AATCC TM92-2024 残留氯对单样品拉伸强度损失的测试方法

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AATCC Manual of International Test Methods and Procedures/2025 AATCC TM92-2024 155

1. Purpose and Scope

1.1 This is an accelerated test method

to determine the potential damage caused

by retained chlorine.

1.2 It has been designed for use on cot-

ton and rayon fabrics, but may be used on

any fabric or finish that is not damaged

by heat alone (see 13.1). Fabrics must be

appropriate for tensile strength testing

(typically woven fabrics).

2. Principle

2.1 The fabrics are treated in sodium

hypochlorite solution, rinsed, dried, and

pressed between hot metal plates. The

damaging action of the retained chlorine

is calculated from the difference in ten-

sile strength before and after pressing.

3. Referenced Documents

NOTE: Use current versions of all

publications unless otherwise specified.

3.1 ASTM D5035, Standard Test

Method for Breaking Force and Elonga-

tion of Textile Fabrics (Strip Method)

(see 13.3).

4. Terminology

4.1 retained chlorine, n.—in textiles

bleached with chlorine-type bleaches,

available chlorine that remains in the ma-

terial after washing and drying.

5. Safety Precautions

5.1 The safety precautions specified in

the method/procedure are ancillary to the

testing procedures and are not intended to

be all inclusive.

5.2 It is the user’s responsibility to ref-

erence applicable safety data sheets, use

safe and proper techniques, and wear ap-

propriate personal protective equipment

in handling materials in this standard.

5.3 Users MUST consult manufactur-

ers for specific details such as equipment

operating instructions and other recom-

mendations.

6. Apparatus and Reagents (see 13.2)

6.1 Beakers, 800 mL.

6.2 pH meter (see 13.4).

6.3 Constant temperature bath (or

suitable alternative means of controlling

temperatures).

6.4 Wringer, laboratory, or household

type.

6.5 Heating device, providing even

heat transfer to the specimen from the top

by close contact at a controlled tempera-

ture and giving a pressure on the speci-

men of 8.8 g/cm2 (see Fig. 1 and 13.5).

6.6 Tensile-strength tester.

6.7 Sodium hypochlorite stock solution

having an available chlorine content of

approximately 5.0%.

6.8 Water, distilled.

7. Preparation of Specimens

7.1 Normally, only warp specimens are

tested. Cut a swatch approximately 35.6

cm (14 in.) in the warp direction and 20.3

cm (8 in.) in the filling direction (if test-

ing filling specimens, reverse these di-

mensions). Specimens will be cut from

this swatch after chlorination.

8. Preparation of Reagents

8.1 Prewetting and Rinse Solutions.

Determine the pH of the distilled water; if

outside the range of 6-7, report the actual

pH (see 13.6).

8.2 Chlorination Solution. Prepare a

chlorination solution containing 0.25%

available chlorine at a pH of 9.5 ± 0.1 as

follows:

8.2.1 If unable to purchase 5% avail-

able chlorine solution, determine the per-

cent available chlorine (Cl) of the sodium

hypochlorite stock solution. Pipette a

1.00-mL portion of approx. 5% sodium

hypochlorite solution into an Erlenmeyer

flask and dilute to 100 mL with distilled

water. Add 6 mL of 12% KI followed by

20 mL of 6N H2SO4 Titrate with 0.1N so-

dium thiosulfate solution and calculate as

follows:

Percent available chlorine:

mL Na thiosulfate 0.1N0.0355 100×××

1 mL sp. grav. Na hypochlorite×

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

8.2.2 Calculate the number of grams

(g) of stock solution required to make one

liter of a 0.25% available chlorine solu-

tion as follows:

where:

g = grams of stock solution required.

Cl = % available chlorine determined.

8.2.3 To 900 mL of distilled water add

the calculated grams (g) of stock solution

required. Adjust the pH to 9.5 ± 0.1 by

the addition of either sodium bicarbonate

to lower the pH or sodium carbonate to

raise it. Finally, add distilled water to

make 1 L and recheck the pH.

9. Procedure

9.1 Because many factors, such as pH,

concentration, and time, significantly in-

fluence the amount of damage caused by

retained chlorine, it is important to fol-

low closely the conditions of the test.

Should any deviations be necessary, in-

clude details in the test. As a means of

checking the test procedure, it is good

practice to run, at the same time, a cotton

fabric whose chlorine-retentive proper-

ties have been determined previously.

9.2 Chlorination Step.

9.2.1 Prewetting Bath. Measure into an

800-mL beaker a volume of distilled wa-

ter equal to 50 times the dry weight of the

fabric sample. Immerse the sample for 3

min at 71 ± 3°C (160 ± 5°F), stirring fre-

quently. Remove sample from bath, allow

to drain and cool at room temperature.

