ASTM C11 - 24a 有关石膏及相关建筑材料和系统的标准术语

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Designation: C11 −24a
Standard Terminology Relating to
Gypsum and Related Building Materials and Systems
1
This standard is issued under the ﬁxed designation C11; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This standard covers terminology relating to gypsum
and related building materials and systems. The terms are
generically deﬁned. More speciﬁc and expanded deﬁnitions
may appear in appropriate standards.
1.2 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
C22/C22M Speciﬁcation for Gypsum
C28/C28M Speciﬁcation for Gypsum Plasters
C35 Speciﬁcation for Inorganic Aggregates for Use in Gyp-
sum Plaster
C59/C59M Speciﬁcation for Gypsum Casting Plaster and
Gypsum Molding Plaster
C61/C61M Speciﬁcation for Gypsum Keene’s Cement
C317/C317M Speciﬁcation for Gypsum Concrete
C318/C318M Speciﬁcation for Gypsum Formboard
C472 Test Methods for Physical Testing of Gypsum, Gyp-
sum Plasters, and Gypsum Concrete
C473 Test Methods for Physical Testing of Gypsum Panel
Products
C475/C475M Speciﬁcation for Joint Compound and Joint
Tape for Finishing Gypsum Board
C557 Speciﬁcation for Adhesives for Fastening Gypsum
Wallboard to Wood Framing
C587 Speciﬁcation for Gypsum Veneer Plaster
C843 Speciﬁcation for Application of Gypsum Veneer Plas-
ter
C954 Speciﬁcation for Steel Drill Screws for the Application
of Gypsum Panel Products or Metal Plaster Bases to Steel
Studs from 0.033 in. (0.84 mm) to 0.112 in. (2.84 mm) in
Thickness
C1007 Speciﬁcation for Installation of Load Bearing (Trans-
verse and Axial) Steel Studs and Related Accessories
C1396/C1396M Speciﬁcation for Gypsum Board
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of
Building Materials
E96/E96M Test Methods for Gravimetric Determination of
Water Vapor Transmission Rate of Materials
E119 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction
and Materials
E337 Test Method for Measuring Humidity with a Psy-
chrometer (the Measurement of Wet- and Dry-Bulb Tem-
peratures)
3. Terminology
accelerator,n—a material that reduces setting time.
accessories, n—products fabricated for the purpose of forming
corners, edges, control joints, or decorative effects.
adhesive, n—a substance capable of holding materials together
by surface attachment.
admixture, n—a material other than water, aggregates, hydrau-
lic cementitious material, and ﬁber reinforcement that is
used as an ingredient to modify properties and is added to the
batch before or during its mixture.
aggregate, n—an inert granular material which may be added
to gypsum plasters. (C35)
all purpose compound, n—a drying-type or setting-type
compound formulated and manufactured to serve as both a
taping and a ﬁnishing compound.
anhydrite, n—the mineral consisting primarily of anhydrous
calcium sulfate, CaSO
4
.
arris (of an arch), n—the outside corner or angle formed by
the meeting of a wall surface with the curved surface of an
arch (see Fig. 1).
base coat, n—any or all layers of plaster in place prior to
application of ﬁnish coats.
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C11 on
Gypsum and Related Building Materials and Systems and is the direct responsibility
of Subcommittee C11.91 on Terminology and Editorial.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2024. Published October 2024. Originally
approved in 1916. Last previous edition approved in 2024 as C11 – 24. DOI:
10.1520/C0011-24A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at www.astm.org/contact. For Annual Book of
ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary
page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1

DISCUSSION—The ﬁrst application is normally called a scratch coat

and the second application is referred to as a brown coat.

bedding coat, n—that coat of plaster to receive aggregate or

other decorative material of any size, impinged or embedded

into its surface, before it sets.

bond plaster, n—a calcined gypsum plaster specially formu-

lated for application over rough monolithic concrete as a

bonding coat for a subsequent gypsum plaster layer.

