ASTM C143 - C 143M - 26 液压水泥混凝土坍落度的标准试验方法

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标准小能手 2026-06-22 16 237.41KB 4 页 26星币

Designation: C143/C143M −26
Standard Test Method for
Slump of Hydraulic-Cement Concrete
1
This standard is issued under the ﬁxed designation C143/C143M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers determination of slump of
hydraulic-cement concrete, both in the laboratory and in the
ﬁeld.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to
ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be
used independently of the other, and values from the two
systems shall not be combined.
NOTE 1—Sieve size is identiﬁed by its standard designation in Speci-
ﬁcation E11. The alternative designation given in parentheses is for
information only and does not represent a different standard sieve size.
1.3 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes
that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and ﬁgures) shall not be considered
as requirements of this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
(Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic
and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon
prolonged exposure.
2
)
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
Specimens in the Field
C138/C138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield,
and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete
C172/C172M Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Con-
crete
C173/C173M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed
Concrete by the Volumetric Method
C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
Specimens in the Laboratory
C231/C231M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed
Concrete by the Pressure Method
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
E11 Speciﬁcation for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
Sieves
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 A sample of freshly mixed concrete is placed and
compacted by rodding in a mold shaped as the frustum of a
cone. The mold is raised, and the concrete allowed to subside.
The vertical distance between the original and displaced
position of the center of the top surface of the concrete is
measured and reported as the slump of the concrete.
4. Signiﬁcance and Use
4.1 This test method is intended to provide the user with a
procedure to determine slump of plastic hydraulic-cement
concretes.
NOTE 2—This test method was originally developed to provide a
technique to monitor the consistency of unhardened concrete. Under
laboratory conditions, with strict control of all concrete materials, the
slump is generally found to increase proportionally with the water content
of a given concrete mixture, and thus to be inversely related to concrete
strength. Under ﬁeld conditions, however, such a strength relationship is
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
C09.60 on Testing Fresh Concrete.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2026. Published February 2026. Originally
approved in 1922. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as C143/C143M – 20.
DOI: 10.1520/C0143_C0143M-26.
2
Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at www.astm.org/contact. For Annual Book of
ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary
page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1

