ASTM F3440 - 26 飞机维护化学品对低脆化锌镍镀层腐蚀的标准试验方法

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Designation: F3440 −26

Standard Test Method for

Corrosion of Low-Embrittling Zinc-Nickel Plate by Aircraft

Maintenance Chemicals

This standard is issued under the ﬁxed designation F3440; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of

original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A

superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope

1.1 This test method is intended as a means of determining

the corrosive effects of aircraft maintenance chemicals on

low-embrittling zinc-nickel plating used on aircraft high-

strength steel, under conditions of total immersion by quanti-

tative measurements of weight change. Aircraft maintenance

chemicals requiring this test method shall be determined by the

cognizant engineering authority.

1.2 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be

regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are

mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for

information only and are not considered standard.

1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials,

operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to

address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its

use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to

establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental prac-

tices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations

prior to use. For speciﬁc hazard statements, see Section 6and

4.1.

1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-

dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-

ization established in the Decision on Principles for the

Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-

mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical

Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

2. Referenced Documents

2.1 ASTM Standards:

D329 Speciﬁcation for Acetone

D1193 Speciﬁcation for Reagent Water

2.2 SAE Standards:

AMS 6345 Steel Sheet, Strip and Plate (SAE 4130) Normal-

ized or Otherwise Heat Treated

AMS 6350 Steel Sheet, Strip and Plate (SAE 4130)

AMS 2417 Plating, Zinc-Nickel Alloy

AMS 2461 Plating, Zinc-Nickel Alloy (12 to 16 % Ni)

AMS 2750 Pyrometry

3. Signiﬁcance and Use

3.1 The data generated by this test method shall be used to

determine whether low embrittling zinc-nickel plated parts are

liable to be corroded or damaged by application of the test

material during routine maintenance operations.

4. Apparatus

4.1 Wide Mouth Sealable Glass Jar or Stoppered Flask,

having a capacity so chosen that specimens will remain fully

immersed in a vertical position and not in contact with other

specimens during the test and the ratio of area of immersed

metal to the volume of solution will be as prescribed in 9.1.

(Warning—Some aircraft maintenance chemicals when

heated have high vapor pressures or may produce gases during

testing. Suitable precautions should be taken to prevent the

containing vessel from exploding or the vessel should be so

chosen as to withstand the resulting pressures.)

4.2 Constant Temperature Device—Any suitable regulated

heating device may be employed for maintaining the solution

at the required temperature.

4.3 Oven, capable of maintaining temperature per SAE-

AMS 2750, Furnace Class 5. AMS 2750 is for reference only,

drying oven does not have to be certiﬁed to AMS 2750.

5. Reagents

5.1 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references

to water shall be understood to mean reagent water as deﬁned

by Type III of Speciﬁcation D1193.

5.2 Acetone, in accordance with Speciﬁcation D329.

This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F07 on

Aerospace and Aircraft and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F07.07 on

Qualiﬁcation Testing of Aircraft Cleaning Materials.

Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2026. Published February 2026. Originally

approved in 2021. Last previous edition approved in 2024 as F3440 – 24. DOI:

10.1520/F3440-26.

For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or

contact ASTM Customer Service at www.astm.org/contact. For Annual Book of

ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary

page on the ASTM website.

Available from SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale,

PA 15096, http://www.sae.org.

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the

Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

6. Safety Precautions

6.1 The solvents used in cleaning test specimens are ﬂam-

mable or harmful if inhaled, or both. Keep away from sparks

and open ﬂames. Avoid breathing vapors and prolonged or

repeated contact with skin. Use adequate ventilation.

6.2 Some materials used for aircraft maintenance may

contain ﬂammable solvents, acids or alkalis, or other toxic

compounds. Take suitable precautions to prevent personal

injury.

7. Test Specimens

7.1 The test specimens shall be made of 4130 steel in

accordance with SAE-AMS 6345 or SAE-AMS 6350, measur-

ing 1 in. by 2 in. by 0.048 in. (25.4 mm by 50.8 mm by

1.22 mm) and zinc-nickel plated in accordance with SAE-AMS

2461, Type 1, Class 1, or SAE-AMS 2417, Type 1, Composi-

tion 12 to 16 % Ni (Nickel), with a thickness of 0.0005 in. to

0.0008 in. (12 microns to 20 microns). The plating process

used on the test specimens shall be qualiﬁed, in accordance

with SAE-AMS 2417 or SAE-AMS 2461, to not cause

hydrogen embrittlement in steel parts 51 HRC and over, and

test specimens shall be baked for a minimum of 23 h at 375 °F

625 °F (191 °C 614 °C) after plating. Three replicates

should be tested in each concentration of maintenance chemi-

cals solution as prescribed in 9.2.