(C28/C28M)

bridging, n—in framing, sections of wood or metal pieces used

between framing members to stiffen, give lateral support,

and minimize rotation.

brown coat, n—the second layer in three-coat plaster applica-

tion.

building construction joint, n—a designed division of a

building that allows movement of all component parts of the

building, in any plane, which may be caused by thermal,

seismic, wind loading, or any other force. The construction

of the separation is accomplished by one of the following

methods: (1) manufactured devices suitable for this

application, or (2) by ﬁeld fabrication of suitable materials.

calcined gypsum, n—a dry powder; primarily calcium sulfate

hemihydrate, resulting from calcination of gypsum; cemen-

titious base for production of most gypsum plasters: also

called plaster of paris, sometimes called stucco.

calcium sulfate, n—the chemical compound CaSO

cementitious material, n—a material that, when mixed with

water, with or without aggregate, provides the plasticity and

the cohesive and adhesive properties necessary for

placement, and the formation of a rigid mass.

check cracking (in joint systems), n—short, narrow cracks

randomly oriented in the surface of the dried joint com-

pound.

combined water, n—the water chemically held, as water of

crystallization, by the calcium sulfate dihydrate or hemihy-

drate crystal.

compressive strength, n—the maximum load sustained by a

standard specimen of a material when subjected to a crush-

ing force.

consistency, n—a property of a material determined by the

complete ﬂow force relation. (C557)

consistency (normal), n—the number of millilitres of water

per 100 g of gypsum plaster or gypsum concrete required to

produce a mortar or a slurry of speciﬁed ﬂuidity. (C472)

control (expansion-contraction) joint, n—a designed separa-

tion in the system materials that allows for movement caused

by expansion or contraction of the system. The construction

of the separation is accomplished by one of the following

methods: (1) manufactured devices suitable for this

application, or (2) by ﬁeld fabrication of suitable materials.

core (of gypsum board), n—the hardened material ﬁlling the

space between the face and back papers consisting substan-

tially of rehydrated gypsum with additives.

core (of gypsum panel products), n—the hardened material,

consisting substantially of gypsum, with additives, that ﬁlls

the space between the face and the back of the gypsum panel

product.

cored tile or block,n—see gypsum tile or block.

cornerbead, n—an accessory for outside corners.

corner reinforcement, exterior, n—a preformed section of

wire or expanded sheet steel, for the reinforcement of

exterior stucco external corners (arrises).

cure (portland cement plaster or stucco), v—(1) to provide

conditions conducive to the hydration process of portland

cement plaster or stucco, or (2) to maintain proper tempera-

ture and a sufficient quantity of water within the plaster to

ensure cement hydration.

density, n—the weight per unit volume of a material. (C472)

dried sample, n—a sample devoid of free water.

drying-type compound, n—a joint compound that hardens by

the evaporation of water.

edge (of glass mat gypsum panels), n—the bound edge as

manufactured.

edge (of gypsum board), n—the paper-bound edge as manu-

factured.

edge trim, n—an accessory to cover exposed ends or edges of

gypsum board.

embedding compound—see taping compound.

end (of glass mat gypsum panels), n—the end perpendicular

to the bound edge. The gypsum core is always exposed.

end (of gypsum board), n—the end perpendicular to the

paper-bound edge. The gypsum core is always exposed.

expansion joint,n—see control (expansion-contraction)

joint.

FIG. 1 Arris (of an Arch)

