ASTM C332 - 23

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Designation: C332 −23
Standard Speciﬁcation for
Lightweight Aggregates for Insulating Concrete
1
This standard is issued under the ﬁxed designation C332; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This speciﬁcation covers lightweight aggregates in-
tended for use in concrete not exposed to the weather, in which
the prime consideration is the thermal insulating property of
the resulting concrete.
1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and ﬁgures) shall not be considered
as requirements of the standard.
1.3 With regard to sieve size and the size of aggregate as
determined by the use of testing sieves, the values in inch-
pound units are shown for the convenience of the user;
however, the standard sieve designation shown in parentheses
is the standard value as stated in Speciﬁcation E11.
1.3.1 With regard to other units of measure, the values
stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The
values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI
units that are provided for information only and are not
considered standard.
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
test method portion, Section 7, of the speciﬁcation: This
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
C29/C29M Test Method for Bulk Density (“Unit Weight”)
and Voids in Aggregate
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
gregates
C136/C136M Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and
Coarse Aggregates
C177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-
ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of
the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
D75/D75M Practice for Sampling Aggregates
E11 Speciﬁcation for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
Sieves
3. Terminology
3.1 Deﬁnitions:
3.1.1 For deﬁnitions of terms used in this speciﬁcation, refer
to Terminology C125.
4. Classiﬁcation
4.1 Two general types of lightweight aggregate are covered
by this speciﬁcation as follows:
4.1.1 Group I—Aggregates prepared by expanding products
such as perlite or vermiculite.
NOTE 1—These aggregates generally produce concrete having a density
from 15 lb/ft
3
to 50 lb/ft
3
(240 kg/m
3
to 800 kg/m
3
), the thermal
conductivity of which may be expected to range from 0.45 Btu·in/h·ft
2
to
1.50 Btu·in/h·ft
2
· °F (0.065 W/m·K to 0.22 W/m·K).
4.1.2 Group II—Aggregates prepared by expanding,
calcining, or sintering products such as blast-furnace slag, clay,
diatomite, ﬂy ash, shale, or slate; and aggregates prepared by
processing natural materials, such as pumice, scoria, or tuff.
NOTE 2—These aggregates generally produce concrete having a density
from 45 lb/ft
3
to 90 lb/ft
3
(720 kg/m
3
to 1440 kg/m
3
), the thermal
conductivity of which may be expected to range from 1.05 BTU·in/h·ft
2
·
°F to 3.00 BTU·in/h·ft
2
· °F (0.15 W/m·K to 0.43 W/m·K).
1
This speciﬁcation is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
Concrete and Concrete Aggregatesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
C09.21 on Lightweight Aggregates and Concrete.
Current edition approved June 1, 2023. Published June 2023. Originally
approved in 1954. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as C332 – 17. DOI:
10.1520/C0332-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1

