ASTM A789 - A 789M - 24 普通设备用无缝与焊接铁素体/奥氏体不锈钢管

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Designation: A789/A789M −24
Standard Speciﬁcation for
Seamless and Welded Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel
Tubing for General Service
1
This standard is issued under the ﬁxed designation A789/A789M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This speciﬁcation
2
covers grades of average wall
thickness, or, if speciﬁed on the order, minimum wall
thickness, of stainless steel tubing for services requiring
general corrosion resistance, with particular emphasis on
resistance to stress corrosion cracking. These steels are suscep-
tible to embrittlement if used for prolonged periods at elevated
temperatures.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
with the standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in
brackets. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the M
designation of this speciﬁcation is speciﬁed in the order.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
A480/A480M Speciﬁcation for General Requirements for
Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate,
Sheet, and Strip
A1016/A1016M Speciﬁcation for General Requirements for
Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and Stainless
Steel Tubes
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
Uniﬁed Numbering System (UNS)
2.2 SAE Standard:
4
SAE J 1086 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys
(UNS)
3. Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for product under this speciﬁcation should in-
clude the following, as required, to describe the desired
material adequately:
3.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
3.1.2 Name of product (seamless or welded tubes),
3.1.3 Grade (see Table 1),
3.1.4 Size (outside diameter and average wall thickness,
unless minimum wall thickness is speciﬁed),
3.1.5 Length (speciﬁc or random),
3.1.6 Optional requirements (for product analysis, see Sec-
tion 8; for hydrostatic or nondestructive electric test, see
Section 10),
3.1.7 Test report required (see the Inspection section of
Speciﬁcation A1016/A1016M),
3.1.8 Speciﬁcation designation, and
3.1.9 Special requirements.
4. General Requirements
4.1 Product furnished under this speciﬁcation shall conform
to the applicable requirements of Speciﬁcation A1016/
A1016M, unless otherwise provided herein.
5. Manufacture
5.1 The tubes shall be made by the seamless or welded
process with no ﬁller metal added.
6. Heat Treatment
6.1 All tubes shall be furnished in the heat-treated condition
in accordance with the procedures shown in Table 2. For
seamless tubes, as an alternate to ﬁnal heat treatment in a
continuous furnace or batch-type furnace, immediately follow-
ing hot forming while the temperature of the tubes is not less
1
This speciﬁcation is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.
Current edition approved March 1, 2024. Published March 2024. Originally
approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2022 as A789/A789M – 22.
DOI: 10.1520/A0789_A0789M-24.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Speciﬁ-
cation SA–789 in Section II of that Code.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
4
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth
Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1

than the speciﬁed minimum solution treatment temperature,

tubes may be individually quenched in water or rapidly cooled

by other means.

7. Chemical Composition

7.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical requirements

prescribed in Table 1.

8. Product Analysis

8.1 An analysis of either one billet or one length of

ﬂat-rolled stock or one tube shall be made from each heat. The

chemical composition thus determined shall conform to the

requirements speciﬁed.

8.2 A product analysis tolerance (see the annex table on

Chemical Requirements (Product Analysis Tolerances) in

Speciﬁcation A480/A480M) shall apply. The product analysis

tolerance is not applicable to the carbon content for material

with a speciﬁed maximum carbon of 0.04 % or less.

8.3 If the original test for product analysis fails, retests of

two additional billets, lengths of ﬂat-rolled stock, or tubes shall

be made. Both retests for the elements in question shall meet

the requirements of this speciﬁcation; otherwise, all remaining

material in the heat shall be rejected or, at the option of the

producer, each billet or tube may be individually tested for

acceptance. Billets, lengths of ﬂat-rolled stock, or tubes that do

not meet the requirements of this speciﬁcation shall be re-

jected.

NOTE 1—For ﬂange and ﬂaring requirements, the term lot applies to all

tubes prior to cutting of the same nominal size and wall thickness that are

produced from the same heat of steel. When ﬁnal heat treatment is in a

batch-type furnace, a lot shall include only those tubes of the same size

and from the same heat that are heat treated in the same furnace charge.

When the ﬁnal heat treatment is in a continuous furnace, or when heat

treated condition is obtained directly by quenching after hot forming, the

number of tubes of the same size and from the same heat in a lot shall be

determined from the size of the tubes as prescribed in Table 3.

NOTE 2—For tension and hardness test requirements, the term lot

applies to all tubes prior to cutting, of the same nominal diameter and wall

thickness that are produced from the same heat of steel. When ﬁnal heat

treatment is in a batch-type furnace, a lot shall include only those tubes of

the same size and the same heat that are heat treated in the same furnace

charge. When the ﬁnal heat treatment is in a continuous furnace, or when

heat treated condition is obtained directly by quenching after hot forming,

a lot shall include all tubes of the same size and heat, heat treated in the

same furnace at the same temperature, time at heat, and furnace speed, or

all tubes of the same size and heat, hot formed and quenched in the same

production run.