9.2.2 Chlorination Bath. Place the

swatch in an 800-mL beaker containing

the chlorination solution (equal to 50

times the dry weight of the fabric) that is

maintained at a temperature of 25 ± 1°C

(77 ± 2°F). Agitate the swatch frequently

and gently with a glass stirring rod during

the 15-min chlorination period. At the

end of 15 min, remove swatch, allow to

drain momentarily, and pass through a

wringer to remove as much solution as

possible using care to keep the swatch

flat and free from wrinkles. Rinse equip-

ment free of chlorination solution with

distilled water to avoid contamination of

specimens during the subsequent rinsing

procedure.

9.2.3 Rinsing. Immerse the swatch in

an 800-mL beaker containing distilled

water (equal to 50 times the weight of the

swatch) at a temperature of 21-32°C (70-

90°F) for 2 min, agitating the swatch gen-

tly and continually. Remove the swatch

from the bath, allow to drain momen-

g1000 0.25×

----------------------------=

AATCC TM92-2024

Test Method for Chlorine, Retained, Tensile Loss: Single Sample

Fig. 1—Heating device.

Provided by Accuris under license with AATCC

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from Accuris Not for Resale, 2025-04-14 18:24:10 UTC

Sold to: Nawal Analytical Labs India Private limited

Order Number: 00015024

156 AATCC TM92-2024 AATCC Manual of International Test Methods and Procedures/2025

tarily, and then pass through a wringer, as

before, taking all precautions mentioned

previously.

9.2.4 Repeat this rinsing procedure five

(5) more times, making a total of six (6)

rinses. For greater precision, rinse all

swatches separately, to avoid danger of

contamination.

9.2.5 Drying. Air-dry swatches. Hang

on a line or dry flat on a noncorrosive

rack, away from heat, until just dry (do

not press!) Transfer at once to a con-

ditioned atmosphere at 65 ± 5% RH and

21 ± 2°C (70 ± 4°F) and allow to remain

through the scorching step and tensile

strength testing.

9.3 Scorching Step.

9.3.1 Prepare warp specimens by care-

fully cutting five (5) strips approximately

35.6 × 3.2 cm (14.0 × 1.25 in.). Ravel the

strips to exactly 2.54 cm (1.0 in.) wide

following ASTM D5035, Test for Break-

ing Force and Elongation of Textile Fab-

rics (Strip Test). Then trim the 35.6 cm

(14.0 in.) length to 30.5 cm (12.0 in.).

From this set of five 2.54 × 30.5 cm (1.0

× 12.0 in.) strips, make two sets (from the

same set of warp yarns) of 2.54 × 15.2

cm (1.0 × 6.0 in.) raveled strip specimens

by cutting the strips in two. These sets

should be kept separate; one set is to be

scorched, the other used as a control. The

total conditioning time should be not less

than 4 nor more than 24 h.

9.3.2 Prepare heating device in ad-

vance so that the heating plates of the in-

strument maintain a temperature of 185 ±

1°C (365 ± 2°F). If necessary, to avoid air

currents, enclose instrument in a cabinet.

Make sure the two heating plates are

clean and in good adjustment (uniformly

in contact at all points). Scorch each strip

of one set separately (one at a time) by

placing the 2.54 × 15.2 cm (1.0 × 6.0 in.)

specimen in the heating device with the

long direction of the raveled strip perpen-

dicular to the long direction of the heat-

ing plates so that it is scorched across the

center of the raveled strip (see Fig. 1 and

Fig. 2). Scorch the strips for 30 s. Check

reading of the thermometers frequently

during use. Condition the specimens again;

this time conditioning at least 16 h before

making tensile strength measurements.

9.4 Tensile Strength.

9.4.1 Make tensile strength tests on the

unscorched and scorched specimens and

record the individual values. From those,

calculate the average tensile strength for

each set.

10. Calculation of Damage Caused by

Retained Chlorine

10.1 Use the formula as follows:

(Tc – Tcs)/Tc × 100 =

% loss in tensile strength due to damage

caused by retained chlorine.

where:

Tc = average tensile strength of chlo-

rinated specimens, unscorched,

and

Tcs = average tensile strength of chlo-

rinated specimens, scorched.

11. Report

11.1 Describe or identify the samples

tested.

11.2 Report that the sample was tested

using AATCC TM92-2024.

11.3 Report the testing conditions:

11.3.1 Number of specimens tested.

11.4 Report the test results:

11.4.1 Average percent loss in tensile

strength for warp due to damage caused

by retained chlorine.

11.4.2 Standard deviation of average

11.4.3 If filling strength loss is deter-

mined, report average and standard devi-

ation of percent loss in tensile strength

for filling.

11.5 Describe any modification(s) of

the published standard.

12. Precision and Bias

12.1 Precision. Precision for this test

method has not been established. Until a

precision statement is generated for this

test method, use standard statistical tech-

niques in making any comparisons of test

results for either within-laboratory or be-

tween-laboratory averages.

12.2 Bias. The retained chlorine as de-

termined by tensile loss-single sample

method can be defined only in terms of a

test method. There is no independent

method for determining the true value.

As a means of estimating this property,

the method has no known bias.

13. Notes

13.1 Where it is suspected that either fabric

or finish is susceptible to damage on heating,

this susceptibility can be determined by run-

ning a distilled water control. That is, the fab-

ric is run through the entire procedure, but

using distilled water in place of the hypochlo-

rite solution. The loss in strength due to heat

alone is calculated by the equation:

(Tw – Tws)/Tw × 100 =

% tensile strength loss due to scorching alone.

where:

Tw = average tensile strength of the

water-treated specimens, unscorched,

and

Tws = average tensile strength of the water-

treated specimens, scorched.

If this loss is appreciable, there is some ques-

tion as to whether the chlorine damage test is

applicable. It is usually not necessary to deter-

mine the effect of wet chlorination on the fab-

ric, as this factor is canceled out in the

calculation for chlorine damage. However,

where it is desirable to determine the effect of

the wet chlorination step, this may be calcu-

lated as follows:

(Tw – Twc)/Tw × 100 =

% tensile strength loss due to wet chlorination.

where:

Tw = average tensile strength of the wa-

ter-treated specimens, unscorched

(handled as above), and

Tc = average tensile strength of the orig-

inal fabric chlorinated and un-

scorched.

13.2 For potential equipment information

pertaining to this test method, please visit the

online AATCC Buyer’s Guide at www.

aatcc.org/bg. AATCC provides the possibility

of listing equipment and materials sold by its

Corporate members, but AATCC does not

qualify, or in any way approve, endorse, or

certify that any of the listed equipment or

materials meets the requirements in its test

methods.

13.3 Available from ASTM International,

100 Barr Harbor Dr., W. Conshohocken PA

19428, USA; +1.610.832.9500; www.astm.org.

13.4 Any standard laboratory pH meter

having suitable provision for high pH readings

may be used. Colorimetric methods cannot be

used with NaOCl.

13.5 A pair of electrically heated hot plates

whose temperature is accurately controlled

and which can be adjusted to provide a pres-

sure on the specimen of 8.8 g/cm2. To obtain

the specified pressure of 8.8 g/cm2 the four (4)

spring-loaded pins must contact the upper

housing so that they counterbalance the proper

proportion of the weight of the upper housing

to provide the specified pressure on the test

specimen. Other similar devices providing iden-

tical test conditions and results may be used.

13.6 There is reason to believe that the pH

of the prewetting and rinsing solutions may in-

fluence the results obtained in this test

method. However, in view of the widespread

variation of pH in commercial practice,

AATCC has not fixed a specific value for the

test procedure.

14. History

14.1 Revised in 2024 to align section head-

ings with the AATCC style guidelines and to

correct History order.

14.2 Revised 2019; editorially revised 2016;

reaffirmed 2013; editorially revised 2010; re-

affirmed 2009; editorially revised 2008; edito-

rially revised and reaffirmed 2004; reaffirmed

1999 editorially revised and reaffirmed 1994;

editorially revised 1992; reaffirmed 1989; edi-

torially revised 1988; editorially revised and

reaffirmed 1985; reaffirmed 1980; reaffirmed

1977; editorially revised 1974; reaffirmed 1971,

1967, 1962.

14.3 Developed in 1958 by AATCC Com-

mittee RR35. Maintained by RA99.

Fig. 2—Specimen on heating plate.

Provided by Accuris under license with AATCC

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from Accuris Not for Resale, 2025-04-14 18:24:10 UTC

Sold to: Nawal Analytical Labs India Private limited

Order Number: 00015024

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标签： #拉伸 #试验方法

摘要：

AATCC TM92-2024 是美国纺织化学师与染色师协会发布的最新标准，专门用于测试残留氯对纺织品单一样品拉伸强度造成的损失程度。该标准通过模拟织物在漂白、洗涤或工业水处理过程中接触残留氯的环境，评估氯气或氯化合物对纤维材料的降解影响，从而量化其力学性能的下降情况。本测试方法适用于棉、麻、粘胶等天然或再生纤维素纤维织物，通常用于质量检测、面料开发以及耐久性评定领域。标准规范了样品制备、氯处理、中和、烘干及拉伸测试的具体流程，确保结果具有可比性和重复性。对于纺织企业而言，掌握 AATCC TM

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AATCC TM92-2024 残留氯对单样品拉伸强度损失的测试方法

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