not clearly and consistently shown. Care should therefore be taken in
relating slump results obtained under ﬁeld conditions to strength.
4.2 This test method is considered applicable to plastic
concrete having coarse aggregate up to 1
1
⁄
2
in. [37.5 mm] in
size. If the coarse aggregate is larger than 1
1
⁄
2
in. [37.5 mm] in
size, the test method is applicable when it is performed on the
fraction of concrete passing a 1
1
⁄
2
-in. [37.5-mm] sieve, with the
larger aggregate being removed in accordance with the section
titled “Additional Procedure for Large Maximum Size Aggre-
gate Concrete” in Practice C172/C172M.
4.3 This test method is not considered applicable to non-
plastic and non-cohesive concrete.
NOTE 3—Concretes having slumps less than
1
⁄
2
in. [15 mm] may not be
adequately plastic and concretes having slumps greater than about 9 in.
[230 mm] may not be adequately cohesive for this test to have signiﬁ-
cance. Caution should be exercised in interpreting such results.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Mold—The test specimen shall be formed in a mold
made of metal or plastic not readily attacked by the cement
paste. The mold shall be sufficiently rigid to maintain the
speciﬁed dimensions and tolerances during use, resistant to
impact forces, and shall be non-absorbent. Metal molds shall
have an average thickness of not less than 0.060 in. [1.5 mm]
with no individual thickness measurement less than 0.045 in.
[1.15 mm]. Plastic molds shall be ABS plastic or equivalent
(Note 4) with a minimum average wall thickness of 0.125 in.
[3 mm], with no individual thickness measurement less than
0.100 in. [2.5 mm]. The manufacturer or supplier shall certify
the materials used in mold construction are in compliance with
the requirements of this test method. The mold shall be in the
form of the lateral surface of the frustum of a cone with the
base 8 in. [200 mm] in diameter, the top 4 in. [100 mm] in
diameter, and the height 12 in. [300 mm]. Individual diameters
and heights shall be within 6
1
⁄
8
in. [3 mm] of the prescribed
dimensions. The base and the top shall be open and parallel to
each other and at right angles to the axis of the cone. The mold
shall be provided with foot pieces and handles similar to those
shown in Fig. 1. The mold shall be constructed without a seam.
The interior of the mold shall be relatively smooth and free
from projections. The mold shall be free from dents,
deformation, or adhered mortar. A mold which clamps to a
nonabsorbent base plate is acceptable instead of the one
illustrated, provided the clamping arrangement is such that it
can be fully released without movement of the mold and the
base is large enough to contain all of the slumped concrete in
an acceptable test.
NOTE 4—ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) plastic exhibits the
following minimum mechanical properties:
Tensile modulus of elasticity,
at 73 °F [23 °C]
320 000 psi [2206 MPa]
Tensile strength (Test Method D638) 5670 psi [39 MPa]
Percent Elongation at Break,
at 73 °F [23 °C]
40 %
5.1.1 Check and record conformance to the mold’s speciﬁed
dimensions when it is purchased or ﬁrst placed in service and
at least annually thereafter. To measure the top diameter,
bottom diameter, and height, perform two measurements for
each, approximately 90° apart, and record the results of each
measurement. To verify mold thickness, perform two measure-
ments approximately 180° apart at 1 in. 6
1
⁄
2
in. [25 mm 610
mm] from the top of the mold, two measurements approxi-
mately 180° apart at 1 in. 6
1
⁄
2
in. [25 mm 610 mm] from the
bottom of the mold, and calculate the average of the four
measurements.
5.2 Tamping Rod—A round, smooth, straight steel rod, with
a
5
⁄
8
in. [16 mm] 6
1
⁄
16
in. [2 mm] diameter. The length of the
tamping rod shall be at least 4 in. [100 mm] greater than the
depth of the mold in which rodding is being performed, but not
greater than 24 in. [600 mm] in overall length (Note 5). The rod
shall have the tamping end or both ends rounded to a
hemispherical tip of the same diameter as the rod.
NOTE 5—A rod length of 16 in. [400 mm] to 24 in. [600 mm] meets the
requirements of the following: Practice C31/C31M, Test Method C138/
C138M, Test Method C143/C143M, Test Method C173/C173M, and Test
Method C231/C231M.
5.3 Measuring Device—A ruler, metal roll-up measuring
tape, or similar rigid or semi-rigid length measuring instrument
marked in increments of
1
⁄
4
in. [5 mm] or smaller. The
instrument length shall be at least 12 in. [300 mm].
5.4 Scoop—of a size large enough so each amount of
concrete obtained from the sampling receptacle is representa-
tive and small enough so it is not spilled during placement in
the mold.
Dimensional Units
in.
1
⁄
16 1
⁄
81
⁄
2
1 3 3
1
⁄
8
4 8 12
mm [2] [3] [15] [25] [75] [80] [100] [200] [300]
FIG. 1 Mold for Slump Test
C143/C143M − 26
2

