ASTM A426 - A 426M - 18

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Designation: A426/A426M −18
Standard Speciﬁcation for
Centrifugally Cast Ferritic Alloy Steel Pipe for High-
Temperature Service
1
This standard is issued under the ﬁxed designation A426/A426M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This speciﬁcation
2
covers centrifugally cast alloy steel
pipe intended for use in high-temperature, high-pressure ser-
vice.
1.2 Several grades of ferritic steels are covered. Their
compositions are given in Table 1.
1.3 Supplementary Requirements S1 through S12 are
provided. The supplementary requirements provide for addi-
tional tests of an optional nature and, when desired, shall be so
stated in the order (Section 4).
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
with the standard.
1.4.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
A370 Test Methods and Deﬁnitions for Mechanical Testing
of Steel Products
A609/A609M Practice for Castings, Carbon, Low-Alloy,
and Martensitic Stainless Steel, Ultrasonic Examination
Thereof
A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related
Alloys, and Ferroalloys
A999/A999M Speciﬁcation for General Requirements for
Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
E94/E94M Guide for Radiographic Examination Using In-
dustrial Radiographic Film
E165/E165M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for
General Industry
E186 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (2 to 4
1
⁄
2
in.
(50.8 to 114 mm)) Steel Castings
E208 Test Method for Conducting Drop-Weight Test to
Determine Nil-Ductility Transition Temperature of Fer-
ritic Steels
E280 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (4
1
⁄
2
to 12
in. (114 to 305 mm)) Steel Castings
E446 Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in.
(50.8 mm) in Thickness
E709 Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing
2.2 ANSI Standard:
4
B46.1 Surface Texture
2.3 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:
5
Section IX Welding and Brazing Qualiﬁcations
1
This speciﬁcation is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.18 on Castings.
Current edition approved May 1, 2018. Published May 2018. Originally
approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as A426/A426M – 13.
DOI: 10.1520/A0426_A0426M-18.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Speciﬁ-
cation SA-426 in Section II of that Code.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
4
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
5
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
www.asme.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
 

3. Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for material under this speciﬁcation shall include
the following, as required, to describe the desired material
adequately:
3.1.1 Quantity (feet, centimetres, or number of lengths),
3.1.2 Name of material (centrifugally cast pipe),
3.1.3 Speciﬁcation number,
3.1.4 Grade (Table 1),
3.1.5 Size (outside or inside diameter and minimum wall
thickness),
3.1.6 Length (speciﬁc or random) (section on Permissible
Variations in Length of Speciﬁcation A999/A999M),
3.1.7 End ﬁnish (section on Ends of Speciﬁcation A999/
A999M),
3.1.8 Optional Requirements S1 through S12 and 14.1,
3.1.9 Test report required (section on Certiﬁed Test Report
of Speciﬁcation A999/A999M),
3.1.10 Service temperature if over 1000 °F [540 °C] (Note
1), and
3.1.11 Special requirements or additions to speciﬁcation.
4. General Requirements for Delivery
4.1 Material furnished under this speciﬁcation shall con-
form to the applicable requirements of the current edition of
Speciﬁcation A999/A999M unless otherwise provided herein.
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 Heat Treatment—The pipe shall be furnished in the
austenitized and tempered condition (Note 1) according to the
requirements of Table 2.
5.1.1 Heat treatment shall be performed after the pipe has
been allowed to cool below the transformation range. Deﬁni-
tion of heat treatment terms shall be as given in Terminology
A941.
NOTE 1—It is recommended that the temperature for tempering should
be at least 100 °F [55 °C] above the intended service temperature. The
purchaser shall advise the manufacturer of the service temperature when
it is over 1000 °F [540 °C]. (See 3.1.10.)
5.2 Machining—The pipe shall be machined on the inner
and outer surfaces to a roughness value no greater than
250 µ in. [6.35 µm] arithmetical average deviation (AA) from
the mean line unless otherwise speciﬁed as in ANSI B46.1.
TABLE 1 Composition Requirements
A,B
Element, %
Grade UNS
Number Carbon Manganese Phosphorus Sulfur Silicon Chromium Molybdenum
CP1 J12521 0.25 0.30–0.80 0.030 0.025 0.10–0.50 ... 0.44–0.65
CP2 J11547 0.10–0.20 0.30–0.61 0.030 0.025 0.10–0.50 0.50–0.81 0.44–0.65
CP5 J42045 0.20 0.30–0.70 0.030 0.025 0.75 4.00–6.50 0.45–0.65
CP5b J51545 0.15 0.30–0.60 0.030 0.025 1.00–2.00 4.00–6.00 0.45–0.65
CP9 J82090 0.20 0.30–0.65 0.030 0.025 0.25–1.00 8.00–10.00 0.90–1.20
CP11 J12072 0.05–0.20 0.30–0.80 0.030 0.025 0.60 1.00–1.50 0.44–0.65
CP12 J11562 0.05–0.15 0.30–0.61 0.030 0.025 0.50 0.80–1.25 0.44–0.65
CP15 J11522 0.15 0.30–0.60 0.030 0.025 1.15–1.65 ... 0.44–0.65
CP21 J31545 0.05–0.15 0.30–0.60 0.030 0.025 0.50 2.65–3.35 0.80–1.06
CP22 J21890 0.05–0.15 0.30–0.70 0.030 0.025 0.60 2.00–2.75 0.90–1.20
CPCA15 J91150 0.15 1.00 0.030 0.025 1.50 11.5–14.0 0.50
A
Where ellipses appear in this table, there is no requirement, and the element need not be analyzed or reported.
B
All values are maximums unless a range is provided.
TABLE 2 Heat Treatment Requirements
Grade Austenitizing
Treatment
Tempering
Temperature,
min, unless
a range is
shown,
°F [°C]
CP1 Normalized
or Liquid
Quenched
1100 [595]
CP2 Normalized
or Liquid
Quenched
1100 [595]
CP5 Normalized
or Liquid
Quenched
1250 [675]
CP5b Normalized
or Liquid
Quenched
1250 [675]
CP9 Normalized
or Liquid
Quenched
1250 [675]
CP11 Normalized
or Liquid
Quenched
1100 [595]
CP12 Normalized
or Liquid
Quenched
1100 [595]
CP15 Normalized
or Liquid
Quenched
1100 [595]
CP21 Normalized
or Liquid
Quenched
1250 [675]
CP22 Normalized
or Liquid
Quenched
1250 [675]
CPCA15 Normalized
or Liquid
Quenched
1250 [675]
A426/A426M − 18
2
 

6. Chemical Composition

6.1 Heat Analysis—An analysis of each heat shall be made

by the manufacturer to determine the percentages of elements

speciﬁed in Table 1. The analysis shall be made on a test

sample taken preferably during the pouring of the heat. The

chemical composition thus determined shall conform to the

requirements speciﬁed in Table 1.

6.2 Product Analysis—A product analysis may be made by

the purchaser. The sample for analysis shall be selected so as to

be representative of the pipe being analyzed. The chemical

composition thus determined shall conform to the requirements

of Table 1.

7. Tensile and Hardness Requirements

7.1 Steel used for the castings shall conform to the tensile

and hardness requirements speciﬁed in Table 3.

8. Permissible Variations in Dimensions

8.1 Thickness—The wall thickness shall not vary over that

speciﬁed by more than

⁄

in. [3 mm]. There shall be no

variation under the speciﬁed wall thickness.

9. Number of Tests

9.1 One tension and one hardness test shall be made from

each heat.

9.2 If a specimen is machined improperly or if ﬂaws are

revealed by machining or during testing, the specimen may be

discarded and another substituted from the same heat.

10. Retests

10.1 If the results of the mechanical tests for any heat do not

conform to the requirements speciﬁed, the castings may be

reheat treated and retested, but may not be re-austenitized more

than twice.

