AD 2000-Merkblatt W 2 压力容器材料.奥氏体和奥氏体-铁素体钢 2023

VIP免费

那山那人那狗 2025-07-02 28 248.61KB 16 页 16星币

侵权投诉

AD 2000-Merkblatt

ICS 23.020.30 June 2023 edition

supersedes March 2022 edition; | = amendments to previous edition

AD 2000-Merkblätter are protected by copyright. The rights of use, particularly of any

translation, reproduction, extract of figures, transmission by

photomechanical means and storage in data retrieval systems, even of extracts, are reserved to the author. Beuth Verlag has taken all reasonable

measures to ensure the accuracy of this translation but regrets that no responsibility can be accepted for any error, omission or inaccuracy. In cases of

doubt or dispute, the latest edition of the German text only is valid.

Materials for

pressure vessels

Austenitic and

austenitic-ferritic steels

AD 2000-Merkblatt

W 2

The AD 2000-Merkblätter are prepared by the seven associations listed below who together form the “Arbeitsgemeinschaft Druckbehälter”

(AD). The structure and the application of the AD 2000 Code and the procedural guidelines are covered by AD 2000-Merkblatt G 1.

The AD 2000-Merkblätter contain safety requirements to be met under normal operating conditions. If above-normal loadings are to be

expected during the operation of the pressure vessel, this shall be taken into account by meeting special requirements.

If there are any divergences from the requirements of this AD 2000-Merkblatt, it shall be possible to prove that the standard of safety of this

Code has been maintained by other means, e.g. by materials testing, tests, stress analysis, operating experience.

Deutsche Gesetzliche Unfallversicherung (DGUV), Berlin

Stahlinstitut VDEh, Düsseldorf

TÜV-Verband e.V., Berlin

Verband der Chemischen Industrie e.V. (VCI), Frankfurt/Main

Verband Deutscher Maschinen- und Anlagenbau e.V. (VDMA),

Fachgemeinschaft Verfahrenstechnische Maschinen und Apparate, Frankfurt/Main

Verband für Anlagentechnik und IndustrieService e.V. (VAIS), Düsseldorf

vgbe energy e.V., Essen

The AD 2000-Merkblätter are continuously updated in line with technical progress.

Contents

Page

Foreword ....................................................................................................

Scope.........................................................................................................

Suitable materials ......................................................................................

Material requirements ................................................................................

Tests ..........................................................................................................

Marking ......................................................................................................

Verification of quality characteristics ..........................................................

Design characteristics ................................................................................

Normative references.................................................................................

Normen-Download-Beuth-Kabdwal Book International Plot No.179; D-42 Raigad..-KdNr.7042865-LfNr.10772607001-2023-09-01 12:11

AD 2000-Merkblatt

Page 2 AD 2000-Merkblatt W 2, 06.2023 edition

0 Foreword

The AD 2000 Code can be applied to satisfy the essential safety requirements of the Pressure Equipment Directive,

principally for the conformity assessment in accordance with modules “G” and “B (production type) + F”.

The AD 2000 Code is structured along the lines of a self-contained concept. If other technical rules are used in accordance

with the state of the art to solve related problems, it is assumed that the overall concept has been taken into account.

The AD 2000 Code can be used as appropriate for other modules of the Pressure Equipment Directive or for different sectors

of the law. Responsibility for testing is as specified in the provisions of the relevant sector of the law.

1 Scope

1.1 This AD 2000-Merkblatt applies to hot- and cold-rolled plate, sheet and strip, seamless and welded tubes, forged,

rolled and drawn bars and forgings made of austenitic and austenitic-ferritic steels for the construction of pressure vessels

operated at working temperatures and ambient temperatures down to −10 °C and up to the upper temperature limits

specified in Clause 2. In principle, the steels are also suitable for use at temperatures lower than −10 °C. For working

temperatures below −10 °C, AD 2000-Merkblatt W 10 is also applicable. For bolts and nuts made of austenitic steels,

AD-Merkblatt W 7/2 applies.