4.2 The aggregate shall be composed predominantly of
lightweight cellular and granular inorganic material.
5. Physical Properties
5.1 Insulating Properties—The thermal insulating proper-
ties of concrete made from the lightweight aggregate under test
shall conform to the following limits:
Maximum Average 28-Day Maximum Average
Oven-Dry Thermal Conductivity,
Bulk Density, lb/ft
3
Btu·in/h·ft
2
·°F
(kg/m
3
) (W/m·K)
50 (800)
90 (1440)
1.50 (0.22)
3.00 (0.43)
5.2 Grading—The grading shall conform to the require-
ments shown in Table 1.
5.2.1 Uniformity of Grading—To ensure reasonable unifor-
mity in the gradation of successive shipments of lightweight
aggregates, ﬁneness modulus determination shall be made
periodically. If the ﬁneness modulus of the aggregate differs by
more than 7 % from that of the sample submitted for
acceptance, the aggregate is subject to rejection, unless the
supplier demonstrates that it will produce concrete of the
required characteristics.
5.3 Loose Bulk Density (Test Method C29/C29M)—The dry
loose bulk density of lightweight aggregates shall conform to
the requirements shown in Table 2.
5.3.1 Uniformity of Loose Bulk Density—The dry loose bulk
density of successive shipments of lightweight aggregates shall
not differ by more than 10 % from that of the sample submitted
for acceptance.
6. Sampling and Testing for Aggregate Properties
6.1 Sample lightweight aggregates and determine the prop-
erties enumerated in this speciﬁcation in accordance with the
following methods:
6.1.1 Sampling—Practice D75/D75M, except sample
bagged materials by riffling and then quartering.
6.1.2 Grading—Method C136/C136M, except that when a
mechanical sieving device is used, the sieving time shall be 5
min 60.1 min and the following modiﬁcation shall apply:
6.1.2.1 Fine aggregate—The mass of the test sample shall
be in accordance with the following table:
Nominal Density
lb/ft
3
(kg ⁄m
3
)
Mass of Test
Sample, g
5 to 15 (80 to 240) 50
15 to 25 (240 to 400) 100
25 to 35 (400 to 560) 150
35 to 45 (560 to 720) 200
45 to 55 (720 to 880) 250
55 to 65 (880 to 1040) 300
65 to 70 (1040 to 1120) 350
6.1.2.2 Coarse Aggregate—The sample shall be not less
than 0.1 ft
3
(2830 cm
3
) of the material obtained in making the
bulk density determination.
6.1.3 Loose Bulk Density—Test Method C29/C29M utiliz-
ing the shoveling procedure described in Test Method C29/
C29M, except test the aggregate in an oven-dry condition.
6.1.4 Fineness Modulus—Calculate as described in Test
Method C136/C136M.
TABLE 1 Grading Requirements for Lightweight Aggregates for Insulating Concrete
Nominal
Size
Designa-
tion
Percentages (Mass) Passing Sieves Having Square Openings
19.0-mm
(
3
⁄
4
-in.)
12.5-mm
(
1
⁄
2
-in.)
9.5-mm
(
3
⁄
8
-in.)
4.75-mm
(No. 4)
2.36-mm
(No. 8)
1.18-mm
(No. 16)
600-µm
(No. 30)
300-µm
(No. 50)
150-µm
(No. 100)
Group I
Perlite ... ... ... 100 85 to 100 40 to 85 20 to 60 5 to 25 0 to 10
Vermiculite
A
(Coarse) ... ... 100 98 to 100 60 to 100 30 to 85 2 to 45 1 to 20 0 to 10
Vermiculite (Fine) ... ... ... ... 100 85 to 100 35 to 85 2 to 40 0 to 10
Group II
Fine aggregate:
4.75-mm (No. 4) to 0
... ... 100 85 to 100 ... 40 to 80 ... 10 to 35 5 to 25
Coarse Aggregate:
12.5 to 4.75-mm
(
1
⁄
2
-in. to No. 4)
100 90 to 100 40 to 80 0 to 20 0 to 10 ... ... ... ...
9.5 to 2.36-mm (
3
⁄
8
-in.
to No. 8)
... 100 80 to 100 5 to 40 0 to 20 ... ... ... ...
4.75 to 2.36-mm (No. 4
to No. 8)
... ... 100 90 to 100 0 to 20 ... ... ... ...
Combined Fine and
Coarse Aggregate:
12.5-mm (
1
⁄
2
-in.) to 0 100 95 to 100 ... 50 to 80 ... ... ... 5 to 20 2 to 15
9.5-mm (
3
⁄
8
-in.) to 0 ...
100
90 to 100 65 to 90 35 to 65 ... ... 10 to 25 5 to 15
A
Attention is directed to the need for adjustment in water content and air entrainment to achieve comparable oven-dry unit weights for the two gradings.
TABLE 2 Bulk Density Requirement for Lightweight Aggregates
of Insulating Concrete
Size Designation
Dry Loose Bulk Density
lb/ft
3
(kg/m
3
)
Min Max
Group I:
Perlite 7.5 (120) 12 (196)
Vermiculite 5.5 (88) 10 (160)
Group II:
Fine aggregate ... 70 (1120)
Coarse aggregate ... 55 (880)
Combined ﬁne and coarse
aggregate
... 65 (1040)
C332 − 23
2

7. Test Methods for Insulating Concrete Properties

7.1 Determine the density and thermal conductivity of the

concrete in accordance with the following methods:

7.1.1 Specimen Preparation—Prepare three specimens for

each type of test, applying the same composition and fabrica-

tion procedure as is proposed for use. Moist-cure the speci-

mens for 7 days and then remove them from the moist room

and store at a temperature of 73.4 °F 63 °F (23 °C 61.7 °C)

and at a relative humidity of 50 % 65 % until the time of test.