8. Precleaning Test Specimens

8.1 Immerse the test specimens in a beaker of acetone and

swab the surface of the individual specimen thoroughly using

clean forceps to hold the test specimen and the cotton swab.

8.2 Shake off excess solvent. Transfer and immerse the test

specimens separately several times in a beaker of acetone.

8.3 Shake off excess acetone and dry in an oven at 230 °F 6

25 °F (110 °C 614 °C) for a minimum of 60 min.

9. Test Conditions

9.1 Ratio of Area of Immersed Metal to Volume of

Solution—The ratio of the area of immersed metal to volume of

solution shall be 25 mL of solution per 1 in.

(625 mm

) of

specimen surface.

9.2 Solution Concentration—Unless otherwise speciﬁed,

test the specimens in solutions of the maintenance chemicals in

the concentrated as-received condition and at the recom-

mended use dilution, using water to dilute the material under

test. (For solid materials, concentrated condition shall mean

one part solid to ﬁve parts by weight of diluent.) In case the

material is not soluble at the recommended dilution, record this

fact and continue with the test.

9.2.1 If water is not used as the diluent, record the type and

speciﬁcation of diluent used in the test.

9.3 Temperature—Unless otherwise speciﬁed, the test tem-

perature shall be 95 °F 62 °F (35 °C 61 °C).

9.4 Test Duration—Unless otherwise speciﬁed, the test pe-

riod shall be 24 h.

10. Procedure

10.1 Dry the precleaned specimens at 230 °F 625 °F

(110 °C 614 °C) for a minimum of 60 min, allow to cool to

room temperature in a desiccator, then weigh to the nearest

0.1 mg.

10.2 Transfer the specimens to the vessel containing the

preheated maintenance chemical solution. Seal the test vessel

to prevent loss of vapor. Maintain at the required temperature

and expose for a period of 24 h.

10.3 Remove the specimens at the end of the exposure

period and proceed as follows:

10.3.1 Hold the specimen in forceps and rinse thoroughly in

a 1 L beaker into which tap water is ﬂowing rapidly.

10.3.2 Rinse thoroughly in water at room temperature.

10.3.3 Rinse with a stream of acetone from a wash bottle.

Shake free from acetone and dry.

10.3.4 Place the specimens in an oven at 230 °F 625 °F

(110 °C 614 °C) for a minimum of 60 min and allow to cool

to room temperature in a desiccator.

10.3.5 Reweigh the specimens to the nearest 0.1 mg and

record.

11. Report

11.1 Report the following data for each test performed:

11.1.1 Name and type of maintenance chemical tested.

11.1.2 Concentrations and diluent used.

11.1.3 Number of specimens tested.

11.1.4 Temperature and duration of test.

11.1.5 Average weight loss in milligrams per 24 h.

11.1.6 Range in weight loss values.

11.1.7 Report any visual change in appearance including

staining.

12. Precision and Bias

12.1 No statement is made about either the precision or bias

of this test method since the result merely states whether there

is conformance to the criteria for success speciﬁed in the

accompanying material or process speciﬁcation of the material

being tested, or both.

13. Keywords

13.1 aircraft maintenance chemicals; corrosion; low-

embrittling zinc-nickel plate; weight loss

F3440 − 26

ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned

in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk

of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.

This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every ﬁve years and

if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards

and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the

responsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should

make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.

This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,

United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above

address or at 610-832-9585 (phone), or through the ASTM website (www.astm.org/contact). Permission rights to photocopy the

standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600;

http://www.copyright.com/

F3440 − 26

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标签： #腐蚀 #镍 #标准试验

摘要：

ASTM F3440 - 26《飞机维护化学品对低脆化锌镍镀层腐蚀的标准试验方法》是航空材料与表面处理领域的重要标准，用于评估飞机维护过程中使用的清洗剂、除冰液、液压油、润滑剂及其他化学品对低脆化锌镍镀层的腐蚀影响。该标准通过规定试样制备、试验条件、化学品暴露、腐蚀观察和结果评定等要求，为锌镍镀层零部件与维护化学品的相容性、耐腐蚀性和低脆化性能提供统一测试依据。采用 ASTM F3440 - 26 可帮助航空制造、维修、化学品供应商和质量控制部门比较不同维护化学品的影响，支持材料选择、工艺验证、

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