1.2 The basic requirements for the materials and material manufacturer are specified in AD 2000-Merkblatt W 0.

2 Suitable materials

The following materials can be used for the construction of pressure vessels:

2.1 The austenitic steels and austenitic-ferritic steels listed in Tables 1a to 1c up to the limit temperatures specified

regarding resistance to intergranular corrosion and dimensional limits.

For materials the limit temperature of which is not stated in Table 1a or 1b, Note 2 of DIN EN 10028-7, Clause 8.3.3 shall

be observed. For hot- and cold-formed pressure vessel elements, AD 2000-Merkblatt HP 7/3 shall be observed. For fittings,

AD 2000-Merkblatt HP 8/3 shall be observed.

2.2 The austenitic steels of the relevant standards and material sheets listed in Table 1 above the limit temperatures given

in Tables 1a to 1c; in this case, consideration shall be given, as appropriate, to long-term elevated temperature values if no

intergranular corrosion can occur and their suitability1) for the specified application temperature has been verified. This also

applies to the filler metal of welded tubes.

2.3 The austenitic steels listed in Table 1 in a delivery state other than quenched, e.g. warm work-hardened, or if the

dimensional limits given in the standards and material sheets in Table 1 are exceeded, where verification of their suitability1)

is provided.

2.4 Other austenitic or austenitic-ferritic steels covered by other specifications if verification of their suitability is provided

by the relevant third party.

3 Material requirements

3.1 The following standards are applicable to the chemical composition, the heat treatment condition, the mechanical and

technological properties as a function of the dimensional limits, the surface quality and the dimensional accuracy of the

products listed in Clause 2.1:

DIN EN 10028-7 Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes – Part 7: Stainless steels

DIN EN 10222-5 Steel forgings for pressure purposes – Part 5: Martensitic, austenitic and austenitic-ferritic

stainless steels

DIN EN 10272 Stainless steel bars for pressure purposes

DIN EN 10216-5 Seamless steel tubes for pressure purposes – Technical delivery conditions – Part 5:

Stainless steel tubes

DIN EN 10217-7 Welded steel tubes for pressure purposes – Technical delivery conditions – Part 7:

Stainless steel tubes

Stahl-Eisen-Werkstoffblatt 400 Stainless rolled and forged steels

3.2 The requirements for the steels specified in Clauses 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4 are based on the verification of suitability.

1) Verification of suitability indicated here and hereinafter is carried out according to AD 2000-Merkblatt W 0, Clause 3.2.1. If the

verification of suitability has led to a TÜV-Verband-Werkstoffblatt, see the Index of TÜV-Verband-Werkstoffblätter (available at

https://shop.tuev-verband.de).

Normen-Download-Beuth-Kabdwal Book International Plot No.179; D-42 Raigad..-KdNr.7042865-LfNr.10772607001-2023-09-01 12:11

AD 2000-Merkblatt

AD 2000-Merkblatt W 2, 06.2023 edition Page 3

3.3 The manufacturers of welded tubes shall observe the specific requirements of Annex I, Section 3 of the Pressure

Equipment Directive. Welded tubes are those manufactured by qualified, mechanized welding procedures in continuous

production from strip or in series production as a single length from lengths of strip/sheet. If not specified in the order, the

manufacturer specifies the welding procedure. This also applies for the welding procedures not indicated in DIN EN 10217-7.

Tubes or nozzles manufactured individually do not fall within this definition. The HP series of the AD 2000-Merkblätter as

well as the requirements of this AD 2000-Merkblatt for the starting product (strip,strip made of plate) are applicable to them.

For welded tubes, the procedures and personnel for manufacture and testing by the relevant third party shall be confirmed.

There shall be an approval procedure (e.g. according to TÜV-Verband-Merkblatt 1151) aligned with the manufacturing

method that also contains the type and scope of the non-destructive testing and the issue of inspection certificates in

accordance with DIN EN 10204.

3.4 Welded tubes specified in this AD 2000-Merkblatt shall be designed so that 100 % exploitation of the allowable design

stress is allowed in the weld (weld factor 1).