Dry the specimens at the age of 28 days in an oven at 230 °F

618 °F (110 °C 610 °C) and weigh them at 24-h intervals

until the loss in mass does not exceed 1 % in a 24-h period.

7.1.2 Concrete Density—Determine the density from speci-

mens each of which has a volume of not less than 0.1 ft

(2 L).

Determine the mass and dimensions of the oven-dry specimens

and compute the volume and the density from the average data

obtained.

7.1.3 Thermal Conductivity—Determine the thermal con-

ductivity in accordance with Test Method C177, except prepare

and cure the specimens in accordance with 7.1.1. The dimen-

sions of the specimens shall be as required for the testing

equipment available. Report the details of the composition and

fabrication procedure used in preparing the specimens.

8. Rejection and Rehearing

8.1 Material that fails to conform to the requirements of this

speciﬁcation is subject to rejection. Rejection shall be reported

to the producer or supplier promptly and in writing. In case of

dissatisfaction with the result of the test, the producer or

supplier shall make claim for a rehearing.

8.2 The purchaser of materials covered by this speciﬁcation

shall have the option of evaluating these materials for rejection

by either minimum mass or approximate volume as stated.

8.3 Individual packages are subject to rejection when:

8.3.1 The contents, on a mass basis, are 5 % less than that

indicated on the package, or

8.3.2 The contents, on a volume basis, are 10 % less than

that indicated on the package.

8.4 The entire shipment is subject to rejection.

8.4.1 On a mass basis when the average contents of two

packages for each 100, but not less than 6 packages selected at

random, in any one shipment, are less than that indicated on the

package.

8.4.2 On a volume basis when the average contents of two

packages for each 100, but not less than 6 packages selected at

random, in any one shipment differ by more than 5 % from that

indicated on the package.

8.5 The net mass of the contents shall be determined by

weighing the package or packages and deducting the mass of

the container.

8.6 The bulk volume of the contents in a package shall be

calculated by determining the mass of the contents of the

package and dividing by the bulk density of the aggregate. The

bulk density of the aggregate shall be determined in accordance

with the shoveling procedure given in Test Method C29/C29M

using material from one or more of the packages selected in

8.4.2.

9. Certiﬁcation

9.1 When speciﬁed in the purchase order or contract, a

producer’s or supplier’s certiﬁcation shall be furnished to the

purchaser that the material was manufactured, sampled, tested,

and inspected in accordance with this speciﬁcation and has

been found to meet the requirements. When speciﬁed in the

purchase order or contract, a report of the test results shall be

furnished.

10. Packaging and Package Marking

10.1 When lightweight aggregates covered by this speciﬁ-

cation are delivered in packages, the name of the manufacturer,

type of aggregate, and minimum mass and approximate vol-

ume of the contents shall be plainly indicated thereon.

11. Keywords

11.1 insulating concrete; lightweight aggregate; thermal

properties

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee C09 has identiﬁed the location of selected changes to this speciﬁcation since the last issue,

C332 – 17, that may impact the use of this speciﬁcation. (Approved June 1, 2023.)

(1) Added time tolerance to 6.1.2.

C332 − 23

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摘要：

ASTM C332 - 23 是美国材料与试验协会发布的最新标准规范，专门针对用于隔热混凝土的轻质骨料制定技术要求和测试方法。该标准涵盖了以膨胀页岩、黏土、板岩、珍珠岩、蛭石等轻质材料为主要成分的骨料，重点规定了其颗粒级配、密度范围、抗压强度、导热系数及耐久性等关键性能指标。适用于建筑楼板、屋面保温层、防火包覆及管道隔热等工程场景。通过规范轻质骨料的物理与化学特性，ASTM C332 - 23 帮助工程师、承包商和材料供应商确保隔热混凝土的施工质量与长期稳定性。该标准的更新版本进一步修订了取样流

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