ASTM D6817 - D 6817M - 17 (2025) 刚性蜂窝状聚苯乙烯地布泡沫的标准规格

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Designation: D6817/D6817M −17 (Reapproved 2025)

Standard Speciﬁcation for

Rigid Cellular Polystyrene Geofoam

This standard is issued under the ﬁxed designation D6817/D6817M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the

year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last

reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope

1.1 This speciﬁcation covers the types, physical properties,

and dimensions of rigid cellular polystyrene intended for use as

geofoam.

1.2 This speciﬁcation does not cover the layout, placement,

and workmanship for proper installation and performance of

rigid cellular polystyrene geofoam.

1.3 Rigid cellular polystyrene geofoam covered by this

speciﬁcation may need protection from certain chemicals,

environmental exposure, and concentrated loads. Additional

design considerations may include thermal conductivity and

buoyancy. Guidelines regarding these end-use considerations

are included in Appendix X1.

1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units

are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in

each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to

ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be

used independently of the other, and values from the two

systems shall not be combined.

1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the

safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the

responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-

priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-

mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-

dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-

ization established in the Decision on Principles for the

Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-

mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical

Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

2. Referenced Documents

2.1 ASTM Standards:

C165 Test Method for Measuring Compressive Properties of

Thermal Insulations

C203 Test Methods for Breaking Load and Flexural Proper-

ties of Block-Type Thermal Insulation

C303 Test Method for Dimensions and Density of Pre-

formed Block and Board–Type Thermal Insulation

C390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of Thermal

Insulation Lots

C578 Speciﬁcation for Rigid, Cellular Polystyrene Thermal

Insulation

D1621 Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid

Cellular Plastics

D1622/D1622M Test Method for Apparent Density of Rigid

Cellular Plastics

D2863 Test Method for Measuring the Minimum Oxygen

Concentration to Support Candle-Like Combustion of

Plastics (Oxygen Index)

D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics

D7557/D7557M Practice for Sampling of Expanded Poly-

styrene Geofoam Specimens

E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in

ASTM Test Methods

E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to

Determine the Precision of a Test Method

3. Terminology

3.1 Deﬁnitions:

3.1.1 Terms used in this speciﬁcation are deﬁned in Termi-

nology D4439.

3.1.2 geofoam—block or planar rigid cellular foam poly-

meric material used in geotechnical engineering applications.

3.2 Deﬁnitions of Terms Speciﬁc to This Standard:

3.2.1 EPS, XX—number designation for expanded polysty-

rene geofoam type(s) having a minimum density of XX kg/m

[lb/ft

3.2.2 RCPS—letter designation for EPS and XPS rigid

cellular polystyrene geofoam covered by this speciﬁcation.

3.2.3 XPS, XX—number designation for extruded polysty-

rene geofoam type(s) having a minimum density of XX kg/m

[lb/ft

This speciﬁcation is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on

Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.06 on Geosyn-

thetic Speciﬁcations.

Current edition approved April 1, 2025. Published April 2025. Originally

approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2021 as D6817/D6817M – 17

(2021). DOI: 10.1520/D6817_D6817M-17R25.

For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or

contact ASTM Customer Service at www.astm.org/contact. For Annual Book of

ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary

page on the ASTM website.

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the

Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4. Ordering Information

4.1 Acquisition documents shall specify the following:

4.1.1 Title, number, and year of this speciﬁcation.

4.1.2 Type, as per Table 1.

4.1.3 Total product volume required of each type.

5. Materials and Manufacture

5.1 RCPS geofoam shall be formed by the expansion of

polystyrene resin beads or granules in a molding process (EPS)

or by the expansion of polystyrene base resin in an extrusion

process (XPS). RCPS geofoam may be manufactured with

reprocessed polystyrene foam (regrind).

5.2 RCPS geofoam shall be of uniform density and have

essentially closed cells. RCPS geofoam is an organic material

and is considered combustible. It should not be exposed to

ﬂames or other ignition sources.

6. Qualiﬁcation Requirements

6.1 The physical properties listed in Table 1 constitute the

minimum product qualiﬁcation requirements for commonly

manufactured types of RCPS geofoam. The compressive resis-

tance at 1 % strain is typically within the elastic limit of the

geofoam product types in Table 1 and is accepted as the

compressive resistance to limit long-term deformation under

structural load.

6.2 RCPS Geofoam Types—It is the user’s responsibility to

specify the required type as in Table 1 and to obtain supporting

documentation regarding physical properties from the material

supplier.

6.3 Combustibility Requirements—All RCPS geofoam shall

contain sufficient ﬂame retardants to meet a minimum oxygen

index as required in Table 1.

6.4 Curing—Unless otherwise speciﬁed in the contract,

RCPS geofoam shall be cured for a minimum of 24 h before

delivery and inspection.

7. Availability and Dimensional Tolerance

7.1 Availability—The RCPS geofoam materials covered by

this speciﬁcation are commonly available in the size range

shown in Table 2. Speciﬁc RCPS geofoam block dimensions

vary by manufacturer equipment characteristics.

7.2 Dimensional Tolerance—Unless otherwise speciﬁed, the

acceptable length, width, thickness, ﬂatness, and squareness

tolerance criteria on RCPS geofoam shall not exceed 60.5 %.

8. Damage and Degradation

8.1 Damage—RCPS geofoam as delivered to the project site

shall have no defects that will adversely affect its service and

workability qualities. Material units that manifest unacceptable

surface or volumetric damage shall be replaced.

8.1.1 Surface Damage—Damage to load-bearing RCPS

geofoam surfaces shall be limited to less than 20 % of the

equivalent load-bearing area of the unit.

8.1.2 Volume Damage—Volumetric damage of RCPS geo-

foam shall be limited to less than 1 % of the volume of a single

unit.

8.1.3 UV (Ultraviolet) Degradation—Discoloration and

dusting of RCPS geofoam caused by the extensive exposure to

sunlight is a defect that will adversely affect its service and is

grounds for rejection. Refer to X1.6.

9. Inspection

9.1 Sampling—Unless otherwise speciﬁed in the purchase

order or contract, the material shall be sampled for inspection

in accordance with Practice D7557/D7557M for EPS types or

Practice C390 for XPS types.

9.2 Weight—Determine the weight of selected full-size units

in accordance with Test Method D1622/D1622M, or as speci-

ﬁed.

9.3 Dimensions—Verify speciﬁed dimensions and

tolerances, as prescribed in Test Method D1622/D1622M and

7.2 of this speciﬁcation.

9.4 Density—Compute the density of test samples in accor-

dance with Test Method D1622/D1622M.

10. Acceptance or Rejection

10.1 Material that fails to conform to this speciﬁcation shall

be rejected promptly in writing. The manufacturer or supplier

TABLE 1 Physical Property Requirements of RCPS Geofoam

Type EPS12 EPS15 EPS19 EPS22 EPS29 EPS39 EPS46 XPS20 XPS21 XPS26 XPS29 XPS36 XPS48

Density, min.,

kg/m

[lb/ft

]

11.2

[0.70]

14.4

[0.90]

18.4

[1.15]

21.6

[1.35]

28.8

[1.80]

38.4

[2.40]

45.7

[2.85]

19.2

[1.20]

20.8

[1.30]

25.6

[1.60]

28.8

[1.80]

35.2

[2.20]

48.0

[3.00]

Compressive

Resistance,

min., kPa [psi]

at 1 % strain

[2.2]

[3.6]

[5.8]

[7.3]

[10.9]

103

[15.0]

128

[18.6]

[2.9]

[5.1]

[10.9]

105

[15.2]

160

[23.2]

280

[40.6]

Flexural

Strength, min.,

kPa [psi]

[10.0]

172

[25.0]

207

[30.0]

240

[35]

345

[50.0]

414

[60.0]

517

[75.0]

276

[40.0]

276

[40.0]

345

[50.0]

414

[60.0]

517

[75.0]

689

[100.0]

Oxygen Index,

min.,

volume %

24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0

For products that have an external skin, testing shall be undertaken with skins intact.

D6817/D6817M − 17 (2025)

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shall have the right to re-inspect the rejected shipment and

resubmit selected units for acceptance under tightened inspec-

tion.

11. Certiﬁcation

11.1 Unless otherwise speciﬁed in the purchase order or

contract, the manufacturer or supplier shall furnish third-party

certiﬁcation that the representative material has either been

tested or inspected as directed in the speciﬁcation and the

requirements have been met. When speciﬁed in the purchase

order or contract, a report of the test results shall be furnished.

12. Product Marking

12.1 The following shall be marked on each whole unit of

product:

12.1.1 Manufacturer’s identiﬁcation,

12.1.2 Date of manufacture, and

12.1.3 Type (see Table 1).

13. Test Methods

13.1 Conditioning:

13.1.1 Samples shall be conditioned at a standard laboratory

temperature of 23 62 °C [73.4 64 °F] for a minimum of 24 h

prior to the start of tests.