9. Mechanical Tests Required

9.1 Tension Tests—One tension test shall be made on a

specimen for lots of not more than 50 tubes. Tension tests shall

be made on specimens from two tubes for lots of more than 50

tubes (see Note 2).

9.2 Flaring Test (for Seamless Tubes)—One test shall be

made on specimens from one end of one tube from each lot

(see Note 1) of ﬁnished tubes. The minimum expansion of the

inside diameter shall be 10 %.

TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements

UNS

Designation

C Mn P S Si Ni Cr Mo N Cu Others

S31200 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 5.5–6.5 24.0–26.0 1.20–2.00 0.14–0.20 . . . . . .

S31260 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.030 0.75 5.5–7.5 24.0–26.0 2.5–3.5 0.10–0.30 0.20–0.80 W 0.10–0.50

S31500 0.030 1.20–2.00 0.030 0.030 1.40–2.00 4.3–5.2 18.0–19.0 2.50–3.00 0.05–0.1 . . . . . .

S31803 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.00 4.5–6.5 21.0–23.0 2.5–3.5 0.08–0.20 . . . . . .

S32001 0.030 4.00–6.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 1.0–3.0 19.5–21.5 0.60 0.05–0.17 1.00 . . .

S32003 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.00 3.0-4.0 19.5-22.5 1.50-2.00 0.14-0.20 . . . . . .

S32101 0.040 4.0-6.0 0.040 0.030 1.00 1.35-1.70 21.0-22.0 0.10-0.80 0.20-0.25 0.10-0.80 . . .

S32202 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.010 1.00 1.00–2.80 21.5–24.0 0.45 0.18–0.26 . . . . . .

S32205 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.00 4.5–6.5 22.0–23.0 3.0–3.5 0.14–0.20 . . . . . .

S32304 0.030 2.50 0.040 0.040 1.00 3.0–5.5 21.5–24.5 0.05–0.60 0.05–0.20 0.05–0.60 . . .

S32506 0.030 1.00 0.040 0.015 0.90 5.5–7.2 24.0–26.0 3.0–3.5 0.08–0.20 . . . W 0.05–0.30

S32520 0.030 1.50 0.035 0.020 0.80 5.5–8.0 23.0–25.0 3.–5. 0.20–0.35 0.50–3.00 . . .

S32550 0.04 1.50 0.040 0.030 1.00 4.5–6.5 24.0–27.0 2.9–3.9 0.10–0.25 1.50–2.50 . . .

S32707 0.030 1.50 0.035 0.010 0.50 5.5–9.5 26.0–29.0 4.0–5.0 0.30–0.50 1.0 max Co 0.5–2.0

S32750

0.030 1.20 0.035 0.020 0.80 6.0–8.0 24.0–26.0 3.0–5.0 0.24–0.32 0.50 . . .

S32760

0.030 1.00 0.030 0.010 1.00 6.0–8.0 24.0–26.0 3.0–4.0 0.20–0.30 0.50–1.00 W 0.50–1.00

S32808 0.030 1.10 0.030 0.010 0.50 7.0–8.2 27.0–27.9 0.80–1.20 0.30–0.40 . . . W 2.10–2.50

S32900 0.08 1.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 2.5–5.0 23.0–28.0 1.00–2.00 . . . . . . . . .

S32906 0.030 0.80–1.50 0.030 0.030 0.80 5.8–7.5 28.0 –30.0 1.50–2.60 0.30–0.40 0.80 . . .

S32950 0.030 2.00 0.035 0.010 0.60 3.5–5.2 26.0–29.0 1.00–2.50 0.15–0.35 . . . . . .

S33207 0.030 1.50 0.035 0.010 0.80 6.0–9.0 29.0–33.0 3.0–5.0 0.40–0.60 1.0 . . .

S39274 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.020 0.80 6.0–8.0 24.0–26.0 2.5–3.5 0.24–0.32 0.20–0.80 W 1.50–2.50

S39277 0.025 0.80 0.025 0.002 0.80 6.5–8.0 24.0–26.0 3.00–4.00 0.23–0.33 1.20–2.00 W 0.80–1.21

S82011 0.030 2.0–3.0 0.040 0.020 1.00 1.00–2.00 20.5–23.5 0.10–1.00 0.15–0.27 0.50 . . .

S82031 0.05 2.50 0.040 0.005 0.80 2.0–4.0 19.0–22.0 0.60–1.40 0.14–0.24 1.00 . . .

S82441 0.030 2.50–4.00 0.035 0.005 0.70 3.0–4.5 23.0–25.0 1.00–2.00 0.20–0.30 0.10–0.80 . . .

S83071 0.030 0.50–1.50 0.030 0.020 0.50 6.0–8.0 29.0–31.0 3.0–4.0 0.28–0.40 0.80 . . .