6. Sampling
6.1 Obtain the sample of freshly mixed concrete in accor-
dance with Practice C172/C172M in the ﬁeld, or Practice
C192/C192M in the laboratory, and place it in the sample
receptacle. If the nominal maximum size of coarse aggregate
exceeds 1
1
⁄
2
-in. [37.5 -mm], wet-sieve a sufficient amount of
the representative sample over a 37.5-mm (1
1
⁄
2
-in.) sieve in
accordance with Practice C172/C172M to yield enough mate-
rial to ﬁll the cone.
NOTE 6—Information regarding the nominal maximum size of the
coarse aggregate should be available from the concrete mixture propor-
tions.
7. Procedure
7.1 Dampen the mold and place it on a rigid, ﬂat, level,
moist, nonabsorbent surface, free of vibration, and that is large
enough to contain all of the slumped concrete. It shall be held
ﬁrmly in place during ﬁlling and perimeter cleaning by the
operator standing on the two foot pieces or by a clamping
arrangement to a base plate as described in 5.1. From the
sample of concrete obtained in accordance with Section 6,
immediately ﬁll the mold in three layers, each approximately
one third the volume of the mold (See Note 7). Place the
concrete in the mold using the scoop described in 5.4. Move
the scoop around the perimeter of the mold opening to ensure
an even distribution of the concrete with minimal segregation.
NOTE 7—One third of the volume of the slump mold ﬁlls it to a depth
of 2
5
⁄
8
in. [70 mm]; two thirds of the volume ﬁlls it to a depth of 6
1
⁄
8
in.
[160 mm].
7.2 Rod each layer 25 times uniformly over the cross
section with the rounded end of the rod. For the bottom layer,
this will necessitate inclining the rod slightly and making
approximately half of the strokes near the perimeter, and then
progressing with vertical strokes spirally toward the center.
Rod the bottom layer throughout its depth. For each upper
layer, allow the rod to penetrate through the layer being rodded
and into the layer below approximately 1 in. [25 mm].
7.3 In ﬁlling and rodding the top layer, heap the concrete
above the mold before rodding is started. If the rodding
operation results in subsidence of the concrete below the top
edge of the mold, add additional concrete to keep an excess of
concrete above the top of the mold at all times. After the top
layer has been rodded, strike off the surface of the concrete by
means of a screeding and rolling motion of the tamping rod.
Continue to hold the mold down ﬁrmly and remove concrete
from the area surrounding the base of the mold to preclude
interference with the movement of slumping concrete. Remove
the mold immediately from the concrete by raising it carefully
in a vertical direction. Raise the mold a distance of 12 in. [300
mm] in 5 62 s by a steady upward lift with no lateral or
torsional motion. Complete the entire test from the start of the
ﬁlling through removal of the mold without interruption and
complete it within an elapsed time of 2
1
⁄
2
min.
7.4 Immediately measure the slump by determining the
vertical difference between the top of the mold and the
displaced original center of the top surface of the specimen. If
a decided falling away or shearing off of concrete from one
side or portion of the mass occurs (Note 8), disregard the test
and make a new test on another portion of the sample.
NOTE 8—If two consecutive tests on a sample of concrete show a falling
away or shearing off of a portion of the concrete from the mass of the
specimen, the concrete probably lacks necessary plasticity and cohesive-
ness for the slump test to be applicable.
8. Report
8.1 Report the slump in terms of inches [millimetres] to the
nearest
1
⁄
4
in. [5 mm] of subsidence of the specimen during the
test.
9. Precision and Bias
4
9.1 Precision—The estimates of precision for this test
method are based upon results from tests conducted in
Fayetteville, Arkansas by 15 technicians from 14 laboratories
representing 3 states. All tests at 3 different slump ranges, from
1.0 in. [25 mm] to 6.5 in. [160 mm], were performed using one
load of truck-mixed concrete. The concrete was delivered and
tested at a low slump, with water then being added and mixed
into the remaining concrete to independently produce moderate
and ﬁnally high-slump concrete. The concrete mixture that
used a No. 67 crushed limestone aggregate and a washed river
sand, contained 500 lb of cementitious materials per cubic yard
[297 kg of cementitious material per cubic metre]. The 500 lb
[227 kg] were equally divided between a C150, Type I/II
cement and a Class C ﬂy ash. A double dosage of a chemical
retarder was used in an attempt to minimize slump losses and
maintain workability of the concrete. Concrete temperatures
ranged from 86 °F to 93 °F [30 °C to 34 °C]. Slump losses
averaged 0.68 in. [17 mm] during the 20 min required to
perform a series of 6 tests at 1 slump range. Testing was
performed alternately using metal and plastic molds, which
were determined to produce comparable results. Precision data
thus applies to both metal and plastic molds. A total of 270
slump tests were performed.
9.1.1 Inch-Pound [SI]—The data used to develop the preci-
sion statement were obtained using metric units (millimetres).
The precision values shown in inch-pound units are conver-
sions from the millimetre measurements, which were recorded
to the nearest 1 mm.
9.1.2 Measure of Variability—The standard deviation was
determined to be the most consistent measure of variability and
was found to vary with the slump value.
9.1.3 Single-Operator Precision—The single-operator stan-
dard deviation represented by (1s) is shown in Table 1 by
average slump values. The reported results for the replicate
readings apply to tests conducted by the same operator
performing successive tests, one immediately following the
other. Acceptable results of two properly conducted tests by the
same operator on the same material (Note 9) will not differ
from each other by more than the (d2s) value of the last column
of Table 1 for the appropriate slump value and single-operator
precision.
4
The test data used to develop this precision statement were based on tests
performed in September 1997. Supporting data have been ﬁled at ASTM Interna-
tional Headquarters and may be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:C09-
1022. Contact ASTM Customer Service at www.astm.org/contact.
C143/C143M − 26
3

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标签： #混凝土 #标准试验 #试验方法

摘要：

ASTM C143 - C 143M - 26 是用于测定液压水泥混凝土坍落度的标准试验方法，广泛应用于施工现场和实验室中评估新拌混凝土的工作性与一致性。该标准通过测量混凝土试样在坍落度筒移除后的垂直沉降量，快速判断混凝土的稠度与流动性，从而为配合比调整、质量控制及施工性能提供可靠依据。ASTM C143 与 C 143M 分别涵盖英制单位与公制单位，2026 版在设备要求、操作步骤及结果判定方面进行了强化与更新，适用于所有类型的水泥混凝土，包括普通、轻质及重质混凝土。掌握这一试验方法有助于工程

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ASTM C143 - C 143M - 26 液压水泥混凝土坍落度的标准试验方法

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