备等领域。通过遵循该规范，制造商和用户可确保材料在实际应用中具备一致的质量与可靠性，同时有助于产品在市场竞争中符合国际认证要求。

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