S83072 0.030 0.50–1.50 0.030 0.030 0.30 6.0–8.0 28.5–30.5 0.7–1.7 0.35–0.45 0.5 W 3.0–4.0

Maximum, unless a range or minimum is indicated. Where ellipses (...) appear in this table, there is no minimum and analysis for the element need not be determined

or reported.

Designation established in accordance with Practice E527 and SAE J1086.

%Cr+3.3×%Mo+16×%N$41.

%Cr+3.3×(%Mo+1/2%W)+16×%N$41.

A789/A789M − 24

9.3 Flange Test (for Welded Tubes)—One test shall be made

on specimens from one end of one tube from each lot (see Note

1) of ﬁnished tubes.

9.4 Hardness Test:

9.4.1 Brinell or Rockwell hardness tests shall be made on

specimens from two tubes from each lot (see Note 2).

9.4.2 For tubing less than 0.354 in. [9.00 mm] in inside

diameter and for tubing less than 0.065 in. [1.65 mm] in wall

thickness, it is permissible to use the Vickers hardness test in

lieu of the Brinell or Rockwell methods.

9.5 When more than one heat is involved, the tension,

ﬂaring, ﬂanging, and hardness test requirements shall apply to

each heat.

9.6 Reverse Flattening Test—For welded tubes, one reverse

ﬂattening test shall be made on a specimen from each 1500 ft

[450 m] of ﬁnished tubing.

10. Hydrostatic or Nondestructive Electric Test

10.1 Each tube shall be subjected to the nondestructive

electric test or the hydrostatic test. The type of test to be used

shall be at the option of the manufacturer, unless otherwise

speciﬁed in the purchase order.

10.2 The hydrostatic test shall be in accordance with Speci-

ﬁcation A1016/A1016M, except that in the calculation of the

hydrostatic test pressure 64000(441.2) shall be substituted for

32000(220.6).

11. Tensile and Hardness Properties

11.1 The material shall conform to the tensile and hardness

properties prescribed in Table 4.

TABLE 2 Heat Treatment

UNS Designation Temperature °F [°C] Quench

S31200 1920–2010

[1050–1100]

rapid cooling in water

S31260 1870–2010

[1020–1100]

rapid cooling in water

or by other means

S31500 1800–1900

[980–1040]

rapid cooling in water

or by other means

S31803 1870–2010

[1020–1100]

rapid cooling in water

or by other means

S32001 1800–1950

[982–1066]

rapid cooling in water

or by other means

S32003 1850–2050

[1010–1120]

rapid cooling in water

or by other means

S32101 1870 [1020] min rapid cooling in water

or by other means

S32202 1870–1975

[1020–1080]

rapid cooling in water

or by other means

S32205 1870–2010

[1020–1100]

rapid cooling in water

or by other means

S32304 1700–1920

[925–1050]

rapid cooling in water

or by other means

S32506 1870–2050

[1020–1120]

rapid cooling in water

or by other means

S32520 1975–2050

[1080–1120]

rapid cooling in water

or by other means

S32550 1900

[1040] min

rapid cooling in water

or by other means

S32707 1975–2050

[1080–1120]

rapid cooling in water

or by other means

S32750 1880–2060

[1025–1125]

rapid cooling in water

or by other means

S32760 1960–2085

[1070–1140]

rapid cooling in water

or by other means

S32808 1920–2100

[1050–1150]

rapid cooling in water

or by other means

S32900 1700–1750

[925–955]

rapid cooling in water

or by other means

S32906 1870–2100

[1020–1150]

rapid cooling in water

or by other means

S32950 1820–1880

[990–1025]

air cool

S33207 1905–2085

[1040–1140]

rapid cooling in water

or by other means

S39274 1920–2060

[1050–1125]

rapid cooling in water

or by other means

S39277 1975–2155

[1080–1180]

rapid cooling in water

or by other means

S82011 1850–2050

[1010–1120]

rapid cooling in water

or by other means

S82031 1830 [1000] min rapid cooling in water

or by other means

S82441 1830 [1000] min rapid cooling in water

or by other means

S83071 1830–2100

[1000–1150]

rapid cooling in water

or by other means

S83072 1830–2100

[1000–1150]

rapid cooling in water

or by other means

TABLE 3 Number of Tubes in a Lot Heat Treated by the

Continuous Process or by Direct Quench after Hot Forming

Size of Tube Size of Lot

2 in. [50.8 mm] and over in outside diameter

and 0.200 in. [5.1 mm] and over

in wall thickness

not more than 50 tubes

Less than 2 in. [50.8 mm] but over 1 in. [25.4

mm] in outside diameter or over 1 in.

[25.4 mm] in outside diameter and under

0.200 in. [5.1 mm] in wall thickness

not more than 75 tubes

1 in. [25.4 mm] or less in outside diameter not more than 125 tubes

A789/A789M − 24

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标签： #普通设备 #无缝与焊接 #铁素体

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ASTM A789/A789M-2024 Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General Service 普通设备用无缝与焊接铁素体/奥氏体不锈钢管

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