13.2 Dimensions and Density—Test in accordance with Test

Method C303 or Test Method D1622/D1622M.

13.3 Compressive Resistance—Test in accordance with Test

Method C165 or Test Method D1621 using 50 mm [2 in.]

cubes. The rate of cross-head movement shall be 5.0 6

0.5 mm ⁄min [0.2 60.02 in./min] equivalent to 10 % strain per

minute.

13.4 Flexural Strength—Test in accordance with Test Meth-

ods C203.

13.5 Oxygen Index—Test in accordance with Test Method

D2863.

14. Precision and Bias

14.1 The precision of the test method described in 13.3 is

based on an interlaboratory study conducted in 2011. A total of

seven laboratories participated in this study, testing three

materials at 1 %, 5 %, and 10 % compressive resistance. Each

“test result” reported represents an individual determination,

and all participants were asked to report ﬁve test results for

each area tested. Practice E691 was followed for the design and

analysis of the data; the details are given in ASTM Research

Report No. RR:D35-1014.

14.1.1 Repeatability Limit (r)—Two test results obtained

within one laboratory shall be judged not equivalent if they

differ by more than the “r” value for that material; “r” is the

interval representing the critical difference between two test

results for the same material, obtained by the same operator

using the same equipment on the same day in the same

laboratory.

14.1.1.1 Repeatability limits are listed in Tables 3-5.

14.1.2 Reproducibility Limit (R)—Two test results shall be

judged not equivalent if they differ by more than the “R” value

for that material; “R” is the interval representing the critical

difference between two test results for the same material,

obtained by different operators using different equipment in

different laboratories.

14.1.2.1 Reproducibility limits are listed in Tables 3-5.

14.1.3 The above terms (repeatability limit and reproduc-

ibility limit) are used as speciﬁed in Practice E177.

14.1.4 Any judgment made in accordance with statements

14.1.1 and 14.1.2 would have an approximate 95 % probability

of being correct.

14.2 Bias—As there were no available standard reference

materials at the time of this study, bias cannot be determined.

14.3 The precision statement was determined through sta-

tistical examination of 315 test results, submitted by seven

laboratories, recording compressive resistance measurements

of three materials.

14.3.1 The three materials were all described as expanded

polystyrene.

14.4 To judge the equivalency of two test results, it is

recommended to choose the material that is closest in charac-

teristics to the test material.

15. Keywords

15.1 block; board; cellular polystyrene; EPS; expanded

polystyrene; extruded polystyrene; foam plastic; geofoam;

RCPS; reprocessed; rigid cellular polystyrene; XPS

Supporting data have been ﬁled at ASTM International Headquarters and may

be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D35-1014. Contact ASTM Customer

Service at www.astm.org/contact.

TABLE 2 Common Manufactured Dimensions of RCPS Geofoam

Dimension,

mm [in.] All EPS Types All XPS Types

Width 305 to 1219 [12 to 48] 406 to 1219 [16 to 48]

Length 1219 to 4877 [48 to 192] 1219 to 2743 [48 to 108]

Thickness 25 to 1219 [1 to 48] 25 to 102 [1 to 4]

TABLE 3 Compressive Resistance at 1 % (Units)

Material Average

x¯

Repeatability

Standard

Deviation

Reproducibility

Standard

Deviation

Repeatability

Limit

Reproducibility

Limit

A 4.564 0.333 0.647 0.933 1.812

B 9.855 0.381 1.144 1.068 3.203

C 21.591 0.850 2.310 2.379 6.467

The average of the laboratories’ calculated averages.

D6817/D6817M − 17 (2025)

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摘要：

ASTM D6817 - D 6817M - 17 (2025) 是用于刚性蜂窝状聚苯乙烯地布泡沫（即土工泡沫）的标准规格，涵盖材料分类、物理性能、尺寸公差及测试方法，适用于轻质填土、地基保温、道路减荷等土木工程场景。该标准于2025年重新确认，确保泡沫压缩强度、密度和长期耐久性满足现行工程要求。文档详细列出了不同类型的泡沫等级及其对应性能指标，指导用户根据施工环境和荷载需求选择合适材料。无论是用于桥台填筑、边坡稳定还是地下结构隔热，遵循此标准可保障工程质量与安全性。本标准由中国标准翻译机构整理

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