For welded tubes not complying with DIN EN 10217-7, the scope of testing of the weld zone shall be specified in such a way

in the documentation for the approval procedure that it allows 100 % exploitation of the allowable design stress. The need

for and the type of heat treatment shall also be specified.

4 Tests

Unless otherwise specified in the following, the individual products shall be tested according to DIN EN 10028-7,

DIN EN 10222-1, DIN EN 10272, DIN EN 10216-5 or DIN EN 10217-7. This also applies to the non-destructive tests and

their evaluation classes/acceptance levels. Steels conforming to SEW 400 are tested according to the above standards,

depending on the product form. Steels complying with other material specifications are governed by the stipulations of the

suitability verification.

4.1 Additional tests for plate, sheet and strip

4.1.1 Tensile test

The test is carried out at the beginning and end of each coil.

As long as uniformity and satisfaction of the set requirements over the length of the strip have been proven to the relevant

third party with an adequate degree of reliability, the test for strip is carried out on one test section per coil. A reference shall

be made in the inspection certificate to the verification of the uniformity over the strip length and the approval by the relevant

third party.

4.1.2 Impact test

The impact test shall be carried out within the scope of the tensile test at room temperature:

— For austenitic steels listed in Table 1 on thicknesses > 30 mm. When used according to AD 2000-Merkblatt W 10, on

thicknesses > 20 mm.

— For austenitic-ferritic steels on thicknesses > 6 mm. When used according to AD 2000-Merkblatt W 10 for temperatures

of less than −10 °C, the test is carried out at −40 °C.

4.1.3 Resistance to intergranular corrosion

For austenitic and austenitic-ferritic steels belonging to the stainless steels group, the intergranular corrosion test is carried

out on each and heat treatment batch. The test shall be carried out in accordance with DIN EN 10028-1, Clause 11.5.4. If

agreed with the customer, this test can be dispensed with.

For high-temperature steels (e.g. 1.4951, 1.4961), the test can be omitted if the customer does not impose requirements.

4.1.4 Material identification

All products shall be subjected to a suitable material identification test by the manufacturer.

4.2 Tubes

4.2.1 Welded tubes

The tests are carried out according to DIN EN 10217-7, test category 2, with the following additional tests. For tubes made

of automatically welded strip, a maximum of 18 m is regarded as the “random manufacturing length”.

4.2.1.1 Transverse tensile test on the weld

One test per test unit for an outside diameter > 219,1 mm (the test shall be carried out according to DIN EN 10217-7,

option 22).

Normen-Download-Beuth-Kabdwal Book International Plot No.179; D-42 Raigad..-KdNr.7042865-LfNr.10772607001-2023-09-01 12:11

文档加载中……请稍候！
如果长时间未打开，您也可以点击刷新试试。

下载文档到电脑，查找使用更方便

亲，本站95%以上的标准规范都面向会员免费，办理VIP会员下载更省钱，平均每篇不到2元

立即下载 VIP免费下载

标签： #压力容器 #奥氏体 #铁素体

摘要：

本文详细解读了德国压力容器标准规范AD 2000-Merkblatt W 2 2023年最新版，重点阐述了奥氏体钢以及奥氏体-铁素体双相不锈钢在压力容器制造中的材料选择、技术要求、检验规范及适用范围。该标准为工程设计人员、质量检验工程师及采购部门提供了严谨的技术依据，有助于确保在高温、腐蚀性介质等苛刻工况下压力容器材料的可靠性与安全性。通过掌握该规范2023版的关键更新内容，企业能够有效提升设备合规性，降低运行风险，并优化材料成本与供应链管理效率。

展开>> 收起<<

AD 2000-Merkblatt W 2 压力容器材料.奥氏体和奥氏体-铁素体钢 2023.pdf

共16页,预览3页

还剩页未读，继续阅读

声明：本文档系会员上传，若文档所含内容侵犯了您的版权或隐私，请立即通知，我们立即给予侵权申诉删除！

AD 2000-Merkblatt W 2 压力容器材料.奥氏体和奥氏体-铁素体钢 2023

相关推荐

开通VIP享超值会员特权

相关内容

热门标签

举报选择: