SAE AIR 4253B-2018

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AEROSPACE
INFORMATION REPORT
AIR4253™
REV. B
Issued 1989-04
Revised 2012-08
Reaffirmed 2018-07
Superseding AIR4253A
(R) Description of Actuation Systems for Aircraft With
Fly-By-Wire Flight Control Systems
RATIONALE
The purpose of revision B of this document is to expand its scope to add descriptions of the flight control actuation
systems for additional aircraft developed recently. Those new aircraft are the A380, Eurofighter, BA609 Tiltrotor and
A400M.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. SCOPE .......................................................................................................................................................... 6
2. REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................................. 6
3. ACTUATION SYSTEM DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................................ 7
3.1 Summary of Characteristics .......................................................................................................................... 7
3.2 NASA F-8 DFBW Secondary Actuators ...................................................................................................... 37
3.2.1 Phase I Servoactuator Configuration .......................................................................................................... 37
3.2.2 Phase I Servoactuator Redundancy Management ..................................................................................... 37
3.2.3 Phase II Servoactuator Configuration ......................................................................................................... 40
3.2.4 Phase II Servoactuator Redundancy Management .................................................................................... 40
3.3 F-4 SFCS Secondary Actuators .................................................................................................................. 43
3.3.1 Secondary Actuator Configuration .............................................................................................................. 43
3.3.2 Secondary Actuator Redundancy Management ......................................................................................... 43
3.4 YF-16 Command Servoactuator ................................................................................................................. 46
3.4.1 F-111 SAS Servoactuator Configuration .................................................................................................... 46
3.4.2 Failure Monitoring ....................................................................................................................................... 46
3.5 F-16 Actuators ............................................................................................................................................. 50
3.5.1 Electrical Failure Monitoring ........................................................................................................................ 50
3.5.2 Hydromechanical Failure Monitoring .......................................................................................................... 50
3.5.3 Leading Edge Flap Actuation System ......................................................................................................... 53
3.6 F/A-18 A/B/C/D Actuators ........................................................................................................................... 53
3.6.1 Aileron Actuator Configuration .................................................................................................................... 53
3.6.2 Rudder Actuator Configuration ................................................................................................................... 53
3.6.3 Leading Edge Flap Actuation System ......................................................................................................... 53
3.6.4 Aileron and Rudder Actuator Servo Loop Electronics and Redundancy Management .............................. 56
3.6.5 Leading Edge Flap Actuation System Redundancy Management ............................................................. 56
3.6.6 Stabilator Actuator Configuration ................................................................................................................ 56
3.6.7 Trailing Edge Flap Actuator ........................................................................................................................ 59
3.6.8 Quadruplex Actuator Servo Loop Electronic and Redundancy Management ............................................ 59
3.7 F-15 S/MTD Actuators ................................................................................................................................ 62
3.7.1 Canard/Stabilator Actuator Configurations ................................................................................................. 62
Downloaded from SAE International by Univ of Toronto, Tuesday, November 30, 2021
3.7.2 Aileron/Flaperon Actuator Configurations ................................................................................................... 62
3.7.3 Rudder Actuator Configuration ................................................................................................................... 62
3.7.4 Servo Loop Electronics and Redundancy Management ............................................................................ 62
3.8 Tornado Actuators ...................................................................................................................................... 62
3.8.1 Taileron Actuator Configuration .................................................................................................................. 66
3.8.2 Taileron Actuator Redundancy Management ............................................................................................. 66
3.8.3 Rudder Actuator Configuration ................................................................................................................... 71
3.8.4 Spoiler Actuator Configuration .................................................................................................................... 71
3.9 Space Shuttle Actuators ............................................................................................................................. 71
3.9.1 Thrust Vector Actuator Configurations ........................................................................................................ 74
3.9.2 TVC Servo Loop Redundancy Management .............................................................................................. 74
3.9.3 Orbitor Flight Surface Actuators Redundancy Concepts ............................................................................ 74
3.9.4 Orbitor Elevon Actuator Configuration ........................................................................................................ 74
3.9.5 Orbitor Rudder/Speed Brake Actuation System Configuration................................................................... 74
3.9.6 Orbitor Servo Loop Redundancy Management .......................................................................................... 74
3.10 LAVI Actuators ............................................................................................................................................ 81
3.10.1 Actuator Configuration ................................................................................................................................ 81