11. Test Specimens

11.1 Test coupons from which tension test specimens are

prepared shall be removed from heat-treated casting prolonga-

tions.

11.2 When agreed upon between the manufacturer and the

purchaser, test coupons from which test specimens are pre-

pared shall be cast attached to separate blocks from the same

heat as the casting represented. The test blocks shall be heat

treated in the same manner as the casting represented.

11.3 Tension test specimens shall be machined to the form

and dimensions of the standard round 2-in. [50-mm] gage

length specimens shown in Fig. 6 of Test Methods and

Deﬁnitions A370.

12. Hydrostatic Test

12.1 Each length of pipe shall be hydrostatically tested in

accordance with Speciﬁcation A999/A999M.

12.2 When agreed to between the manufacturer and the

purchaser and so stated in the order, the hydrostatic test may be

deferred and shall be performed later by the purchaser. Pipe

furnished without the hydrostatic test shall include with the

mandatory marking the letters “NH.” The manufacturer is

responsible for the satisfactory performance of the casting

when it is tested.

12.3 When certiﬁcation is required by the purchaser and the

hydrostatic test has been omitted, the certiﬁcation shall clearly

state “not hydrostatically tested.” The speciﬁcation number and

material grade shown on the certiﬁcation shall be followed by

the letters “NH.”

13. Visual Inspection

13.1 The surface of the casting shall be free from cracks and

hot tears as determined by visual examination. Other surface

imperfections shall be judged in accordance with visual accep-

tance criteria which may be speciﬁed in the order.

14. Rework and Retreatment

14.1 Defects as deﬁned in Section 13 shall be removed and

their removal veriﬁed by visual inspection of the resultant

cavities. Defects that are located by inspecting with Supple-

mentary Requirement S6, S7, S8, or S9 shall be removed or

reduced to an acceptable size.

14.2 If removal of the defect does not infringe upon the

minimum wall thickness, the depression may be blended

uniformly into the surrounding surface.

14.3 If the cavity resulting from defect removal infringes

upon the minimum wall thickness, weld repair is permitted

subject to the purchaser’s approval. The composition of the

weld rod used shall be suitable for the composition of the metal

being welded.

14.3.1 Only welders and procedures qualiﬁed in accordance

with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX, shall

be used. All repair welds will be inspected to the same quality

standards used to inspect the casting.

14.4 Local or full heat treatment in accordance with tem-

pering temperatures speciﬁed in 5.1 shall follow welding.

TABLE 3 Tensile Properties and Hardness Requirements

Tensile strength, min: psi [MPa]

Grade CP1 65 000 [450]

Grades CP11, CP22 70 000 [485]

Grades CP5, CP9, CPCA15 90 000 [620]

All other grades 60 000 [415]

Yield strength, min: psi [MPa]

Grade CP1 35 000 [240]

Grades CP11, CP22 40 000 [275]

Grades CP5, CP9 60 000 [415]

Grade CPCA15 65 000 [450]

All other grades 30 000 [205]

Elongation, min: %

Grade CP1 24

Grades CP11, CP22 20

Grades CP5, CP9, CPCA15 18

All other grades 22

Reduction of area, min: %

Grades CP1, CP2, CP11, CP12, CP15,

CP21, CP22, CP5, CP5b, CP7, CP9

Grade CPCA15 30

Hardness: HBW

Grades CP5, CP5b, CP9, CPCA15, max 225

All other grades, max 201

Elongation is 2 in. [50 mm] using a standard round specimen, in either the

transverse or longitudinal direction.

A426/A426M − 18

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摘要：

ASTM A426 - A 426M - 18 是ASTM国际标准组织发布的关于铁素体不锈钢离心铸造管件的标准规范，涵盖化学成分、力学性能、热处理要求及检测方法。该标准适用于高温高压工况下的管道系统，确保材料在耐腐蚀、抗氧化及高温强度方面满足工业需求，广泛应用于石油化工、电力及锅炉制造领域。遵循此规范可提升管件制造的可靠性与安全性，为工程设计提供依据。

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