C11 − 24a

face, n—the surface designed to be left exposed to view or to
receive decoration or additional ﬁnishes.
facer, n—a woven or nonwoven fabric or membrane on the
surface of a gypsum board or gypsum panel product that is
an integral part of the product.
featured edge, n—an edge conﬁguration of the paper bound
edge of gypsum board that provides special design or
performance.
ﬁneness modulus, n—an empirical factor obtained by adding
total percentages of a sample of aggregate retained on each
of a speciﬁed series of sieves and dividing by 100. The sieve
sizes used are: No. 100 (150 µm), No. 50 (300 µm), No. 30
(600 µm), No. 16 (1.18 mm), No. 8 (2.36 mm), No. 4
(4.75 mm),
3
⁄
8
in. (9.5 mm),
3
⁄
4
in. (19.0 mm), 1
1
⁄
2
in.
(38.1 mm) and larger, increasing in the ratio of 2 to 1.
ﬁnish coat, n—the ﬁnal layer of plaster applied over a basecoat
or other substrate.
ﬁnishing compound, n—(sometimes called topping com-
pound) a drying-type compound speciﬁcally formulated and
manufactured for use over taping or all purpose compounds
to provide a smooth and level surface for the application of
decoration.
ﬁre-resistance classiﬁcation, n—a standard rating of ﬁre-
resistance and protective characteristics of a building con-
struction or assembly. (E119)
ﬂame spread classiﬁcation, n—a standard rating of relative
surface burning characteristics of a building material as
compared to a standard material. (E84)
ﬂexural strength, n—the maximum load sustained by a
standard specimen of a sheet material when subjected to a
bending force.
ﬂoating, v—the act of spreading, compacting, or consolidating
to achieve a speciﬁed uniform appearance.
framing member, n—stud, plate, track, joist, furring, and other
support to which a gypsum panel product, or metal plaster
base is attached.
free water, n—all water contained by gypsum board or plaster
in excess of that chemically held as water of crystallization.
gauging plaster, n—a calcined gypsum plaster designed to be
mixed with lime putty. (C28/C28M)
glass mat, n—a woven or non-woven fabric of glass ﬁbers with
or without a binder.
glass mat gypsum panel, n—a gypsum panel product with
glass mat facers.
grout, n—gypsum or portland cement plaster used to ﬁll
crevices or to ﬁll hollow metal frames.
gypsum, n—the mineral consisting primarily of fully hydrated
calcium sulfate, CaSO
4
·2H
2
O or calcium sulfate dihydrate.
(C22/C22M)
gypsum backing board, n—a
1
⁄
4
in. to
5
⁄
8
in. gypsum board for
use as a backing for gypsum wallboard, acoustical tile, or
other dry cladding.
water resistant gypsum backing board—a gypsum board
designed for use on walls primarily as a base for the application
of ceramic, or plastic tile.
gypsum base for veneer plasters, n—a gypsum board used as
the base for application of a gypsum veneer plaster.
(C1396/C1396M)
gypsum board, n—a type of gypsum panel product consisting
of a noncombustible core primarily of gypsum with paper
surfacing.
gypsum casting plaster, n—a calcined gypsum plaster used
primarily to form objects, such as lamp bases, art ware, and
novelties, and so forth. (C59/C59M)
gypsum concrete, n—a calcined gypsum mixed with wood
chips or aggregate, or both. (C317/C317M)
gypsum coreboard, n—a
3
⁄
4
in. (19.0 mm) to 1 in. (25.4 mm)
gypsum board consisting of a single board or factory
laminated multiple boards, used as a gypsum stud or core in
semisolid or solid gypsum board partitions.
gypsum formboard, n—a gypsum panel product used as the
permanent form for poured gypsum roof decks.
(C318/C318M)
gypsum lath, n—a gypsum board used as the base for
application of gypsum plaster. (C1396/C1396M)
perforated gypsum lath—a gypsum lath having perforations
to provide mechanical keying of the basecoat plaster.
foil-backed gypsum lath—the same as plain gypsum lath
except that in addition, the back surface shall be covered with
a continuous sheet of pure bright ﬁnished aluminum foil.
type X lath—a gypsum lath specially manufactured to
provide speciﬁc ﬁre-resistant characteristics.
gypsum molding plaster, n—a calcined gypsum plaster used
primarily for plaster casts or molds, sometimes used as a
gauging plaster. (C59/C59M,C28/C28M)
gypsum neat plaster, n—a calcined gypsum mixed at the mill
with ingredients to control working quality and setting time.
(C28/C28M)
DISCUSSION—Neat plaster is either ﬁbered or unﬁbered. The addition
of aggregate is required on the job.
gypsum panel products, n—the general name for a family of
sheet products consisting essentially of gypsum.
gypsum plaster, n—the generic name for a family of powdered
cementitious products consisting primarily of calcined gyp-
sum with additives to modify physical characteristics, and
having the ability, when mixed with water, to produce a
plastic mortar or slurry which can be formed to the desired
shape by various methods and will subsequently set to a
hard, rigid mass. (C28/C28M)
C11 − 24a
3

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标签： #石膏 #术语 #建筑材料

摘要：

本文档详细介绍了ASTM C11 - 24a标准，该标准定义了石膏及相关建筑材料和系统的专业术语，涵盖石膏板、石膏基灰泥、石膏混凝土等产品的规范用词与定义。作为建筑行业权威术语标准，它为工程师、建筑师、质检人员及材料供应商提供了统一的技术语言，确保在施工规范、产品检测和合同文件中准确沟通。通过掌握这些标准化术语，可有效避免因术语歧义导致的施工错误或材料误用，提升建筑项目的质量与安全性。该标准特别适用于石膏墙体系统、天花板装饰及防火隔离等应用场景，是建筑专业人士查询与引用必备的参考文件。

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