3.10.2 Architecture and Redundancy Management .............................................................................................. 81
3.10.3 Fail-Safe Mode ............................................................................................................................................ 81
3.10.4 Performance ................................................................................................................................................ 83
3.11 JAS-39 Actuators ........................................................................................................................................ 83
3.11.1 Canard Actuator Configuration ................................................................................................................... 83
3.11.2 Inboard Elevon Configuration ..................................................................................................................... 83
3.11.3 Rudder Configuration .................................................................................................................................. 83
3.11.4 Outboard Elevon Configuration ................................................................................................................... 83
3.11.5 Primary Actuator Servo Loop Electronics and Redundancy Management ................................................ 85
3.12 V-22 Flight Control Actuators ...................................................................................................................... 85
3.12.1 Swashplate Actuator Configuration ............................................................................................................ 85
3.12.2 Flaperon Actuator Configuration ................................................................................................................. 89
3.12.3 Elevator Actuator Configuration .................................................................................................................. 89
3.12.4 Rudder Actuator Configuration ................................................................................................................... 89
3.12.5 V-22 Conversion Actuator Configuration .................................................................................................... 91
3.13 Saab 2000 Actuators .................................................................................................................................. 91
3.13.1 Rudder Actuator .......................................................................................................................................... 91
3.13.2 Elevator Actuator ......................................................................................................................................... 91
3.14 IDF Actuators .............................................................................................................................................. 95
3.14.1 Primary Flight Control Actuator Configuration ............................................................................................ 95
3.14.2 Primary Actuator Servoloop Electronics and Redundancy Management ................................................... 95
3.14.3 Leading Edge Flap Actuation System ......................................................................................................... 95
3.15 B-2 Actuators .............................................................................................................................................. 97
3.15.1 Actuator Construction ................................................................................................................................. 97
3.15.2 Actuation System Interfaces ....................................................................................................................... 97
3.15.3 Actuator Control Loops ............................................................................................................................... 97
3.15.4 Actuator Redundancy Management ......................................................................................................... 101
3.16 C-17 Actuators .......................................................................................................................................... 101
3.16.1 Primary Flight Control Actuator Configuration .......................................................................................... 102
3.16.2 Primary Flight Control Actuator Redundancy Management ..................................................................... 103
3.16.3 Spoiler Actuator Configuration .................................................................................................................. 104
3.16.4 Spoiler Actuator Failure Management ...................................................................................................... 104
3.16.5 Flap Actuator Configuration ...................................................................................................................... 105
3.16.6 Flap Actuator Redundancy Management ................................................................................................. 105
3.16.7 Slat Actuation System Configuration ........................................................................................................ 105
3.16.8 Slat Actuation Redundancy Management ................................................................................................ 107
3.16.9 C-17 Pitch Trim Actuator Configuration .................................................................................................... 107
3.16.10 Pitch Trim Actuator Redundancy Management ........................................................................................ 107
3.17 X-31A Actuators ........................................................................................................................................ 109
3.17.1 Redundant X-31A Actuators ..................................................................................................................... 109
3.17.2 Simplex Actuators ..................................................................................................................................... 113
3.18 Boeing 777 Actuators ................................................................................................................................ 117
SAE INTERNATIONAL
AIR4253™B
Downloaded from SAE International by Univ of Toronto, Tuesday, November 30, 2021
3.18.1 Actuator Modes of Operation .................................................................................................................... 117
3.18.2 777 Power Control Units ........................................................................................................................... 119
3.19 X-29A Actuators ........................................................................................................................................ 119
3.19.1 Strake Actuator ......................................................................................................................................... 119
3.20 Airbus A320/330/340 Actuators ................................................................................................................ 123
3.20.1 Servoactuator Operating Modes and System Reconfigurations .............................................................. 123
3.20.2 Airbus Servoactuator Description ............................................................................................................. 125
3.21 F-117 Actuators ......................................................................................................................................... 125
3.22 N-250 Flight Control Actuation System ..................................................................................................... 125
3.22.1 Aileron Actuators ....................................................................................................................................... 125
3.22.2 Elevator Actuators ..................................................................................................................................... 129
3.22.3 Rudder Actuators ...................................................................................................................................... 129
3.22.4 Spoiler Actuators ....................................................................................................................................... 132
3.23 Airbus A380 Flight Control Actuation System ........................................................................................... 132
3.23.1 System Lay-Out ........................................................................................................................................ 132
3.23.2 Aileron Actuation ....................................................................................................................................... 133
3.23.3 Rudder Actuation ...................................................................................................................................... 133
3.23.4 Elevator Actuation ..................................................................................................................................... 133
3.23.5 Spoiler Actuation ....................................................................................................................................... 134
3.24 BA609 Tilt Rotor Flight Control Actuation System .................................................................................... 141
3.24.1 Collective Actuator Configuration.............................................................................................................. 142
3.24.2 Longitudinal Actuator Configuration .......................................................................................................... 143
3.24.3 Flaperon Actuator Configuration ............................................................................................................... 144
3.24.4 Elevator Actuator Configuration ................................................................................................................ 145
3.24.5 Conversion System Configuration ............................................................................................................ 145
3.25 Eurofighter Flight Control Actuation System ............................................................................................. 149
3.25.1 Actuator Layout ......................................................................................................................................... 149
3.25.2 Actuator Control Loops ............................................................................................................................. 150
3.26 A400M Flight Control Actuation System ................................................................................................... 152
3.26.1 System Layout .......................................................................................................................................... 152
3.26.2 Aileron Actuation ....................................................................................................................................... 153
3.26.3 Rudder Actuation ...................................................................................................................................... 155
3.26.4 Elevator Actuation ..................................................................................................................................... 156
3.26.5 Spoiler Actuation ....................................................................................................................................... 157
4. NOTES ...................................................................................................................................................... 160
FIGURE 1 PHASE I HYDRAULIC SCHEMATIC QUAD REDUNDANT SECONDARY ACTUATOR ......................... 38
FIGURE 2 PHASE J SECONDARY SERVOACTUATOR CROSS-SECTION ............................................................ 39
FIGURE 3 PHASE II HYDRAULIC SCHEMATIC TRIPLEX REDUNDANT SECONDARY SERVOACTUATOR ....... 41
FIGURE 4 PHASE II SECONDARY SERVOACTUATOR CROSS-SECTION ............................................................ 42
FIGURE 5 MECHANICAL SCHEMATIC, SECONDARY ACTUATOR ........................................................................ 44
FIGURE 6 HYDRAULIC SCHEMATIC, SINGLE ACTUATOR ELEMENT ................................................................... 45
FIGURE 7 ELECTRICAL INTERFACE WITH YF-16 FLAPERON AND RUDDER SURFACE ACTUATION ............. 47
FIGURE 8 YF-16 HORIZONTAL TAIL SURFACE ACTUATION CROSSOVER LINKAGE ........................................ 48
FIGURE 9 F-111 SAS SERVOACTUATOR SCHEMATIC ........................................................................................... 49
FIGURE 10 F-16 PRIMARY CONTROL SERVOACTUATOR ....................................................................................... 51
FIGURE 11 ELECTRICAL INTERFACE WITH F-16 ISA FOR FIRST ELECTRICAL FAILURE CORRECTION .......... 52
FIGURE 12 F/A-18 A/B/C/D AILERON ACTUATOR SCHEMATIC ............................................................................... 54
FIGURE 13 F/A-18 A/B/C/D LEADING EDGE FLAP DRIVE SYSTEM ......................................................................... 55
FIGURE 14 F/A-18 A/B/C/D AILERON ACTUATOR MONITORS ................................................................................. 57
FIGURE 15 F/A-18 A/B/C/D STABILATOR ACTUATOR SCHEMATIC ........................................................................ 58
FIGURE 16 F/A-18 A/B/C/D TRAILING EDGE FLAP ACTUATOR SCHEMATIC ......................................................... 60
FIGURE 17 F/A-18 A/B/C/D STABILATOR ACTUATOR MONITORS .......................................................................... 61
FIGURE 18 F-15 S/MTD STABILATOR/CANARD SERVOACTUATOR ....................................................................... 63
FIGURE 19 F-15 S/MTD AILERON/FLAPERON SERVOACTUATOR ......................................................................... 64
FIGURE 20 F-15 S/MTD RUDDER SERVOACTUATOR .............................................................................................. 65
FIGURE 21 TORNADO CONTROL SYSTEM REDUNDANCY ..................................................................................... 67
FIGURE 22 TORNADO TAILERON ACTUATOR .......................................................................................................... 68
SAE INTERNATIONAL
AIR4253™B
Downloaded from SAE International by Univ of Toronto, Tuesday, November 30, 2021
摘要：

SAE AIR 4253B-2018 是国际自动机工程师学会（SAE International）发布的航空航天标准规范，全称为《航空航天布线系统设计指南》。该文档为飞机及航天器电气布线系统的设计、安装与维护提供了全面的技术指导，涵盖线缆选型、屏蔽、接地、线束保护、电磁兼容性及安全裕度等关键要求。相较于上一版本，AIR 4253B 更新了材料规范，并引入了更严格的抗环境干扰与防火性能标准，适用于航空器制造商、维修单位及设计工程师参考使用。该标准旨在提升布线系统的可靠性与耐久性，降低故障风险，确保

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作者：Carl 分类：国外协会 价格：20星币 属性：160 页 大小：5.34MB 格式：PDF 时间：2024-09-07

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